Charterginus fulvus Fox, 1898

Somavilla, Alexandre, Aragão, Marcos, Barroso, Paulo Cézar Salgado, Menezes, Rodolpho Santos Telles & Carpenter, James M., 2023, Taxonomic notes on the genus Charterginus Fox, 1898 (Vespidae: Polistinae: Epiponini) with images of the type specimens and new occurrence records, Zootaxa 5353 (2), pp. 143-152 : 146-147

Charterginus fulvus Fox, 1898

( Figures 2 A–B , 7 B–D , 8 )

Charterginus fulvus Fox, 1898 , Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad.: 458, 459, female - “ Brazil. Santarem” (Pittsburgh); also from Mararú—Dalla Torre, 1904, Gen. Ins. 19: 85 (cat.)— Ducke, 1905, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, Pará 4: 669, pl. II fig. 7a-b (nest); 1910, Ann. Hist.-Nat. Mus. Natl. Hung. 8: 467 (key; Brazil; Peru)— Bequaert, 1938, Rev. Entomol., Rio de Janeiro 9: 103 ( Brazil: Pará; Peru — Richards, 1978, Soc. Wasps Am.: 128 (key), 131, fig. 67—Overal, 1978, Bol. Mus. Para. Emílio Goeldi (N. S.), Zool. 94: 9 (list)—Carpenter and van der Vecht, 1991, Ann. Carnegie Mus. 60 (3): 221 (designation of lectotype) - Sarmiento, 1994, Rev. Biol. Trop. 42 (1/2): 358 (list)— Kojima and Carpenter, 1998, Entomol. Sci. 1: 420, figs. 18-19 (morphology)— Andena et al., 2009, Journal of Natural History. 43: 1183–1193 (phylogeny, key).

Polybia fulva ; Ducke, 1904, Bol. Mus. Goeldi, Pará 4: 340, pl. 1 fig. 3 (in subgenus Charterginus ; male, nest; Brazil).

Diagnosis. Length 8.0–9.0 mm., length fore wing 8.0– 8.5 mm.

Yellowish species, with an orange aspect, occasionally with few black markings on head and mesosoma, usually in scutum, and may have a black mark on tergum II; wings subhyaline, costal region blackish. Pubescence orange, mostly appressed but a little longer. Metasomal terga I and II with sparse and small punctation. Clypeus longer than wide, apex truncate; gena narrow, less than half width of eyes; occiput margined; occipital carina dorsal only, not projecting; humeri rounded, not projecting, sometimes very lightly projecting; tegula hardly more than twice as long as broad, posterior margin truncate; metanotum compressed; metanotum with a tubercle, tubercle narrow, slightly rounded apically; propodeal orifice narrowed, rounded dorsally; metasomal tergum I petiolate, transversely widened posteriorly, without preapical transverse carina or transverse carina evanescent when present; tergum II without apico-discal tubercle, or sometimes a mere trace.

Comments. We examined a paratype from the same type locality: Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Charterginus fulvus nests have often been described (see Richards 1978, Wenzel 1998), and more recently the behavioral traits of its nesting biology, especially the construction processes of the nest envelope and the materials used, like information about envelope, white spotting, hollow points, ridges and overall shape of the nest were reported ( Borges et al. 2017). The nest was photographed at AMNH and in Amazonas ( Fig. 7B–D ). Charterginus fulvus was reported collecting Mullerian bodies from Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol. trees in Belém, Pará ( Felizardo et al. 2017), and an unidentified Cecropia Loef. species in Manaus, Amazonas (de Aguiar et al., in press).

Type material examined: Paratype ♀: BRAZIL: [Pará], Santarem, M.C. Z Cotype [label], Charterginus fulvus Fox [label], NHMUK 010817938 ( NHM) .

Additional material examined: BRAZIL: Acre, UFAC Campus , 9º57’S 67º52’W, 80m, 3.x.1998, Carpenter J. (col.) (27♀ AMNH) , Bujari, FES Antimary , 9°20’S 68°19’W, 3.vii-8.ix.2016, Malaise, E.F. Morato & J.A. Rafael (col.) (♀ INPA) ; Amazonas, Careiro Castanho , BR 319 , 4°12’S- 60°49’W, 05-07.x.2016, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier (col.) (♀ INPA) , Manaus , ZF2, 2°35’S 60°06’W, 03-06.vii.2015, Malaise trap, Carmo & Xavier (col.) (♀ INPA) , Novo Airão , -60.9439, -26208; 30.viii.2011, J.A. Rafael (col.) Nest (7♀ INPA) , Novo Aripuanã, Estrada para Apuí , 05°15’S 60°07’W, 18-25.viii.1999. Suspended trap, J. Vidal & A. Henrique (col.) (♀ INPA) , Tefé , 3°25’S 64°37’W, 01-21.vii.2017, Malaise trap, D.M.M. Mendes & J.A. Rafael (col) (2♀ INPA) , Mato Grosso, Barra do Tapirapo , 1-15.i.1966, Borys Malkin (col.) (27♀ AMNH) ; Pará , III.1912, Nest 30629 (9♀ AMNH) ; COLOMBIA: Meta Villa-Vicencio , v.1946 (♀ AMNH) ; ECUADOR: Napo Prov., 8 Km E. