Gaucha cabriola, Carvalho & Botero-Trujillo, 2019

Carvalho, Leonardo S. & Botero-Trujillo, Ricardo, 2019, On the sun-spiders of the ibirapemussu species-group of the genus Gaucha Mello-Leitão, 1924 (Solifugae, Mummuciidae), with description of a new species, Zootaxa 4700 (2), pp. 289-298 : 292-295

Gaucha cabriola , new species

Figs. 1–17 ; Tab. 1

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Type material. Holotype: male from BRAZIL: Pernambuco: Itacuruba (near Riacho Itacuruba, 8°47’14.8”S 38°41’53.7”W), 2014, S.C. Sousa leg. (CHNUFPI 2519) . Paratypes: same data of holotype, 1 ♂ (CHNUFPI 2503) , 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (CHNUFPI 2510) , 1 ♂ (CHNUFPI 2604), 1 ♂ ( UFMG 23063 ) .

Aditional material examined. BRAZIL: Piauí: Jaicós (7°16’22.35”S 41°15’34.8”W), XII.2013 – II.2014, T. Jiménez-Pinheiro et al. leg., 1 juvenile (CHNUFPI 2471), 2 ♀ (CHNUFPI 2472), 1 ♂ (CHNUFPI 2473), 1 ♀ (CHNUFPI 2474), 1 ♂ (CHNUFPI 2475), 1 ♂ (CHNUFPI 2476), 3 juveniles (CHNUFPI 2477), and 1 ♀ (CHNUF- PI 2478 ) .

Etymology. The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, inspired in a folkloric legend from Portugal, brought by the XIX century to the States of Pernambuco and Piauí, where the new species is known from. Hearsay tell that, according to the legend the ‘Cabriola’ goat throws fire and smoke through her eyes, nose and mouth at anyone wandering deserted streets on Friday nights. Also, it enters the houses through the roof or door, looking for spoiled and mischievous boys to become its meal. So luckily, there is no material evidence of its existence, and it only lives in the local folklore and in this solifuge species name.

Diagnosis. Gaucha cabriola sp. nov. belongs to the ibirapemussu species-group as this was defined by Botero- Trujillo et al. (2017: 29). Males of the new species can be distinguished from all other described Gaucha species by having the MM and MSM teeth very small and similar in size to each other ( Figs. 6 , 10 , 15–16 ). Additionally, within the ibirapemussu species-group, males of G. cabriola sp. nov. also differ from males of G. avexada by the practically smooth flagellum with diminute spicules ( Figs. 7 , 12 ); from males of G. eremolembra by the shape of the fixed finger mucron, more robust and with the apex curved ventrally in the new species ( Figs. 8 , 10 , 15–16 ); from males of G. mauryi by having the FM and FD teeth not so exceptionally elongated, and the larger MM tooth; and from males of G. ibirapemussu by having the fixed and movable finger mucra comparatively longer, straighter and thinner ( Figs. 8 , 10 , 15–16 ), as well as by the shape of the flagellum which is less globose in the new species ( Figs. 7 , 12 ).

Description. Male holotype (CHNUFPI 2519): Measurements in Table 1 . Color: On 80% ethanol-preserved specimens. Propeltidium base color yellow, with whitish patches posteriorly without well-defined borders; ocular tubercle yellow, dark around the eyes ( Figs. 1–2 ). Chelicerae with manus yellow with some whitish areas; distal region of the fingers reddish ( Figs. 2 , 9 ). Meso-, metapeltidium, and dorsal surface of opisthosoma with a three-darkband design typical of the family: tergites with median, longitudinal brown band, and paired, thinner lateral whitish bands ( Fig. 1 ); lateral pleural membranes with sub-dorsal black and sub-ventral white bands becoming difuse towards posterior segments ( Fig. 3 ); white band of opisthosomal pleural membrane with black marks surrounding the insertion socket of most setae, and inter-segmental transversal vertices yellow ( Fig. 3 ); sternites base color whitish yellow, with lateral margins conspicuously darkened, but three/four posteriormost sternites and preanal sternite with faded color ( Fig. 3 ); anal plate with faded dark color ventrally, and dorsally with whitish regions. Ventral aspect of prosoma uniformly yellow; sternum lighter than coxae. Pedipalps yellowish, with telotarsus tip darker than the rest of pedipalp. Legs dark yellow, darker at tibia, basitarsus and telotarsus ( Fig. 1 ). Malleoli predominantly whitish. Chelicera: Fixed finger all three primary teeth (FP, FM and FD) and one secondary FSM tooth ( Figs. 8 , 10 , 15–16 ); FM and FD columnar ( Figs. 8 , 15 ); FM and FD longer than other teeth in the finger, FM similar in size to FD or only slightly larger, such that FM≈FD>FP ( Figs. 10 , 16 ). Fixed finger FSD secondary tooth absent ( Figs. 10 , 15–16 ). Fixed finger prodorsal carina straight along most of its length; mucron long and predominantly straight, not markedly thin, and with the apex (FT tooth) slightly curved towards the venter. Movable finger MP tooth pronounced, markedly higher than MSM and MM ( Figs. 8–11 , 15–16 ); MSM tooth higher and broader ( Figs. 8 , 9–11 , 15–16 ); MM tooth approximately as broad as high, triangular, similar in size as MSM ( Figs. 10 , 15–16 ). Chelicera, prolateral surface with carpet-like field of barbled and bristle-like promedial (pm) setae covering the distalmost third of manus ( Figs. 5 , 11 ). Flagellum drop-like, moderately inflated posteriorly and medially; ventral margin slightly sinuous ( Figs. 7 , 12 ). Flagellum with minute spicules along prodorsal margin only ( Fig. 7 ); apex of the flagellum reaching two thirds of the mucron length from the base ( Figs. 7 , 12 ); apex very narrow without distinct spicules ( Fig. 7 ).

