Noronhia incurvifolia (H. Perrier)

Hong-Wa, Cynthia, 2016, A taxonomic revision of the genus Noronhia Stadtm. ex Thouars (Oleaceae) in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands, Boissiera 70, pp. 1-292 : 127-128

35. Noronhia incurvifolia (H. Perrier) Hong-Wa & Besnard in Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 67: 376. 2013 ( Fig. 25 ).

≡ Linociera incurvifolia H. Perrier in Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 2: 280. 1949.

≡ Chionanthus incurvifolius (H. Perrier) Stearn in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 80: 199. 1980.

Lectotypus (designated here): MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: collines et plateaux calcaires de l’Ankarana, près d’Ambodimagodro , [13°01’S 49°08’E], 150-200 m, XII.1937 - I.1938, Humbert 19011 ( P [ P03559141 ]!; isolecto-: BR [ BR0000006266523 ] image seen, G [ G00014068 ] image seen, K [ K000233205 ] image seen, P [ P03559139 , P03559142 ]!) . Syntypi: MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: env. de Diégo-Suarez, [12°16’S 49°19’E], Alleizette s.n. ( P, not found); Ankarana , près d’Ambondrofe , [12°49’S 49°01’E], 250 m, XII.1937 - I.1938, Humbert 18912 ( BR [ BR0000006267841 ] image seen, G [ G00014068 ] image seen, P [ P00413212 , P00413213 ]!) .

Description

Shrubs to trees to 13 m tall, trunk to 15 cm diameter; young twigs cylindrical, 0.7-2.3 mm diameter, glabrous; bark medium brown, smooth, sometimes lenticellate. Leaves opposite, persistent; bud scales rarely persistent; blades medium green above, lighter below, lanceolate to ovate, usually abaxially folded along the midvein and curved, 6-10 3 1.5-3.5 cm, coriaceous, glabrous, domatia absent, base rounded to acute, margin flat to slightly undulate, apex acuminate, the acumen 4-15 mm long, midrib flat above, raised below, secondary veins conspicuous mostly below, 7-21 per side, 5-12 mm apart, looping 1-3 mm from the margin; petiole yellowish, 10-20 3 0.6-1.5 mm, not woody, glabrous. Thyrses geminate, pauciflorous, somewhat diffuse; peduncle 16-22 mm long, sparsely pubescent; pedicel 0.7-3 mm long, sparsely pubescent; calyx sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside, lobes triangular, 0.7-1 3 0.7-1 mm; corolla white, subrotate, petals almost free, 3-4.5 mm long, glabrous on both sides, the tube 0.5-1 mm long, lobes ovate, apex slightly acute; corona absent; stamens 1.8-3 mm long, anthers oblong, 1.4-2.2 mm long; pistil 1.4-2.2 mm long, stigma bilobed. Fruiting pedicel 2.5-11 3 1-2.5 mm; young fruits green, brownish when mature, ovoid, 18.5-23 3 10.5-16 mm, surface slightly ribbed, sometimes covered with a white pellicle, apex rostrate, the rostrum flattened, ridged, truncate; dry pericarp 0.4-0.9 mm thick; endocarp woody; seed 13-14 3 7.5-11 mm.

Distribution, ecology and phenology

Noronhia incurvifolia occurs in low-elevation dry forests on lavas and limestones in northern Madagascar, from Antsisikala to Ankarana ( Fig. 19 ). It produces flowers and fruits from September to March.

128 Boissiera 70

Conservation status

Ten collections representing 10 localities were available for analysis, which resulted in an EOO of 912 km 2, an AOO of 36 km 2, and six subpopulations representing five locations, of which two occur within a protected area (Ankarana). Noronhia incurvifolia is now mostly found in heavily modified habitat as a result of expanding agriculture and traditional grazing. Therefore, with a restricted distribution and continuing decline in habitat quality as well as projected habitat loss in the near future, N. incurvifolia is assigned a preliminary status of “Endangered” [EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v) +2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)].

Notes

Noronhia incurvifolia can be recognized by its non-woody petioles, folded and curved leaf blades, short pedicels, subrotate to rotate, white flowers that lack a corona, and distinctly rostrate fruits. This species was based on three syntypes ( Alleizette s.n., Humbert 19011 and 19012). However , the citation of Humbert 19012 in the protologue was in fact a typographic error for Humbert 18912, which PERRIER DE LA BâTHIE (1952) corrected in the “Flore des Madagascar et des Comores”. While he annotated the single sheet of Humbert 18912 in the Paris herbarium as the type, because of the mistake in the protologue, I have chosen to designate one of the sheets of Humbert 19011 as the lectotype in order to assure strict compliance with the Code (Art. 9.2 and 9.12; M CNEILL et al., 2012). Both Humbert 18912 and 19011 comprise good quality specimens and are represented by several duplicates .

Additional specimens examinated

MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Ankarana RS, 10 km E de Matsaborimanga, 12°54’59”S 49°06’24”E, 180 m, 6.VII.1994, Andrianantoanina & Rabeharinosy 717 ( K, MO, TAN) ; Mosorolava, Mahagaga, forêt d’Analabe , 12°45’46”S 49°00’42”E, 76 m, 23.IX.2007, Andriamihajarivo et al. 1401 ( G, MO, P, TAN) ; Ankarana, from Campement des Anglais towards Lac Vert , 12°50’47”S 49°06’18”E, 82 m, 26. V.1999, De Block 1020 ( BR, G, MO, P, TAN, WAG) ; Ankarana, near Mahamasina, from Perte d’Eau to Campement de Prince , 12°50’47”S 49°06’18”E, 82 m, 15. I.2002, De Block 1243 ( BR, G, MO, P, TAN, WAG) ; Ankarana, near Campement des Anglais , 12°54’S 49°08’E, 150 m, 29. I.1994, Leeuwenberg 14340 ( MO, TAN) ; Ankarana RS, 12°51’S 49°04’E, 100-200 m, 22-26.XI.1992, Malcomber et al. 1904 ( K, MO, P) ; Andranovondronina, Antsisikala, forêt d’Analabe , 12°11’49”S 49°11’51”E, 184 m, 11.XII.2005, Randrianaivo et al. 1330 ( CNARP, MO, P, TAN) ; Mosorolava, Ampombiantambo , 12°41’24”S 48°56’59”E, 75 m, 27.IX.2007, Ratovoson et al. 1361 ( CNARP, G, MO, P, TAN) ; Ankarana , [12°49’S 49°01’E], 11.III.1954, Service Forestier 9387 ( MO, TEF) .

Figures

Fig. 25. Noronhia incurvifolia (H. Perrier) Hong-Wa & Besnard [Ratovoson 1361].

Fig.19. Distribution maps of species of Noronhia Stadtm.ex Thouars.N.edentata (H.Perrier) Hong-Wa to N.insularis (Labat,M.PignaL & O. PascaL) Hong-Wa & Besnard.