Aphestia spatulata, Camargo & Vieira & Rafael, 2024
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5436.1.1 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:42656763-C43A-4762-9678-EBE40136907B |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/361C3D59-32B3-4C14-825E-3DD16A4ECA49 |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:361C3D59-32B3-4C14-825E-3DD16A4ECA49 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Aphestia spatulata |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Aphestia spatulata sp. nov.
LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:361C3D59-32B3-4C14-825E-3DD16A4ECA49
( Figs 35–37 View FIGURE 35 View FIGURE 36 View FIGURE 37 , 41 View FIGURE 41 )
Diagnosis. Mystacal macrosetae and setae yellowish white ( Fig. 35C–D View FIGURE 35 ); scape yellowish ( Fig. 35D View FIGURE 35 ); 2 postalar and 4 marginal scutellar macrosetae ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ); fore and mid tibiae reddish yellow ( Fig. 35B View FIGURE 35 ); cercus with a small posterolateral conic projection ( Fig. 36A, E View FIGURE 36 , 37A View FIGURE 37 ); subepandrial sclerite spatulated resembling a spoon ( Fig. 36A, C, E View FIGURE 36 ).
Description. Holotype male ( Figs 35A–E, G–H View FIGURE 35 , 36 View FIGURE 36 ). Head ( Fig. 35C–D View FIGURE 35 ): black, white pruinose ( Fig. 35C View FIGURE 35 ), except face and vertex yellowish white and occiput mid dorsally brownish yellow; apruinose stripe between base of antennae and ocellar tubercle; orbital setae white; mystacal macrosetae and setae yellowish white ( Fig. 35C–D View FIGURE 35 ); ocelli ochre, 2 yellow ocellar setae; vertex yellowish setose; 14 yellow postocular macrosetae; occipital and lower occipital setae white; proboscis shining black, proboscial setae white and labial yellowish; palpus black, yellowish setose ( Fig. 35C–D View FIGURE 35 ). Antenna: scape yellowish ( Fig. 35D View FIGURE 35 ), pedicel light brown, both black setose, except scape yellow setose ventrally; postpedicel black, brown pruinose, sensorial element with yellowish tip, sensorial area dark brown, occupying 2/3 of the length of the postpedicel ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ).
Thorax ( Fig. 35A–B, G View FIGURE 35 ): black, pleura white pruinose; postpronotal lobe apex dark brown; postalar callus reddish yellow ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ). Chaetotaxy: white setose, except punctations golden, katatergite and anatergite yellowish white setose; macrosetae: 2 notopleural (1 black), 1 supra-alar, 2 postalar yellowish ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ), 4 marginal scutellar reddish yellow ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ) and 3 posterior anepisternal yellowish.
Wings ( Fig. 35H View FIGURE 35 ): translucent; microtrichia present on distal 2/3; veins light brown, except vein C dark brown; cell r 5 open; halteres yellow.
Legs ( Fig. 35B View FIGURE 35 ): mostly black except, fore and mid femora basally and anteroventrally and hind femur with basal third reddish yellow; fore and mid tibiae reddish yellow, slightly darker towards apex; hind tibia reddish yellow with distal third reddish brown; tarsi with first tarsomeres dark reddish brown; coxae white pruinose. Chaetotaxy: coxae white, trochanters and femora yellowish white setose (black dorsal distal on hind femur); fore femur with 1 anterodorsal distal, 2 dorsal distal and 3 posterodorsal yellowish macrosetae; mid femur with 2 anterior and 2 dorsal distal yellowish macrosetae; hind femur with 1 anterior, 1 anterodorsal yellowish and 3 dorsal distal black macrosetae; tibiae yellowish white setose, black dorsally on hind tibia; fore and mid tibiae with reddish yellow macrosetae, hind tibia with dorsal black and ventral yellowish macrosetae; tarsi with black dorsal and reddish yellow ventral macrosetae; brush setae reddish; claws black; empodium and pulvilli yellowish.
Abdomen ( Fig. 35A–B View FIGURE 35 ): black, punctate with golden setae, white laterally, T3–6 brown setose mid-dorsally; T1 with 4, T2 with 2, T3–5 with 1 and T6 with 4–6 yellowish lateral marginal macrosetae; T7 yellowish white setose; sternites black with light brown band posteriorly, sparsely white pruinose and sparsely yellowish white setose.