Female paratype (CHNUFPI 2510). The coloration of the specimen has faded. Similar to males for most morphological aspects but larger in size; morphometric values in Table 1 . Chelicera on lateral aspect, fixed finger highest elevation at level of FD tooth. Fixed finger robust, markedly curved towards the venter. Movable finger MP tooth moderately higher than MM tooth; MM higher than MSM ( Figs. 13–14 ); movable finger retrolateral carina similarly developed to that of male.

Notes. All the chelicerae of examined males (n = 14 chelicerae), females (n = 10) and juveniles (n = 8) were confirmed to lack the fixed finger FSD tooth. The FD tooth is broken in both chelicerae of two males (CHNUFPI 2475 and 2503).

Distribution. Gaucha cabriola sp. nov. is known from Itacuruba, State of Pernambuco, and Jaicós, State of Piauí, both in Northeastern Brazil ( Fig. 17 ). Both localities are inserted within the Brazilian Caatinga, a semiarid biome.

Figures

FIGURE 17. Known geographical distribution of Gaucha gr. ibirapemussu species, including Gaucha cabriola sp. nov. (red pentagon) and the new record of Gaucha ibirapemussu (red square). Records shown in yellow are previously published confirmed records (Botero-Trujillo et al., 2017).

FIGURES 1–4. Gaucha cabriola sp. nov. 1. Male paratype, habitus, dorsal aspect (CHNUFPI 2604). 2. Male paratype, propeltidium and chelicerae, dorsal aspect (CHNUFPI 2604). 3. Male paratype, opisthosoma, lateral aspect (UFMG 23063). 4. Male paratype, opisthosoma, 3rd and 4th post-genital sternites (CHNUFPI 2604). Scale bars: 2 mm (1); 1 mm (3); 0.5 mm (2), 0.2 mm (4).

FIGURES 5–8. Gaucha cabriola sp. nov., right chelicera of male paratype under SEM (CHNUFPI 2604). 5. Prolateral aspect. 6. Retrolateral aspect. 7. Detail of flagellum, prolateral aspect. 8. Detail of movable and fixed fingers, retrolateral aspect. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (5–6); 0.2 mm (7–8).

FIGURES 9–14. Gaucha cabriola sp. nov., right chelicerae of male (CHNUFPI 2604) and female (CHNUFPI 2510) paratypes. 9–10. Retrolateral aspect of male chelicera. 11. Prolateral aspect of male chelicera. 12. Detail of flagellum, prolateral aspect. 13. Retrolateral aspect of female chelicera. 14. Prolateral aspect of female chelicera. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (9, 11); 0.2 mm (10, 12–14).

FIGURES 15–16. Gaucha cabriola sp. nov., schematic representation of the male cheliceral morphology in retrolateral (15) and prolateral (16) views.Abbreviations: FD, fixed finger, distal tooth; FM, fixed finger, medial tooth; FP, fixed finger, proximal tooth; FT, fixed finger, terminal tooth; io, ipsilateral opening; MM, movable finger, medial tooth; MP, movable finger, proximal tooth; MSM, movable finger, submedial tooth; MT, movable finger, terminal tooth; PFM, profondal medial tooth; PFP, profondal proximal tooth; pic, prolateral interdigital condyle; ric, retrolateral interdigital condyle; RFA, retrofondal apical tooth; RFM, retrofondal medial tooth; RFP, retrofondal proximal tooth; RFSP, retrofondal subproximal tooth. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.