Sticherus lanuginosus (Moric. ex Fée) Nakai (1950: 20)

Lima, Lucas Vieira & Salino, Alexandre, 2018, The fern family Gleicheniaceae (Polypodiopsida) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 358 (3), pp. 199-234 : 218-220

3.5. Sticherus lanuginosus (Moric. ex Fée) Nakai (1950: 20) . Figs. 6D , 7J–N , 8A .

Gleichenia lanuginosa Moric. ex Fée (1869: 202) . Gleichenia pennigera (Mart.) T. Moore var. lanuginosa (Moric. ex Fée) Moore (1862: 381) nomen nudum. Type:— BRAZIL. Bahia: without date, Blanchet 3706 (lectotype designated here, P [P00625760] photo!, isolectotypes [P00625761], [P00625762] photos!, BR [BR0000006971571; BR0000006972226] photos!, B [B 20 0139890], [B 20 0139891] photos!, K! [K000589319], NY! [NY00144751] photo!). Remaining syntype: BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Ponte Alta, St.- Hilaire B’273 (P [P01346675] photos!).

Plants terrestrial. Rhizomes 3.15–5.2 mm thick, with brown, rigid, narrow-triangular scales, apex attenuate, base truncate, margins dentate with short to long-ciliate apex. Fronds erect, 3–5 times forked, petiole 2.5–6 mm thick, ultimate branches 4.5–18.5 × 0.6–3 cm, linear-lanceolate, apex pinnatifid, base truncate, abaxial surface densely scaly on the rachis, scales stramineous, triangular, apex filiform, base truncate, margins long-ciliate, adaxial surface sparse to densely covered by arachnoid scales, segments linear 0.5–2 × 0.15–0.35 cm, margins strongly revolute, abaxial surface with arachnoid scales on midrib, secondary veins and laminar tissue. Buds with light-brown, triangular scales, apex filiform, base truncate, margins long-fimbriate, pseudoestipule present. Veins 1-forked. Sori medial, without paraphyses.

Distribution and habitat: — Brazil (Bahia, Distrito Federal, Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Hispaniola, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela. In Brazil, this species occurs along roads, trails and forest edges in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest domains at 500–1850 m.

Notes: — Sticherus lanuginosus differs from the other Brazilian species of Sticherus by having erect fronds with strongly ascendant branches, rhizome scales with margins dentate and a few apical cilia, and bud scales long-fimbriate. It forms large populations in the south and southeast of the country and smaller and disjunct populations in the northeast and midwest.

In the original description of Gleichenia lanuginosa, Fée cited three different collections, Blanchet 3706, Claussen 88 and St.-Hilaire B’ 273. We found nine specimens of Blanchet’s collection, none of Claussen’s, and one of St.- Hilaire’s. The Blanchet collections were located in P (three), BR (two), B (two), and one each in K and NY. The K specimen has an original label of Blanchet, but without his signature. The NYspecimen doesn’t have the original label of Blanchet, but only a transcript label with a Morics signature. The BR material of Blanchet’s collection both have transcript labels and are from Herbarium Martii. The B specimens have original labels but it lacks Blanchet’s signature. At P, we found one complete specimen with original label with Blanchet’s signature and here we choose it as lectotype since the other two specimens at P both have an original label but lack Blanchet’s signature. Regarding the St.-Hilaire collection, we found one specimen at P under the name Gleichenia ramosissima with a handwritten description, as cited in the original protologue of Mertensia lanuginosa . In this case, G. ramosissima it is not a valid name, since it has not been published.

