Phytoliriomyza iriomotensis Kato, 2022

Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna & Imada, Yume, 2022, Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts, ZooKeys 1133, pp. 1-164 : 1

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7A37FE0-DC2A-4ECC-A6A1-0E873C7C7A5A

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FDCB8114-D244-48A4-A86F-D4A04D22AC21

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:FDCB8114-D244-48A4-A86F-D4A04D22AC21

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Phytoliriomyza iriomotensis Kato
status

sp. nov.

11. Phytoliriomyza iriomotensis Kato sp. nov.

Fig. 20 View Figure 20

Material examined.

Holotype: Japan: 1♂ (MK-AG-161), Yutsun, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref. (24.379°N, 123.883°E, 15 m asl), 25-I-2011 (as larva), emerged on 23-IV-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31949. Paratypes: Japan: 2♀ (MK-AG-164, a426), same data as holotype, emerged on 2-10-III-2011, NSMT-I-Dip 31950, 31951; 1♂1♀ (MK-AG-a591, a592), type locality, 18-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 16-21-XI-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31952, 31953.

Other material.

Japan: 1♀, Yutsun, Iriomote-Is. Yaeyama, Okinawa Pref., 8-XI-2021 (as larva), emerged on 17-XI-2021.

Diagnosis.

A small species (wing length 1.4-1.7 mm) having pruinose gray scutum and scutellum, brown 1st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, dark halteres, and yellow legs. Scutum lacks acrostichal setulae. Male epandrium lacks tubercle-like seta; distiphallus of male genitalia tapering apically. Larva mines the thallus of Asterella liukiuensis .

Description.

Adult male (Fig. 20A-E View Figure 20 ).

Head: Head light yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, frons brownish yellow, back of head dark brown (Fig. 20C View Figure 20 ). Antenna porrect, first flagellomere, pedicel and scape brown (Fig. 20B View Figure 20 ). Arista subbasal, black pubescent. Clypeus, face, gena, parafacial and postgena light yellow. Proboscis normal, light yellow; palpus light yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 20C View Figure 20 ). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 20D View Figure 20 ). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row.

Thorax: Thorax pruinose. Scutum and scutellum dark brown (Fig. 20B View Figure 20 ). Mediotergite brown, anatergite with circular brown patches on venter, and katatergite yellow (Fig. 20E View Figure 20 ). Pleuron largely pale yellow, katepisternum and meron with large brown patches on venter (Fig. 20B View Figure 20 ). Haltere brown with pale yellow stalk. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments dark yellow; tibia and tarsus darker (Fig. 20A View Figure 20 ). Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 20D View Figure 20 ). Acrostichal setulae lacking. Wing: Wing length 1.4 mm, costa reaching M1 (Fig. 20A View Figure 20 ). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 2.0-2.4. M4 disappear before reaching wing margin.

Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellowish brown (Fig. 20E View Figure 20 ). Genitalia: (Fig. 20G-J View Figure 20 ) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; posterior end of inner margin with a tubercle-like seta; inner-lateral margin with three tubercle-like setae (Fig. 20H View Figure 20 ). Surstylus elongated, broad basally, sparsely setose apically (Fig. 20H View Figure 20 ). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite comprising a pair of plate-like arms (Fig. 20H View Figure 20 ). Hypandrium slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 20G View Figure 20 ). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically; upper lobe pointed apically, lower lobe rounded (Fig. 20I View Figure 20 ). Phallophorus with deep incision below, articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 20G, I View Figure 20 ). Basiphallus longer than mesophallus, dorsally sclerotized (Fig. 20G View Figure 20 ). Hypophallus broad, membranous, medially with a pair of fused sclerites (Fig. 20G, I View Figure 20 ). Paraphallus absent. Mesophallus short, sclerotized dorsally and ventrally in basal 2/3; shorter than distiphallus (Fig. 20G, I View Figure 20 ). Distiphallus comprising one pair of tubules; basal half dorsally pigmented, with small ventral sclerite basally, distal half unpigmented and tapering toward tip (Fig. 20G, I View Figure 20 ). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and narrow fan-shaped with long stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 20J View Figure 20 ).

Female (Fig. 20F View Figure 20 ). Similar to male, but slightly larger; scutum paler, abdomen dorsally paler, and legs paler than male. Wing length 1.7 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 20K View Figure 20 ) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous. Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, 1/3 length of cercus.

Etymology.

The specific name refers to the type locality, Iriomote Island.

Japanese name.

Okinawasaihaigoke-hamoguribae.

Host plant.

Asterella liukiuensis ( Aytoniaceae ).

Mine.

Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus in early instars, later entering the midrib, and pupating there (Fig. 20M-O View Figure 20 ).

Biological notes.

The habitats of this species are rocky stream banks in subtropical evergreen forests (Fig. 20L View Figure 20 ).

Distribution.

Japan (Honshu). Recorded only from Iriomote Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago (Fig. 21 View Figure 21 ).

Remarks.

This species resembles P. ugetsu , P. ricciae and P. phaeocerotis in having a wholly dark scutum and yellow maxillary palpus; it is distinguished from P. ugetsu by its small size (wing length 1.4 -1.7 mm in P. iriomotensis ; 2.1-2.7 mm in P. ugetsu in wing length), and from P. ricciae and P. phaeocerotis by the dark brown legs (legs pale brown in the latter two species).

In Japan, six Asterella species are distributed in limited areas in central Honshu and Okinawa and Yaeyama Islands, and almost all of them are endangered ( Ministry of the Environment Japan 2015). It is remarkable that such rare liverwort species are associated with specific agromyzid species.

Species associated with Reboulia