Taraxacum dissimile Dahlst., Ark. Bot. 10(11): 8. 1911.

Wolanin, Mateusz, Klichowska, Ewelina, Jedrzejczyk, Iwona, Rewers, Monika & Nobis, Marcin, 2023, Taxonomy and distribution of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma (Asteraceae) in Poland, PhytoKeys 224, pp. 1-88 : 1

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.224.99463
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/727ECAE7-F5E9-5E2F-A2AA-51C1B47457B9
treatment provided by	PhytoKeys by Pensoft (2023-04-06 07:29:31, last updated 2024-11-30 01:41:36)
scientific name	Taraxacum dissimile Dahlst., Ark. Bot. 10(11): 8. 1911.
status

Treatment

6. Taraxacum dissimile Dahlst., Ark. Bot. 10(11): 8. 1911. View in CoL

Type.

Sweden, Gothenburg archipelago, Branno, seashore, 19 May 1910, Th. Lange (lectotype in TURA [sheet No. I, middle specimen], designated by Lundevall and Øllgaard 1999: 78; isolectotype in TURA [sheets No. 2 and 3]) .

Description.

Plants small to middle-sized, 5-12 cm tall. Leaves greyish-green, sparsely hairy on the upper side, approximately 5-10(-12) cm long and (1-)2.0-3.0(-4.0) cm wide, usually 4-5 times longer than wide, blades oblanceolate, usually broadest in upper 1/4, with 3-4 pairs of lateral lobes; lateral lobes opposite to remote; lateral lobes of the inner leaves triangular, straight or a little recurved, broad at the base, with an entire or slightly denticulate, straight or somewhat convex distal margin, proximal margin usually entire; lateral lobes of the outer leaves triangular, entire or somewhat denticulate at the distal margin; interlobes usually winged and flat, sometimes crisped, green or blackish coloured; terminal lobe distinct, triangular, often incised, entire or denticulate on the upper sides; petioles unwinged, purple. Scapes as long as or shorter than leaves, sparsely hairy below the capitulum. Capitulum convex, 3.0-3.5 cm in diameter, yellow, medium dense, outer strips greyish-red; inner bracts dark green, somewhat pruinose; outer bracts usually 12-16, lanceolate, usually 7-8 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm broad, grey-green suffused pruinose, with a distinct white hyaline margin (0.2-0.5 mm broad), recurved and corniculate; stigmas blackish, pollen absent or very poorly developed (up to a few grains on the stigma). Achenes yellowish-greyish-brown, 3.6-4.2 mm long (incl. the 0.9-1.2 mm long, cylindrical cone), rostrum 8-9 mm long, pappus white.

Flowering period.

(April) May.

Habitat.

Species observed in dry, sandy, semiruderal places such as pastures, lawns and forest road edges. On the coast of the Baltic Sea (between Krynica Morska and Piaski), we noted this species on the forest roadside together with Achillea millefolium , Arabidopsis thaliana , Carex ovalis , C. praecox , Cerastium holosteoides , C. semidecandrum , Equisetum arvense , Erophila verna , Festuca rubra , Luzula campestris , Plantago lanceolata , Poa pratensis , Potentilla argentea , Ranunculus bulbosus , Veronica arvensis , Vicia lathyroides .

Somatic chromosome number.

24 ( Wolanin and Musiał 2017).

General distribution.

Central, North and East Europe; species reported in Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Poland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Central and Northwest European Russia ( Van Soest 1967; Tutin et al. 1976; Fedorov 1989; Lundevall and Øllgaard 1999; Mosyakin and Fedoronchuk 1999; Øllgaard et al. 2000; Wendt and Øllgaard 2015). This species is probably not native to Belgium ( Lambinon et al. 2004; EURO+MED 2006 -onwards).

Distribution in Poland.

Scattered localities in north-eastern Poland, quite rare (Fig. 10F View Figure 10 ).

Specimens examined.