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Bahia: Andaraí, Igatu, 25 August 2009, Pedro et al. 2911 (NY); Caetité, Serra geral a 15 km de Caetité, 14°05’19”S, 42°30’19”W, Guedes 10330 (CEPEC); Camacan, Fazenda Serra Bonita, 9, 7 km de Camacan na estrada de Camacan para Jacarecí, 6 km na estrada para a Reserva e Torre da Embratel, 15°23’30”S, 39°33’55”W, 885 m, 10 July 2005, Matos et al. 54 (UPCB); Lençóis, Trilha Lençóis/Capão, próximo à Cachoeira Estrela do Céu, 12°34’11”S, 41°25’03”W, 800 m, Passos s. n. (CEPEC 74853); Rio de Contas, Pico das Almas 25 km do centro da cidade em direção ao Campo do Queiroz, 13°33’S, 41°57’W, 1850 m, 26 February 2006, Matos et al. 1041 (UPCB). Distrito Federal: Brasília, APA-Gama e Cabeça de Veado. R.A. do Núcleo Bandeirante, Área vizinha à Associação dos Empregados da Embrapa, 15º54’52”S, 47º57’45”W, 29 April 2003, Fonseca 4649 (RB). Espírito Santo: Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Vargem Alta, 23 August 1948, Brade 19352 (RB); Cariacica, Floresta na beira da estrada para a localidade de Alegre, 20º18’9”S, 40º28’55”W, 500 m, 16 February 2008, Labiak et al. 4662 (RB); Castelo, Parque Estadual Forno Grande, 1130 m, 25 June 2008, Salino et al. 13537 (BHCB); Marechal Floriano, Sítio Almir Bressan, 20°24’47.0”S, 40°40’59.0”W, 700 m, 12 July 1988, Pereira 1617 (VIES); Nova Venécia, Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, entorno da reserva, na estrada de acesso a São Paulo Viana, 20°03’18”S, 40°32’04’’W, 575 m, 05 May 2008, Amorim et al. 7364 (RB). Goiás: Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Chapada dos Veadeiros, Portal da Chapada, 14º6’53”S, 47º35’58”W, 1164m, 06 October 2006, Rocha 64 (RB); Teresina de Goiás, 31 July 2000, Souza et al. 24769 (ESA). Minas Gerais: Chalé, Rio José Pedro, 20°02’48.1”S, 41°44’51.3”W, 371 m, 30 August 2009, Almeida 2063 (BHCB); Congonhas do Norte, Alto da Serra do Talhado, 18°50’43.0”S, 43°44’48.0”W, 1300 m, 07 August 2009, Almeida 2038 (BHCB); Lima Duarte, Parque Estadual de Ibitipoca , à beira da estrada para a ponte de pedra, 28 August 1992, Novelino 883 (CESJ); Ouro Preto, Lavras Novas, 21 January 1996, Salino 2422 (BHCB); Sapucaí-Mirim, 22°46’31.6”S, 45°49’59.6”W, 1549 m, 29 October 2008, Almeida 1528 (BHCB). Paraná: Curitiba, Parque Barigui, 25 August 1957, Lange 1032 (UPCB); Lapa, Fazenda do Uruguai, 23 May 1984, Rubia 98 (MBM); Piraquara, Mananciais da Serra, próximo ao Reservatório do Carvalho, 25°29’00.0”S, 48°59’00.0”W, 910 m, 05 June 2005, Matos et al. 604 (UPCB); Telêmaco Borba, Parque Ecológico da Klabin, Trilha Ecológica, 28 June 2004, Sakagami 64 (UPCB); Tibagi, Parque Estadual do Guartelá, 08 May 2010, Michelon et al. 809 (UPCB). Rio de Janeiro: Cachoeiras de Macacu, trilha entre Funchal e Guapiaçu, próximo Régua, 22º27’59”S, 42º45’18”W, 39 m, 21 October 2009, Baber 293 (RB); Paulo de Frontin, Morro Azul, Instituto Zoobotânico de Morro Azul (IZMA), estrada de acesso ao Sítio do Sérgio, 13 January 1999, Santos 1105 (RB); Petrópolis, Mata do