Noronhia introversa H. Perrier

Hong-Wa, Cynthia, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, Boissiera 70, pp. 1-292 : 135-136

38. Noronhia introversa H. Perrier in Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 295. 1949.

Typus: M ADAGASCAR. Prov. Toamasina: Forêt d’Analamazaotra, [18°56’S 48°26’E], 1934, Ursch 46 (holo-: P [ P00418117 ]!).

Description

Trees to 12 m tall, trunk to 15 cm diameter; young twigs cylindrical, 1.3-3.7 mm diame-ter, glabrous; bark white, sometimes very light gray, smooth. Leaves opposite, persistent; bud scales persistent; blades dark to medium green above, lighter below, oblong to ellip-tic, 7-27 3 2-7.5 cm, subcoriaceous, glabrous, domatia casual, base acute, margin slightly revolute and undulate, apex acute to acuminate, the acumen 1-20 mm long, midrib sunken above, distinctly raised below, secondary veins conspicuous, 7-16 per side, 8-26 mm apart, looping 2-8 mm from the margin; petiole light gray to white, 5-22 3 1.5-7 mm, entirely woody, glabrous. Thyrses fasciculate, pauciflorous, compact; peduncle 5-17 mm long, moderately pubescent; pedicel 5-10 mm long, moderately pubescent; calyx moderately pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes triangular, 1.5-3 3 1.2-2.5 mm; corolla pink, sometimes tinged orange-red, oblong to slightly campanulate, 3.5-8 mm long, glabrous on both sides, the tube 2-6 mm long, lobes deltate apex obtuse; corona absent; stamens 1.5-2.5 mm long, anthers obconical, 1-1.5 mm long; pistil 1.5-2.8 mm long, stigma bilobed. Fruiting pedicel 8-18 3 1.3-2.5 mm; young fruits green, dark red when mature, ovoid to subglobose, 13-27 3 10-25 mm, surface smooth, apex apiculate; dry pericarp 0.3-2.6 mm thick; endocarp woody; seed 11-18 3 9.5-13 mm.

Distribution, ecology and phenology

Noronhia introversa occurs in low- to high-elevation humid forests from the Masoala peninsula in the north to Midongy du Sud in the south ( Fig. 27 ). It produces flowers and fruits from June to February.

Conservation status

Twenty-four collections representing 22 localities were available for the assessment, which resulted in an EOO of 49,227 km 2, an AOO of 88 km 2, and 16 subpopulations representing 13 locations, of which 10 occur within protected areas (Analamazaotra, Betampona, Corridor Ankeniheny-Zahamena, Mananara-Nord, Makira, Mantadia, Masoala, Midongy du Sud, Ranomafana, and Zahamena). With an actual AOO likely much larger than 2,000 km 2 and many locations scattered within a large EOO, N. intro-versa is assigned a preliminary status of “Least Concern”.

Notes

Noronhia introversa can be recognized by its whitish bark, subcoriaceous leaf blades, and pink to red flowers that lack a corona. It differs from N. grandifolia by the color of its bark (white to light gray vs. light brown) and flowers (pink tinged orange-red vs. purplish tinged yellow), the shape of its corolla (oblong to campan-ulate vs. subrotate), and the texture of its endocarp (woody vs. crustaceous).

136 Boissiera 70

Additional specimens examined

MADAGASCAR. Prov. Fianarantsoa: Ranomafana PN, Parcelle 1, Ambatoharanana , 21°16’S 47°27’E, 800-1000 m, 28.XII.1993, Kotozafy 444 ( G, K, MO, P) ; ibid. loc., 21°16’S 47°26’E, 980 m, 5.XII.1994, Kotozafy & Rasabo 860 ( K, MO, P, TAN) ; Befotaka-Midongy PN, 23°44’01”S 47°01’50”E, 714 m, 23.IX.2005, Rakotovao et al. 2286 ( MO, TAN) ; Andrambovato, Parcelle B4 , [21°31’S 47°25’E], 878-1000 m, 10. VI.1954, Service Forestier 14413 ( MO, P, TEF) . Prov. Toamasina: Nosy Mangabe , 15°29’49”S 49°45’20”E, 0-320 m, 5.XII.1998, Abdul-Salim et al. 30 ( MO) ; Maroant-setra, Ambinanitelo, Marovovonana , 15°19’34”S 49°31’15”E, 298 m, 29.VIII.2004, Antilahimena 2628 ( MO, P) ; Mananara, Anandrivola, Antsiraben’i Ariena , Ambitsy forest , 15°51’49”S 49°30’35”E, 659 m, 27.VII.2007, Antilahimena 5738 ( MO, P, TAN) ; Andasibe-Mantadia PN, 18°50’16”S 48°25’54”E, 810 m, 20. VI.1996, Birkin-shaw et al. 301 ( G, MO, P) ; Analamazaotra RS, 18°56’S 48°25’E, 100 m, 5.XI.1985, Dorr 4344 ( MO, P, TAN) ; Mananara-Nord, Ivontaka-Sud , 16°20’S 49°48’E, 150 m, 22.XI.1989, Dumetz 1026 ( MO) ; Analamazaotra RS, 18°49’32”S 48°26’04”E, 941 m, 3. V.2010, Hong-Wa & Ortiz 656 ( MO, TAN) ; Ambatovy, forêt d’Ambatomainty , 18°52’37”S 48°17’04”E, 1028 m,2 6. II.2010, Ravelonarivo et al. 3385 ( MO, P, TAN) ; Maintimbato - Fénérive , 14.XII.1955, Réserves Naturelles 7772 ( MO, P, TEF) ; Nosy Mangabe , 15°30’S 49°06’E, 0-330 m, 13-19.XII.1989, Schatz 2846 ( MO, P, TAN) ; Soanierana-Ivongo , [16°54’S 49°35’E], 27.XII.1949, Service Forestier 2494 ( P, TAN, TEF) ; Masoala Peninsula, Ambanizana , 15°40’24”S 49°57’51”E, 110-260 m, 25.XI.1994, Vasey & Velo 138 ( MO, P, TAN).

Figures

Fig. 27. Distribution maps of species of Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars. N. intermedia Hong-Wa to N. macrocarpa Hong-Wa.