Asphondylia cipo, Urso-Guimarães, 2018

Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia, 2018, A new species of Asphondylia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and a key to separate species of the genus associated with Asteraceae from Neotropical region, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (Pap. Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo) 58, pp. 1-7 : 2-5

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.53
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AE69D583-C129-4402-BFF7-355313898D70
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7962879D-FFA5-FF90-FC24-FF034EB7FB34
treatment provided by	Valdenar
scientific name	Asphondylia cipo
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Asphondylia cipo View in CoL sp. nov.

( Figures 1-6 View Figure1 View Figure 2 View Figure 3 View Figure 4 View Figure 5 View Figure 6 )

Description: Adult: Thorax brown, abdomen orange. Body length, male 3.5-5.2 mm (n = 13), female 4.2-6.2 mm (n = 10). Head ( Fig. 1A View Figure1 ): Eyes black, holoptic, facets octagonal, closely adjacent, with long setae. Antenna typical of Asphondylia (2+12 cylindrical flagellomeres; male 2.2-3.1 mm; female 2.2-2.8 mm; scape elongated, male 0.17 mm, female 0.18 mm; and distally enlarged; pedicel round, male 0.06 mm, female 0.07 mm; sinuous circumfila in male ( Fig. 1B View Figure1 ), and simple in female ( Fig. 1C View Figure1 ); 9 th- 12 th male flagellomere with length approximately equal ( Fig. 1D View Figure1 ); 9 th- 12 th female flagellomeres progressively shorter ( Fig. 1E View Figure1 ). Frontoclypeus with about 20-24 setae (n = 16, males and females), labrum elongated with 2-3 pairs of ventral setae. Hypopharynx triangular with short lateral setulae, labella round-convex, each with 6-7 setae; palpus three-segmented, shape and setae as in figure 1F. Thorax: Dark brown, antepronotal lobe bare, scutum with dorsocentral rows of setae and lateral setae present, anepistemum with 50-52 setae in male (n = 13) and 52-54 setae in female (n = 10); katepistemum bare; anepimeron with three rows with 56-58 setae in male (n = 13) and 60-62 setae in female (n = 10), mediotergite bare, laterotergite with eight trichoid sensilla near halter base. Legs: First tarsomere of each leg with an apicoven-

view;(C) Larval terminal segment with elongated cells around anus,in terminal-dorsal view.Abbreviations:ilp = inner lateral papillae;olp = outer lateral papillae;

tp = terminal papillae.

in tergites and sternites ( Figs. 2A, 2B View Figure 2 ). Male terminalia ( Figs. 2C, 2D View Figure 2 ): Gonocoxite wide and setose, 0.2-0.23 mm length (n = 13) and 1.3-1.5 times as long as wide; gonostylus short ovoid, setose, 0.09 mm long (n = 13) and as long as wide, two-toothed; cercus round, fused at base, lobed at apex; hypoproct bilobed; aedeagus triangular, tapering gradually towards the apex and pointed apically, sclerotized.

tral spur 0.03-0.04 mm long ( Fig.1G View Figure1 ); tarsal claws all equal in size and shape, as long as empodia ( Figs. 1H, 1I, 1J View Figure1 ). Wing length (from arculus to apex): males: 3.5-4.4 mm (n = 13), females: 4.1-4.9 mm (n = 10), venation typical of Asphondylia .

Abdomen: Male: Tergites and sternites 1-7: rectangular and completely sclerotized; a row of strong setae along the posterior margin of tergites, setae scattered elsewhere, scales absent.Tergite 8 a narrow sclerotized band with a row of strong setae along the posterior margin. Sternite 8 ovoid, well sclerotized with several scattered setae concentrated caudally. Trichoid sensilla absent Abdomen: Female ( Figs. 3A, B View Figure 3 ): tergites 1-7 as in male. Sternites2-6 as in male,sternite 7ovoid, 0.7mm long,with scattered setae; 1.5 of the length of sternite 6. Sternite 8 non-sclerotized. Trichoid sensilla absent in tergites and sternites. Ovipositor: protractible part 1.6 mm length, 2.3 times longer than sternite 7.