Terminalia ( Fig. 36 View FIGURE 36 ): black, except cercus, subepandrial sclerite, gonocoxite and gonostylus reddish; yellowish to golden setose; oval in dorsal and ventral views ( Fig. 36A–B View FIGURE 36 ); epandrium truncate posteriorly with few setae posterolaterally ( Fig. 36A, E View FIGURE 36 ); cercus rectangular with small conic projection posterolaterally, dorsally setose ( Fig. 36A, E View FIGURE 36 ); subepandrial sclerite spatulated, slender medially, resembling a spoon, lateral margins folding forming a “tube” open dorsally and setose ( Fig. 36A, C, E View FIGURE 36 ); gonocoxite cuneiform distally, sparsely setose, except anterior margin asetose ( Fig. 36C, G–H View FIGURE 36 ); gonostylus bacilliform, apically setose ( Fig. 36G–H View FIGURE 36 ); hypandrium cordiform ( Fig. 36F View FIGURE 36 ); phallus with short prongs, tapering towards apex ( Fig. 36I–K View FIGURE 36 ); parameral sheath conic posteriorly ( Fig. 36I View FIGURE 36 ); parameral apodeme directed ventrally ( Fig. 36I–K View FIGURE 36 ); ejaculatory apodeme fan-shaped, weakly sclerotized ( Fig. 36J View FIGURE 36 ).
Length. Body 13.2 mm; wings: 12 mm.
Holotype condition. One marginal scutellar macrosetae ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ) and tarsomeres 4 and 5 of right hind tarsus missing ( Fig. 35B View FIGURE 35 ); terminalia dissected.
Female ( Figs 35F View FIGURE 35 , 37 View FIGURE 37 ). Similar to male, except postpedicel with sensorial area smaller ( Fig. 35F View FIGURE 35 ) and terminalia with tergite T 9+ T 10+cercus with a small conic projection posterolaterally, mid-posterior margin indented, posterior half setose ( Fig. 37A View FIGURE 37 ); hypoproct conic ( Fig. 37B View FIGURE 37 ); S8 almost trapezoidal, slightly concave mid-anteriorly, sparsely setose ( Fig. 37C View FIGURE 37 ); spermathecae with 4–5 turns, more sclerotized than spermathecal ducts; sperm pump less developed; genital fork with anterior and lateral margins thicker; accessory gland lanceolate ( Fig. 37D View FIGURE 37 ).
Variation. Vertex pruinosity white; both notopleural macrosetae yellowish or black; black femoral macrosetae yellowish in some specimens; all dorsal tibial macrosetae yellowish; scape dark yellow; fore and mid femora entirely darker, not only dorsally and posteriorly.
Etymology. From Latin: spatulate: a tool to mix or stir, spoon. It refers to the apex of the subepandrial sclerite that is spatulate, resembling the shape of a spoon.
Distribution. Trinidad and Tobago (Arima, Rio Claro-Mayaro, Sangre Grande and Tobago), Guyana (Demerara-Mahaica) and Brazil (Amapá and Pará) ( Fig. 41 View FIGURE 41 ).
Phenology. The largest number of collecting events for this species occurred in November with sporadic occurrences from May to July, October and December (Tab. 1).
Taxonomic discussion. Aphestia spatulata sp. nov. can be distinguished from its congeners by the scape being yellow ( Fig. 35D View FIGURE 35 ); gonocoxite cuneiform distally ( Fig. 36G–H View FIGURE 36 ); cercus with posterior conic projection ( Figs 36A, E View FIGURE 36 , 37A View FIGURE 37 ) and subepandrial sclerite spatulate ( Fig. 36A, C, E View FIGURE 36 ).
