Phytoliriomyza brunofasciata Kato, 2022

Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna & Imada, Yume, 2022, Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts, ZooKeys 1133, pp. 1-164 : 1

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7A37FE0-DC2A-4ECC-A6A1-0E873C7C7A5A

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/524B0462-AA14-4B7C-83A2-B048C7CFBCFA

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:524B0462-AA14-4B7C-83A2-B048C7CFBCFA

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Phytoliriomyza brunofasciata Kato
status

sp. nov.

25. Phytoliriomyza brunofasciata Kato sp. nov.

Fig. 48 View Figure 48

Material examined.

Holotype: Japan: 1♂ (MK-AG-a380), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref. (35.6327°N, 138.3519°E, 1110 m asl), 25-III-2021 (as larva on C. salebrosum ), emerged on 6-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32038. Paratypes: Japan: 1♀ (MK-AG-a429), same data as holotype, emerged on 5-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32039; 1♂ (MK-AG-a405), Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 10-XII-2016 (as larva on C. salebrosum ), emerged on 3-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32040; 1♀ (MK-AG-498), Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 8-V-2010 (as larva on C. salebrosum ), emerged on 8-VI-2010, NSMT-I-Dip 32041; 1♂1♀ (MK-AG-a344, a345), Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo Pref., 27-III-2021 (as larva on C. salebrosum ), emerged on 8-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 32042, 32043; 1♂ (MK-AG-a298), Nishiyama-onsen, Hayakawa, Yamanashi Pref., 18-III-2017 (as larva on C. salebrosum ), emerged on 4-V-2017, NSMT-I-Dip 32044.

Other material.

Japan: On Conocephalum salebrosum : 3♂1♀, Hashigami, Yamane, Kuji, Iwate Pref., 5-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 5-29-5-VI-2012; 2♂6♀, Mt. Futago, Ogano, Chichibu-gun, Saitama Pref., 28-XI-2014 (as larva), emerged on 19-IV-10-VI-2015; 4♂12♀, Nippara, Okutama, Tokyo Pref., 15-III-2016 (as larva), emerged on 5-13-V-2016; 2♂1♀, Akiyama-go, Sakae-mura, Nagano Pref., 3-V-2015 (as larva), emerged on 26-V-14-VII-2020; 8♂18♀, Yashajin-toge, Minami-arupusu, Yamanashi Pref., 15-V-2018 (as larva), emerged on 1-4-VI-2018; 2♂5♀, Sengataki, Uminokuchi, Minami-maki, Nagano Pref., 28-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 3-V-10-VI-2014; 4♂6♀, Azusayama, Kawakami-mura, Nagano Pref., 28-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 25-2-V-2014.

On Conocephalum orientalis : 1♂, Tairadate, Sotogahama, Higashitsugaru, Aomori Pref., 26-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 1-15-VI-2012; 1♀, Yusen-kyo, Yamadera, Yamagata Pref., 15-IV-2014 (as larva), emerged on 3-V-3-VI-2014.

On Conocephalum purpureorubrum : 2♂1♀, Akka, Iwaizumi, Iwate Pref., 5-V-2012 (as larva), emerged on 2-6-VI-2012; 20♂22♀, Mitsumine-jinja, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 26-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 30-IV-2-V-2021; 1♀, Sarukura, Hakuba, Nagano Pref., 9-VI-2013 (as larva), emerged on 22-VII-2013; 1♂, Mitsumine-jinja, Chichibu, Saitama Pref., 13-V-2011 (as larva), emerged on 12-VI-2011.

Diagnosis.

A medium-sized yellow species (wing length 1.9-2.2 mm) having pruinose yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of gray stripes, a black 1st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-laterally with a long tubercle-like seta, and inner-basally with a comb comprising 5-7 long fused tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Conocephalum salebrosum , C. orientalis and C. purpureorubrum .

Description.

Adult male (Fig. 48A-E View Figure 48 ).

Head: Head yellow, with back of head dark brown excluding margins (Fig. 48C View Figure 48 ). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere black, pedicel and scape yellow (Fig. 48B View Figure 48 ). Arista subbasal, black, pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 48C View Figure 48 ). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 48D View Figure 48 ). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row.

Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum yellow with a medial brown stripe on anterior 2/3, with a pair of narrow brown supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider brown intra-alar stripes, which adjoin a pair of lateral presutural brown ovoid spots (Fig. 48D View Figure 48 ). Scutellum and subscutellum yellow. Mediotergite and anatergite brown, katatergite yellow with venter brown (Fig. 48E View Figure 48 ). Pleuron yellow with venter of katepisternum and meron brown (Fig. 48B View Figure 48 ). Haltere yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments entirely yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 48A View Figure 48 ). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly. Acrostichal setulae seven or eight pairs in two rows. Wing: Wing length 2.2 mm, costa reaching M1. Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 1.1-1.2.

Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow; epandrium brown. Genitalia: (Fig. 48G-J View Figure 48 ) Epandrium rounded apically; inner-lateral surface with a long tubercle-like seta; inner-anterior surface with a comb comprising six or seven fused (rarely unfused in part) long tubercle-like setae (rarely unfused in part) and an irregular row of several (2-3) short tubercle-like setae immediately outward from the comb (Fig. 48I View Figure 48 ). Surstylus rounded, directed inwards, setose apically, with one long tubercle-like seta on posterior margin (Fig. 48I View Figure 48 ). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite V-shaped in a posterior view; a pair of dorsal lobes, each with one seta. Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 48I View Figure 48 ). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, rounded apically (Fig. 48G View Figure 48 ). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 48H View Figure 48 ). Basiphallus with pale broad lateral plate on left side and lightly sclerotized dorsal margin (Fig. 48G View Figure 48 ). Hypophallus hood-shaped, membranous; covered with microtrichia ventrally; medially with a pair of dark fused, ventrally incurved, narrow sclerites (Fig. 48G, H View Figure 48 ). Paraphallus membranous, rounded or like 4-winged; paraphalli diverging, angled anteroventrally, jointed basally (Fig. 48H View Figure 48 ). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, as long as distiphallus. Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of ventral dark subtriangular sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally pigmented, with truncated unpigmented apex (Fig. 48H View Figure 48 ). Ejaculatory apodeme pale brown, with fan-shaped blade and broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 48J View Figure 48 ).

Female (Fig. 48F View Figure 48 ). Similar to male, but larger, first flagellomere black, rarely base yellowish; pedicel and scape yellow. Wing length 2.3 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 48L, M View Figure 48 ) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 48L View Figure 48 ). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 48M View Figure 48 ). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1/3 length of cercus (Fig. 48M View Figure 48 ). Spermathecae orbicular (Fig. 48A View Figure 48 ).

Immatures. (Fig. 48Q View Figure 48 ) Puparium internal, slender, and brown.

Etymology.

The specific name (brunus = brown, fascia = stripe) refers to the brown stripes on the scutum.

Japanese name.

Harusame-jagoke-hamoguribae.

Host plants.

Conocephalum salebrosum , C. orientalis and C. purpureorubrum ( Conocephalaceae ) growing on mesic soils in cool-temperate broadleaf deciduous forests.

Mine.

Larvae construct linear mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupate in the mines (Fig. 48O-R View Figure 48 ).

Biological notes.

The habitats of this species are stream banks and mesic slopes in cool temperate deciduous forests dominated by Fagus crenata , Cercidiphyllum japonicum , and Quercus crispula (Fig. 48N View Figure 48 ). Our rearing records suggest that this species is univoltine, and that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring.

Distribution.

Japan: Hokkaido, Honshu (Fig. 45 View Figure 45 ). The distribution is restricted to broadleaf deciduous forests in the cool temperate zone at high altitudes.

Remarks.

This species resembles P. nigroflava , P. pallidofasciata , and P. bifasciata in having two pairs of dark lateral stripes on the scutum; it is distinguished from them by the color of the stripes (brown in P. brunofasciata ; black in P. nigroflava ; pale brown in P. pallidofasciata ; inner pairs black and outer pairs pale brown in P. bifasciata ).