Pupa ( Figs. 4 View Figure 4 A-D): Brown, abdominal integument rough, with microspines dorsally, and round sclerotized plates ventrally in abdomen surface. Body length, 4.3-6.4 mm, 1.8-2.0 mm maximum width (n = 32). Head ( Figs. 4A, 4B View Figure 4 ). Antennal horns, 0.02 mm, well developed, triangular, inner margin finely serrate, outer margin smooth. Upper frontal horn simple, 0.11 mm length, low- er frontal horn trilobed, 0.04 mm length each; presence of two pairs of lower facial papillae (one setose and the other bare), three pairs of lateral papillae (one setose and two bare); cephalic setae short, 0.07 mm length. Thorax: Prothoracic spiracle short, 0.12 mm length, setiform with an accessory structure in spiral format ( Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ). Wing reaching third abdominal segment and legs reaching fifth abdominal segment. Abdominal tergites 2-8 with two rows of strong spines in caudal area and small spines scattered in proximal area. Terminal segment with one row of hooked spines ( Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ). Pupation in gall.

Larva 3rd instar: Light cream. Body, 3.1 mm length, 1.6 maximum width (n = 1). Integument sclerotized, cephalic setae, 0.01 mm length. Thorax: Area around prothoracic spatula pigmented, spatula 0.3 mm length, four teeth anteriorly, middle tooth smaller than lateral teeth, with narrow shaft; one pair of setose inner lateral papillae and two pairs of setose outer lateral papillae ( Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ). Abdomen: Segments 1-8 covered by round plates with microspines dorsally and ventrally, spiracles short and sclerotized; terminal segment ( Fig. 5B View Figure 5 ), 0.03 mm length, 0.07 maximum width, round with a pair of short setose papillae; anus dorsal in cleft, flanked by elongated cells ( Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ).

Etymology: The specific name “ cipo ” is in apposition, referring to the type locality, Serra do Cipó.

Gall and biology ( Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ): Globoid stem and petiole swelling on Lessingianthus warmingianus (Baker) H. Rob. (Asteraceae) . Galls are bare, monothalamous, unilocular even when closely approximated to one another. The interior of larval chamber is lined with a fungal mycelium, as described for A. glomeratae and A. moehni in Gagné et al. (2001). Pupation in gall. The adults emerged through an escape hole dug with the antennal horns of the pupa.

Holotype: Male: Brazil, Minas Gerais: Santana do Riacho, Pedra do Elefante trail in Serra do Cipó (S19°17.468 ”; W43°32.564 ”, 1,237 m altitude), collected 14.xi.2002; emerged 20.xi.2002, collected and reared by M. V. Urso-Guimarães from stem and petiole swellings on Lessingianthus warmingianus (Baker) H. Rob.(Asteraceae) . Deposited in slides as mounted specimen at the MZSP.

Paratypes: 57 specimens,same data as holotype, except for: 1 male, 1 female, 1 pupal exuviae, 1 larva ; in alcohol: same collect date of holotype, except for: 1 male, 2 females, 2 pupae, 4 exuviae emerged in 18.xi.2002; 1 male, 1 female, 10 pupae, 2 exuviae emerged in 19.xi.2002; 4 males, 4 females, 1 pupa, 8 exuviae, 2 larvae emerged in 21.xi.2002; 1 male, 1 exuvia emerged in 25.xi.2002; 1 male, 1 exuvia emerged in 26.xi.2002; and 3 males, 2 females, 2 exuviae emerged in 03.xii.2002 (deposited in MZSP) .

Remarks: Asphondylia cipo sp. nov. can be easily differentiated from any other species of the genus by the following set of characters: the great body length; needle part of ovipositor 1.6 mm length, 2.3 times longer than sternite 7; upper frontal horn simple, lower frontal horn trilobed; prothoracic spiracle setiform with an accessory structure in spiral format; four-toothed prothoracic spatula of larva, the inner pair tiny and widely separated; one pair of discrete terminal papillae; galls on stem and petiole of Lessingianthus warmingianus .

Of the 16 species Asphondylia inducing galls on Asteraceae whose larvae are known, only A. ajallai , A. serrata , A. ulei , A. zacatechichi , and A. cipo sp. nov. have spatula with inner teeth much less than ½ the size of the outer with the inner incision flat and wide ( Fig. 7F View Figure 7 ), however,the distance between the inner teeth is much larger in A. cipo sp. nov. than in the other known species; from these, only A. serrata and A. cipo sp. nov. share one inner and two outer lateral papillae, A. ajallai and A. ulei have two inner and two outer lateral papillae, and A. zacatechichi has 3inner and 2 outer lateral papillae. Asphondylia cipo sp. nov. differ of A. serrata by the shape of antennal horn, triangular in the former, rectangular in the later in pupa; and in females, the needle part of ovipositor is 2.3 times longer than sternite 7 in the former and 1.87 in the later. The morphological evidence discussed above indicates that this species is distinct from all other species of Asphondylia inducing galls on Asteraceae described previously.