CA43 - Łeba, dry lawn, 54°46'05"N, 17°35'28"E, 3 May 2019, M. Wolanin (003572 UR); Łeba, dune, 54°46'05"N, 17°34'05"E, 1 May 2017, M. Wolanin (003265, 003278 UR); DA51 - Hel, Leśna street, lawn, 54°36'05"N, 18°49'16"E, 9 May 2016, M. Wolanin (003324 UR); DA76 - Piaski , sandy roadside, 54°25'12"N, 19°34'04"E, 10 May 2016, M. Wolanin (003307 UR); DA86 - between Krynica Morska and Piaski, sandy roadside in forest, 54°24'21"N, 19°31'44"E, 10 May 2016, M. Wolanin (003281 UR); DC32 - vicinity of the village Golub-Dobrzyń, roadside near Okonin lake, 53°04'27"N, 18°57'40"E, 29 April 2018, M. Wolanin (003477 UR); DC52 - between Wakole and Dąbrówka, roadside in pine forest, 52°51'40"N, 18°58'09"E, 29 April 2018, M. Wolanin (003447 UR); FB77 - Osowiec, dry pasture close to fort, 53°29'25"N, 22°38'32"E, 24 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003255, 003268 UR); FC13 - Stara Łomża, roadside, 17 May 1998, Z. Głowacki (527696 KRAM); GD10 - Serpelice, lawn, 52°16'49"N, 23°03'01"E, 25 April 2016, M. Wolanin (003294 UR) GoogleMaps .

Notes.

This species belongs to the Dissimilia group due to its yellowish-greyish-brown achenes, sharply outlined, triangular-sagittate and incised terminal lobe. Outer phyllaries are large, grey-green, pruinose with a wide hyaline border. The plant is dark in colour with dark stigmas and quite bright outer phyllaries, which makes it conspicuous in the field. Pollen is not present (Figs 21 View Figure 21 , 22 View Figure 22 ).

References

2006. . http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/

Fedorov, AA [Ed.], 1989. Flora evropejskoj casti SSSR 8. [Cvelev NN]

Lambinon, J, Delvosalle, L, Duvigneaud, J [coll. Geerinck D, Lebeau, J, Schumacker, R, Vannerom, H], 2004. Nouvelle Flore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duche de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des Regions Voisines (5 ed.). Jardin botanique national de Belgique, Meise

Lundevall, CF, Ollgaard, H, 1999. The genus Taraxacum in the Nordic and Baltic countries: Types of all specific, subspecific and varietal taxa, including type locations and sectional belonging. Preslia 71: 43 - 171

Mosyakin, SL, Fedoronchuk, MM, 1999. Vascular Plants of Ukraine. A Nomenclatural Checklist. M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev.

Ollgaard, H, Glowacki, Z, Krechowski, J, 2000. Species of genus Taraxacum (Asteraceae) in Poland. Part 1. Pomorze, Mazowsze and Podlasie regions. Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica 7: 5 - 62

Tutin, TG, Heywood, VH, Burges, NA, Moore, DM, Valentine, DH, Walters, SM, Webb, DA [Eds], 1976. Flora Europaea (Vol. 4). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

Van Soest, JL, 1967. A catalogue of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma Dt. em. Lb Leiden.

Wendt, G, Ollgaard, H, 2015. Sandmaskrosor i Sverige och Danmark. Svenska Botaniska Foereningen, 304 pp.

Wolanin, M, Musial, K, 2017. Chromosome numbers in 11 species of Taraxacum section Erythrosperma Dt. from Poland. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series; Botanica 59 (2): 83 - 87, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/abcsb-2017-0008

Figures

Figure 10. Distribution maps of Taraxacum sect. Erythrosperma in Poland A T. bellicum B T. brachyglossum C T. cristatum D T. danubium E T. disseminatum F T. dissimile; black square - localities recorded during field studies, black circle - other localities known from herbarium data.