Rhea americana (Linnaeus, 1758)
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00533.x |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5492307 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F4D879C-757F-FF9F-F857-FD5BD2C9FA86 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Rhea americana |
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Stage 34 ( Fig. 1I)
No ossification is present at this stage. The prenasal process is slightly swollen at its tip, and is only slightly longer than Meckel’s cartilage. The roof of the nasal tectum has grown posteriorly, dorsal to the orbits. The pars canaliculi of the auditory capsule is prominent, encompassing the entire lateral posterior margin of the skull. The contact between the two rami of Meckel’s cartilage is relatively narrow.
Stage 35
The contact between the two rami of Meckel’s cartilage becomes broader in this stage. The squamosal, palatine, vomer, pterygoid, jugal, and quadratojugal are ossifying. The lacrimal is ossifying, beginning from its orbital process. The frontal process of the premaxilla is ossifying, as is the jugal process of the maxilla. The supra-angular and angular are ossified in the lower jaw. This is followed by the ossification of the parasphenoid rostrum.
Stage 37 ( Fig. 2C View Figure 2 )
The nasal is ossifying, as are the splenial, prearticular, and dentary. The jugal process of the premaxilla is ossified, but is not fused with the frontal process. The maxilla is triradiate. There are two independent, parallel ossification centres posterior to the parasphenoid rostrum; these represent the initiation of ossification of the parasphenoid lamina. The squamosal forms a process that parallels the otic process of the quadrate.
Stage 38 (late)
The parietal and frontal are ossifying, as are the quadrate and the ceratobranchials.
Stage 40+
Day 22: The supraoccipital is ossifying from a single centre. The parasphenoid alae are ossifying, as is the basisphenoid. The lacrimal is triradiate. Although the nasal lacks a descending process, the ascending process of the maxilla in R. americana is much better developed than in D. novaehollandiae . There is a hole located in the middle of the squamosal, perhaps because of osteological restructuring caused by muscle development, as hypothesized for Meleagris gallopavo ( Maxwell, 2008a) .
Day 26 ( Fig. 1J): The basioccipital, exoccipital, laterosphenoid, prootic, opisthotic, epiotic, and mesethmoid are ossifying. The lamina dorsalis of the mesethmoid is ossifying from paired ossification centres, rather than from a single median centre. The prearticular has developed a second ossification centre, located along the posterior edge of the articular cartilage.
Day 28: The facial region of the skull has become extremely elongate. The articular is ossifying, and the dermal bones of the skull roof are in contact.
Day 30: The opisthotic and epiotic have developed large lateral exposures ( Fig. 2D View Figure 2 ).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.