Material examined. Holotype. BRASIL, AP [Amapá], 23.xi.1981, I.S. Gorayeb e equipe / Curiaú, Armadilha Suspensa 4 m // Holótipo Aphestia spatulata sp. nov. (♂ MPEG) . Paratypes. [TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO], Tobago, Crown Point , July 1964, J. Maldonado C / USNMENT 01224868 (1♀ NMNH); St. Pots Estate Arima, Trin. [idad], vi.25.[19]53, WGD. / USNMENT 01224863 View Materials (1♂ NMNH); [Rio Claro-Mayaro] Bois Neuf Forest, Trinidad W.I / Meup 5/6/, WG Downes + THGAIKAL / USNMENT 01224866 (1♂ NMNH); [GUYANA, Demerara-Mahaica], Georgetown, Br. [itish] Guiana / Through HWB Moore / Aphestia sp. Det. 19 A.E. Pritchard / USNMENT 01224864 (1♂ NMNH); Georgetown Br. [itish] Guiana / 41 / USNMENT 01224865 (1♀ NMNH); BRASIL, AP [Amapá], 18.xi.1981 I.S. Gorayeb e equipe / AP [Amapá], Pacoval , Rede (1♀ MPEG); Pará, Viseu, Faz.[enda] Ema. 52°21’29,6”S: 01°25’13,5”W [south and west coordinates are exchanged], Armadilha Suspensa, 1,6m Margem do Rio Piriá / Viseu, Faz.[enda] Ema, Cols: I.S. Gorayeb, T GoogleMaps . Pimentel , R . N. Bittencourt, J.O. Dias, 24–xi a 7–xii.1999 (1♂ MPEG); Belém, Outeiro E. Bosque, Arm. [adilha] Malaise, 30.iv. a 3.v.1993, Col. J. Dias / F. Ramos (1♀ MPEG); [Belém] 26–29.xi.1983, Col. I.S. Gorayeb / APEG [Área de Pesquisa Ecológica do Guamá] Armadilha 15 m Suspensa (1♀ MPEG); Vitória do Xingu, Margem dir.[eita]– R . [io] Xingu, 16–18.xi.2000 / Ilha Taboca , Mata de Várzea, A. [rmadilha] Suspensa, 1–4m, R . Santos & J. Dias (1♂ MPEG); Same data, 26–28.xi.2000 (1♂ MPEG) . Additional material. [ TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO]. Sangre Grande: Tree Station, Elev. 75, Rio Grande Forest, Trinidad , 15.vi, 25.x.[19]56 (1♀ AMNH); [GUYANA]. Brit.[ish] Guiana , 1908, Dr. K.S. Wise, 1908 – 207 / NHMUK 010092029 View Materials (1♀ NHM); Same data, NHMUK 010092031 View Materials (1♀ NHM); Same data, NHMUK 010092023 View Materials (1♀ NHM); Same data, Aphestia annulipes Macq. 19 Det. S.W. Bromley / NHMUK 010092026 View Materials (1♀ NHM); Brit.[ish] Guiana, 1908, Dr. K.S. Wise, 1908 – 207 / Aphestia annulipes Macq / USNMENT 01224858 (1♀ NMNH); [no collecting site, probably from Guyana] Aphestia annulipes . Macq. Det. S.J. Chambers 1971 / NHMUK 010092022 View Materials (1♂ NHM); Same data, NHMUK 010092025 View Materials (1♂ NHM); Same data, NHMUK 010092028 View Materials (1♀ NHM); Same data, NHMUK 010092017 View Materials (1♀ NHM) .
Key to species of Aphestia Schiner, 1866 View in CoL
1. Abdomen with lateral marginal macrosetae present only on T1, T2 and T6, absent on T3–5 ( Fig. 3C View FIGURE 3 ).................. 2
1’. Abdomen with lateral marginal macrosetae present on all tergites ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 )....................................... 5
2(1). Scutellum with 2 marginal macrosetae ( Figs 17G View FIGURE 17 , 26G View FIGURE 26 )...................................................... 3
2’. Scutellum with 4 or more marginal macrosetae ( Figs 4G View FIGURE 4 , 7G View FIGURE 7 , 10G View FIGURE 10 , 1G View FIGURE 1 3 View FIGURE 3 , 20G View FIGURE 20 , 23G View FIGURE 23 , 29G View FIGURE 29 , 32G View FIGURE 32 , 35G View FIGURE 35 )................... 4
3(2). One notopleural macrosetae; cercus rounded ( Figs 18A, E View FIGURE 18 , 19A View FIGURE 19 ); subepandrial sclerite conic ( Fig. 18A, E View FIGURE 18 ); gonocoxite conic on distal half ( Fig. 18G–H View FIGURE 18 ); gonostylus L-shaped ( Fig. 18G–H View FIGURE 18 )............ Aphestia amazonica sp. nov. ( Brazil and Peru)
3’. Two notopleural macrosetae; cercus reniform ( Figs 27A, E View FIGURE 27 , 28A View FIGURE 28 ); subepandrial sclerite resembling a dagger ( Fig. 27A, E View FIGURE 27 ); gonocoxite rod-like on distal half ( Fig. 27G–H View FIGURE 27 ); gonostylus digitiform, directed upwards apically ( Fig. 27G–H View FIGURE 27 )..................................................................................... Aphestia fritzi sp. nov. ( Brazil)