Judeu, 800 m, 25 January 1969, Sucre 4495 (RB); Rio de Janeiro, Campo Grande, Serra do Medanha, 06 July 1977, Lins 99 (RB); Santa Maria Madalena, 24 November 1977, Carauta 2754 (RB). Rio Grande do Sul: Monte Belo do Sul, linha Santa Barbara Saúde, 29°09’46.1”S, 51°37’54.1”W, 600 m, 07 August 2011, Valduga 87 (HUCS); Muitos Capões, estrada para Lagoa Vermelha, 18 October 2014, Gonzatti 1317 (HUCS); Palmares do Sul, Estrada para Parque Eólico, Horto Florestal, 30°15’39.0”S 50°19’11.0”W, 10 m, 24 September 2012, Gonzatti 598 (FURB); Pinhal da Serra, São Cristóvão, 27°53’17.0”S, 51°06’43.9”W, 834 m, 03 February 2015, Gonzatti 1668 (HUCS); Santo Antônio da Patrulha, 29°55’52.2”S, 50°30’29.9”W, 72 m, 27 April 2014, Gonzatti 1167 (HUCS). Santa Catarina: Blumenau, Parque Nacional da Serra do Itajaí, 27°03’24.0”S, 49°05’16.0”W, 30 June 2007, Gasper 626 (FURB); Canoinhas, Rio dos Pardos, Serra da Morte, 26°22’53.0”S, 50°34’49.0”W, 112 m, 08 November 2007, Gasper 925 (FURB); Garuva, Alto Quiriri, 1200 m, 05 May 2005, Funez 4363 (FURB); Rio dos Cedros, estrada Palmeiras-Rio Bonito, próximo à Cascata Formosa, 26°33’34.5”S, 49°22’20.8”W, 789 m, 22 April 2016, Funez 4712 (FURB); Rio Rufino, rodovia que liga Urubici a Rio Rufino, 20 May 2009, Gasper 2116 (FURB). São Paulo: Cunha, Parque estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Cunha, 19 July 1996, Salino 3006 (UEC); Itirapina, Estação Ecológica do Instituto Florestal, Cerrado do Pedregulho, 06 July 1991, Salino et al. 913 (UEC); Jundiaí, Serra do Japi, Na trilha à esquerda antes de chegar na base da Reserva, indo para a Cachoeira Paraíso, 23°14’S, 46°56’W, 996 m, 13 November 2009, Prado et al. 2067 (UEC); São Miguel Arcanjo, Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, Núcleo São Miguel Arcanjo, 24°04’02.0”S, 42°58’08.0”W, 20 April 2002, Farias 627 (UEC); Vargem Grande Do Sul, Brejo ao lado da estrada, cerca de 5 km depois da cidade em direção a São Sebastião da Grama, 21°49’30.0”S, 46°57’15.0”W, Amaral s.n. (UEC 183839).

Figures

FIGURE 6. Distribution of five taxa of Sticherus in Brazil. A. Sticherus bifidus. B. S. brevitomentosus and S. holttumii. C. S. gracilis. D. S. lanuginosus.

FIGURE 7. A–E. Sticherus nigropaleaceus (Lima 20, CESJ). A. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. B. Rhizome scale. C. Bud scale. D. Rachis scale. E–I. S. paulistanus E. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. F. Rhizome scale. G. Bud scale. H. Rachis scale. I. Arachnoid scale of the abaxial side of the laminae. J–N. S. lanuginosus (Novelino s.n., CESJ 29978). J. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. K. Rhizome scale. L. Bud scale. M. Rachis scale. N. Arachnoid scale of the abaxial side of the laminae. O–R. S. longipinnatus (Maciel 780, BHCB). O. Detail of the abaxial segment surface. P. Rhizome scale. Q. Bud scale. R. Rachis scale. S. Anchor-shaped scale of the abaxial rachis surface.

FIGURE 8. Habit. A. Sticherus lanuginosus. B. S. longipinnatus. C. S. nigropaleaceus. D. S. paulistanus.