Hongshuia, Zhang, E, Qiang, Xin & Lan, Jia-Hu, 2008

Zhang, E, Qiang, Xin & Lan, Jia-Hu, 2008, Description of a new genus and two new species of labeonine fishes from South China (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), Zootaxa 1682, pp. 33-44 : 34-35

Hongshuia , new genus

Type species: Hongshuia paoli , new species

Diagnosis. Hongshuia is distinct from all other Asian labeonine fishes in having a lower lip with its median lobe modified into a round, fleshy plate peripherally greatly protruded so as to form a ring-like fold posteromedially continuous with the mental region and centrally sunken so as to form a round, flat, fleshy pad ( Fig.1 A). It is separated from all other Asian labeonine fishes of the Garrina (sensu Rainboth, 1996) except for one newly described species of Parasinilabeo Wu, 1939 (type species: Parasinilabeo assmilis Wu and Yao, 1977 ), namely P. longibarbus Zhu, Lan and Zhang, 2006 , Pseudocrossocheilus Zhang and Chen, 1997 (type species: Crossocheilus bamaensis Fang, 1981 ) and Sinocrossocheilus (type species: Sinocrossocheilus guizhouensis Wu, 1977 ) in having well-developed (vs. minute or absent) maxillary barbels.

Hongshuia is further distinguished from Parasinilabeo (sensu Zhang, 2000) in having two (vs. three) rows of pharyngeal teeth, a crenulated (vs. non-crenulated) rostral fold disconnected (vs. connected) from the lower lip at the corners of the mouth, and no postlabial groove (vs. present, broadly interrupted or confined only in the side of the lower jaw). It has well-developed maxillary barbels, as found in P. longibarbus , but further differs from P. longibarbus in having have 7 (vs. 8) branched dorsal-fin rays.

Hongshuia further differs from Sinocrossocheilus in the lower lip morphology [ Fig. 1 (a)– (b)] and in its color patterns [ Fig. 3 (a)–(c)]. In Hongshuia , the median lobe of the lower lip has a ring-like (vs. crescentic in Sinocrossocheilus ) fleshy fold that surrounds (vs. caps) the round (vs. roughly triangular), flat (vs. slightly protruded) fleshy pad, and the posteromedian (vs. posterior) edge of the ring-like fleshy fold (vs. nearly triangular fleshy pad) is posteriorly continuous with the mental region. Hongshuia lacks the conspicuous black bar on the upper half of the flank immediately above the fifth lateral line scale present in Sinocrossocheilus .

Hongshuia further differs from Pseudocrossocheilus (sensu Zhang & Chen, 1997) in the lower lip morphology, and in the numbers of pharyngeal tooth rows and branched dorsal-fin rays. The lower lip morphology of Pseudocrossocheilus (see Zhang and Chen, 2004: 30, fig. 1f) is not shared with Hongshuia or even all other labeonine genera. Pseudocrossocheilus has a pair of mental grooves dividing the lower lip into two lateral lobes and one median lobe (vs. absent in Hongshuia ); the median lobe is roughly square (vs. roughly round), greatly protruded with its anterior portion densely covered with papillae and its posterior portion not papillose (vs. peripherally greatly protruded to form a ring-like, papillose, fleshy fold and centrally sunken to form a round, flat, papillated, fleshy pad). Hongshuia has two (vs. three) rows of pharyngeal teeth and seven (vs. eight) branched dorsal-fin rays.

Etymology. The generic name is derived from the the Chinese name ‘ Hongshui He,’ where the type species was collected. Gender: feminine.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Diagrammatic illustrations of oromandibular structures in: (A) Hongshuia; (B) Sinocrossocheilus. cf = crescentic fold of median lobe of lower lip; fp = fleshy pad of median lobe of lower lip; ll = lateral lobe of lower lip; lj = lower jaw; mb = maxillary barbel; rb = rostral barbel; rf = rostral fold; rlf = ring-like fold of median lobe of lower lip; sg = sublachrymal groove; uj = upper jaw.

FIGURE 3. Lateral view of: (A) Hongshuia paoli, IHB 200210911, holotype, 54. 3 mm SL; (B) Hongshuia banmo, IHB 200410806, holotype, 57.4 mm SL; (C) Sinocrossocheilus guizhouensis, IHB 6650508, 59.0 mm SL.