4(2’). Mystacal macrosetae and setae black and white ( Fig. 4C–D View FIGURE 4 ); gonocoxite falciform distally ( Fig. 5G–H View FIGURE 5 )................................................................................. Aphestia annulipes ( Macquart, 1838) View in CoL ( Brazil)
4’. Mystacal macrosetae and setae white ( Fig. 23C–D View FIGURE 23 ); gonocoxite conic distally ( Fig. 24G–H View FIGURE 24 )................................................................................... Aphestia fisheri sp. nov. ( Nicaragua and Costa Rica)
5(1’). Cell r 5 open at wing margin ( Figs 10H View FIGURE 10 , 13H View FIGURE 13 , 20H View FIGURE 20 , 29H View FIGURE 29 , 32H View FIGURE 32 , 35H View FIGURE 35 )............................................. 6
5’. Cell r 5 closed before wing margin ( Fig. 7H View FIGURE 7 )...................... Aphestia brasiliensis Schiner, 1866 View in CoL stat. rev. ( Brazil)
6(5). Mystacal macrosetae and setae black and white or black ( Figs 10C–D View FIGURE 10 , 29C–D View FIGURE 29 ).................................... 7
6’. Mystacal macrosetae and setae white or yellowish ( Figs 13C–D View FIGURE 13 , 20C–D View FIGURE 20 , 32C–D View FIGURE 32 , 35C–D View FIGURE 35 )........................... 8
7(6). Mystacal macrosetae and setae black and white ( Fig. 10C–D View FIGURE 10 ); postalar callus with 3 macrosetae ( Fig. 10G View FIGURE 10 ); cercus with a digitiform projection posterolaterally ( Fig. 11E View FIGURE 11 ); subepandrial sclerite spatulate distally ( Fig. 11E View FIGURE 11 )...................................................................... Aphestia calceata Schiner, 1867 View in CoL stat. rev. ( Brazil and Argentina)
7’. Mystacal macrosetae and setae totally black ( Fig. 29C–D View FIGURE 29 ); postalar callus with 2 macrosetae ( Fig. 29G View FIGURE 29 ); cercus rectangular with a tooth posterolaterally ( Fig. 30E View FIGURE 30 ); subepandrial sclerite lanceolate distally ( Fig. 30E View FIGURE 30 ).................................................................................... Aphestia nigriseta sp. nov. ( Costa Rica and Panama)
8(6’). Postalar callus with 2 macrosetae ( Figs 13G View FIGURE 13 , 20G View FIGURE 20 , 35G View FIGURE 35 ); fore and mid femora at least with basal extremity yellow or brownish yellow ( Figs 13B View FIGURE 13 , 20B View FIGURE 20 , 35B View FIGURE 35 )............................................................................ 9
8’. Postalar callus with 3 macrosetae ( Fig. 32G View FIGURE 32 ); fore and mid femora black ( Fig. 32B View FIGURE 32 ).... Aphestia saltuaria sp. nov. ( Brazil)
9(8). Fore and mid femora dark brown to black, at least medially ( Figs 20B View FIGURE 20 , 35B View FIGURE 35 ); cercus with digitiform ( Fig. 21A, E View FIGURE 21 ) or conic ( Fig. 36A, E View FIGURE 36 , 37A View FIGURE 37 ) projections at posterior margin.............................................................. 10
9’. Fore and mid femora entirely yellowish, only apex slightly darker ( Fig. 13B View FIGURE 13 ); cercus without digitiform or conic projections at posterior margin ( Figs 14A, E View FIGURE 14 , 15A View FIGURE 15 )................... Aphestia nigra Bigot, 1878 View in CoL ( Mexico, Guatemala and Costa Rica)
10(9). Scape black ( Fig. 20D View FIGURE 20 ); cercus with distinct digitiform projection ( Fig. 21A, E View FIGURE 21 , 22A View FIGURE 22 ); subepandrial sclerite rod-like ( Fig. 21A, C, E View FIGURE 21 )...................................................................... Aphestia dikowi sp. nov. ( Brazil)
10’. Scape yellow ( Fig. 35D View FIGURE 35 ); cercus with distinct conic projection ( Fig. 36A, E View FIGURE 36 , 37A View FIGURE 37 ); subepandrial sclerite spatulate ( Fig. 36A, C, E View FIGURE 36 ).......................................... Aphestia spatulata sp. nov. ( Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana and Brazil)
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.