Bilia burma Yasunaga & Yamada

Yasunaga, Tomohide, Yamada, Kazutaka, Soe, Zayar & Naing, Shine Shane, 2016, First records of two flower bug genera from Myanmar (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae: Anthocorinae: Oriini), with description of a new species of Bilia, Zootaxa 4158 (4), pp. 544-556 : 546-549

Bilia burma Yasunaga & Yamada , sp. nov.

( Figs. 1−6 , 8−11 , 25−26 , 32 )

Type material. Holotype Ƌ, Myanmar: Yangon: Pyay Road, National Museum Garden , 16°47'17.20" N 96°08'33.66" E, 180 m, with a coccid on leaf of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. , 17 Oct 2015, T. Yasunaga et al. ( AMNH _PBI 00380431) ( TKPM) . Paratypes: 1 Ƌ 1 ♀, same data as for holotype ( AMNH _PBI 00380432−00380433) ( TYCN) ; 12 ♀♀, same data, without USI labels ( AMNH, TKPM, TYCN) .

Diagnosis. Recognized by its small size; shiny, coffee-brown dorsum with paler lateral margins; enlarged compound eyes in males; comparatively wide pronotum with callus interrupted at midline; J-shaped paramere, medially with a slender, apically hooked dorsal process (flagellum). Very similar in the external morphology to B. castanea ; distinguished by above-mentioned diagnostic characters (in castanea , the body is larger and almost entirely pale yellowish brown, and the hooked process on the paramere more elongate). Fifth instar nymph ( Fig. 6 ): Recognized by its tortoise-shaped, rounded body, with narrowly lamellate lateral margin; shiny chocolate-brown basic coloration; well-polished, sub-glabrous dorsum; creamy yellow antennae and legs; and yellow lateral margins of pronotum and wing-pads.

Description. Male: Body generally coffee-brown, rounded, tortoise-shaped; dorsal surface shining, with uniformly distributed, simple, sericeous setae. Head shiny dark brown, with sparsely distributed, silky, erect setae; compound eye relatively developed; ocellus rather large, with diameter a little greater than thickness of antennal segment I. Antennae yellowish brown, generally short; segment II slightly clavate; segment III and IV tinged with red or brown. Labium yellow; first visible segment I darkened. Pronotum shining, finely punctate, with a pale reddish-brown, lamellate lateral margin rather rounded at humeri; callus somewhat concave (depressed?) medially; pleura reddish dark brown; scent efferent system fuscous; scutellum shiny fuscous, narrowly and transversely rugose, slightly arched. Hemelytron weakly roughened, shallowly punctate; anterior 2/3 of exocorium reddish or yellowish brown; membrane pale grayish brown. All coxae shiny chestnut brown; all legs yellowish brown. Abdomen uniformly shiny coffee-brown. Genitalia ( Figs. 25 , 32 ): Paramere large, J-shaped, pointed apicad, with a median process (flagellum) hooked apically. Female: As in male, but body larger and broader; compound eye smaller; clypeus usually pale reddish brown; antennae more slender and shorter; and lateral carinae of pronotum wider. Genitalia ( Fig. 26 ): Copulatory tube wholly membranous, winding.

Measurements. ƋƋ / ♀♀: Total body length 1.37−1.60 / 1.40−1.72; length from apex of clypeus to cuneal fracture 0.85−1.00 / 0.89−1.03; width of head across compound eyes 0.44−0.46 / 0.39−0.45; width of vertex 0.18−0.19 / 0.21−0.23; lengths of antennal segments I −IV 0.07−0.08, 0.29−0.30, 0.20−0.23, 0.18−0.22 / 0.06−0.07, 0.21−0.24, 0.16−0.21, 0.20−0.22; mesal length of pronotum 0.29−0.30 / 0.30−0.33; basal width of pronotum 0.77−0.83 / 0.81−0.87; maximum width across hemelytron 0.86−0.90 / 0.93−0.99; and length of hind femur, tibia and tarsus 0.41−0.45, 0.54−0.59, 0.14−0.15/ 0.39−0.43, 0.52−0.57, 0.13−0.15.

Etymology. Named for its occurrence in Burma ( Myanmar) ; a noun in apposition.

Remarks. The present new species was found to co-exist with an unidentified coccid and a tingid, Monosteira sp. ( Tingidae : Tinginae ) on leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Rhamnaceae) ( Figs. 1, 4, 7 ). We assume that Bilia burma preys on the coccid, whereas any ecological relationship between the anthocorid and tingid remains unclear.

Figures

FIGURES 1 − 7. Bilia burma, habitat, habitus images and a tingid co-occurring in same niche. 1, Adult female (arrowed) of Bilia burma on Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. 2, Bilia burma, female adult. 3, Ditto, male. 4, Ditto, male (left) and female adults (center), with a coccid (right). 5, Ditto, male adult. 6, Ditto, fifth instar nymph. 7, Monosteira sp. (Tingidae). All images taken on Oct 17, 2015.

FIGURES 8 − 13. Bilia burma (8 − 11) and B. castanea (12 − 13), head and pronotum in dorsal view (8 − 10, 12 − 13) and whole body in left lateral view (11). 8, Holotype male (AMNH _ PBI 00380431). 9, Paratype male (00380432). 10 − 11, 13, Female. 12, Male.

FIGURES 24 − 28. Male (24 − 25, 27 − 28) and female (26) genitalia of Bilia castanea (24), B. burma n. sp. (25 − 26), B. pilosa Yasunaga (from Japan) (27), and Wollastoniella rotunda (28), named on the figures.

FIGURE 29 − 35. Schematic lineages shown with male parameres and female copulatory tube (29, 31 – 34) of five representative genera. 29, Kitocoris hahajima Yasunaga (redrawn from Yasunaga 2000). 30, Montandoniola pictipennis (Esaki) (from Ya mada et al., 2010 b). 31, Orius minutus (L.) (from Yasunaga 1997 b). 32, Bilia burma n. sp. 33, Wollastoniella parvicuneis Yasunaga (from Yasunaga 1995). 34, W. rotunda Miyamoto & Yasunaga (from Miyamoto & Yasunaga 1993). 35, Hypothesized intermediate condition between Bilia and Wollastoniella. Scale bars 0.05 mm.