Pavonia cancellata (Linnaeus) Cavanilles (1787: 135)

Tavares, Aline Belém & Alves, Marccus, 2024, Synopsis of Pavonia Cav. (Malvaceae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, Phytotaxa 645 (3), pp. 232-247 : 235-236

2. Pavonia cancellata (Linnaeus) Cavanilles (1787: 135) ( Figure 1 , 5a–b , 6a ).

Hibiscus cancellatus L. , Pl. Surin.: 12 (1775).

Holotype:— SURINAM. “140. cancellatus .” C. Linnaeus 140 ( LINN barcode LINN-875.8 ! [digital image]; isotype, S barcode S09-24421 ! [digital image])

Taxonomic notes: —Characterized by its prostrate habit, pilose to pubescent branches and ovate to deltoid leaves (1.5‒ 5.8 × 1.2‒6.8 cm). Epicalyx with 12‒18 filiform bracteoles and the petals yellow with a basal spot. Pavonia cancellata morphological shares similarities with P. repens and P. humifusa in the habit, epicalyx, calyx, and corolla. However, it can be distinguished by its ovate or deltoid, write base leaves, whereas oblique in P. humifusa and flabelliform in P. repens . Indumentum of branches and leaves are pilose to pubescent in P. cancellata and velutinous in P. humifusa .

Distribution, habitat, and IUCN threat status: —Species distributed in Central America ( Nicaragua and Costa Rica) and in South America ( Venezuela, Guianas, Brazil, Paraguay, and Bolivia) ( Fryxell 1999, Flora e Funga do Brasil 2020). In Brazil is registered in regions of North, Northeast, Midwest, and Southeast (Flora e Funga do Brasil 2020). In Pernambuco is recorded in 50 municipalities. In areas of the Littoral Zone (restinga and coastal terraces subzones), Mata Zone ( Mata Úmida , Mata Seca and Matas Serranas ), Caatinga Zone (Agreste, Sertão Central, Sertão dos Chapadões Areníticos and Sertão do Araripe) and in Savanna ( Mata de Tabuleiro ). Occurs in the Área de Proteção Ambiental da Chapada do Araripe, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Brejo, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Tabatinga, Estação Ecológica de Caetés, Parque Ecológico Serra Negra, Parque Nacional do Vale do Catimbau and Estação Ecológica de Brejo dos Cavalos. Considering larger EOO of 13,888,402.32 km 2 and the AOO of 2,076.000 km², number of locations and as there is no present or plausible threat has been observed the species is assessed here as Least Concern (LC).

Phenology: —Collected with flowers and fruits every month of the year.

Representative specimens: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Buíque, Vale do Catimbau, 8º36’47”S, 37º00’00”W, 12 February 2019, B. Ramos et al. s.n. ( IPA 93085 ) . Carnaubeira da Penha , Serra do Arapuá , 8º26’39”S, 38º38’19”W, J.L. Costa-Lima 1689 ( HUEFS) . Floresta, Polígono 3035, 8º37’16”S, 38º08’04”W, 23 May 2018, D.G. Oliveira 1146 ( HUEFS) . Garanhuns, Fazenda Experimental da UFRPE, 23 March 2017, R.T. Barros s.n. ( IPA 91538 ) . Goiana, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Fazenda Tabatinga , 7º36’22”S, 34º49’14”W, 4 March 2010, B.S. Amorim & D. Cavalcanti 586 ( UFP) . Gravatá , Reserva Ecológica Serra do Contente ,8º 72’08”S, 35º84’75”W, 21 October 2017, T.S. Coutinho et al. 298 ( UFP) . Ibimirim , Serra da Bandarra , 8º26’51”S, 37º37’46”W, 23 April 2019, L.F. Lima 1502 ( HUEFS) . Igarassu , Usina São José , 7º42’58”S, 34º59’26”W, 18 October 2007, A. Alves-Araujo et al. 649 ( HUEFS; IPA; UFP; MAC) . Moreilândia , Serra do Catolé , 7º27’51”S, 39º28’13”W, 6 July 2014, V.M. Mascena 22 ( EAC) . Mirandiba 8º02’32”S, 38º52’18”W, 7 May 2013, A.C.P. Oliveira 2495 ( HVASF) . Paulista , Estação Ecológica Caetés , 7º55’15”S, 34º55’15”W, 7 August 2015, G.O. Lima 19 ( PEUFR) . Petrolândia , Apolônio Sales , 8º58’05”S, 38º14’19”W, 19 March 2014, M. Pommeranz 55 ( IPA) . Quipapá , Distrito e Pau-Ferro , 8º50’36”S, 36º07’13”W, 12 October 1998, I.A. Bayma & C.S.S. Barros 164 ( ESA; MAC) . Recife , Guabiraba , 5 August 2014, L.A. Silva & M.A. Chagas 91 ( HUESB; UFP) . Salgueiro , Área de canal , 8º01’18”S, 39º39’32”W, 23 March 2015, A.P. Fontana 9162 ( HUEFS) . Sirinhaém , Usina Trapiche , 8º33’22.8”S, 35º04’50.2”W, 21 October 2016, F.A.A. Nepomuceno et al. 272 ( UFP) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Pavonia in the Pernambuco state, Brazil. (●) P. cancellata, (▲) P. hexaphylla.

FIGURE 5. Leaves and flowering twig in Pavonia in the Pernambuco state, Brazil. a–b. P. cancellata. a. Deltoid. b. Ovate-cordate. c. Subtrilobed in P. hexaphylla. d–e. P. ducke-limae. d. Ovate-lanceolate. e. Orbicular. f. Ovate leaf blade of P. martii. g. Branches with cordate leaves and paniculate inflorescences of P. paniculata. h. Leaf blade 5-lobed (palmatifid) of P. varians. i. Leaf blade 3-lobed of P. blanchetiana. j. Lanceolate leaf blade of P. fruticosa; k. Ovate leaf blade of P. glazioviana. l. Flabelliform leaf blade of P. repens. m. Ovate leaf blade of P. sidifolia. n. Asymmetrical leaf blade of P. humifusa. o. Ovate with cordate base of P. malacophylla (a. Alves-Araújo et al. 649 [IPA 79850]; b. Bayma & Barros 164 [MAC 9743]; c. Pessoa & Melo 468 [UFP 67193]; d. Giulietti 621 [IPA 1836]; e. Ducke & Andrade-Lima 7 [IPA 2213]; f. Andrade-Lima 66-4533 [IPA 13968]; g. Pickel 2634 [NY 407315]; h. Menezes 3 [HVASF 2392]; i. Baracho 274 [UFP 22006]; j. Miranda et al. s.n. [HST 17335]; k. Carvalho-Sobrinho et al. 2012 [UFP 59203]; l. Coelho 255 [HVASF 7904]; m. Esteves & Barros 2570 [MAC 7843]; n. Fryxell 1944 [NY 407195]; o. Pereira et al. 235 [IPA 63271]).

FIGURE 6. Branches, epicalyx, calyx, corolla, and staminal tube of Pavonia in the Pernambuco state, Brazil. a. P. cancellata. b. P. hexaphylla. c–d. P. ducke-limae. c. Epicalyx, calyx, corolla, and staminal tube. d. Branches. e. Epicalyx and calyx of P. martii. f. P. paniculata. g. Epicalyx and calyx of P. varians. h. P. blanchetiana. i. Epicalyx of P. fruticosa. j. P. glazioviana. k. P. repens. l. Epicalyx of P. sidifolia. m–n. P. humifusa. o–p. P. malacophylla. (a. Alves-Araújo 649 [HUEFS 150922]; b. Pessoa & Melo 468 [UFP 67193]; c. França 173 [MAC 54980]; d. Giulietti 621 [IPA 1836]; e.Andrade-Lima 66-4533 [IPA 13968]; f. Pickel 2634 [NY 407315]; g. Ferreira 639 [HVASF 14969]; h. Baracho 274 [UFP 22006]; i. Amorim et al. 857 [UFP 68710]; j. Fryxell 1943 [NY 407109]; k. Coelho 255 [HVASF 7904]; l. Esteves & Barros 2570 [MAC 7843]; m–n. Pick 101 [UFP 53610]; o–p. Amorim et al. 1035 [UFP 67179]).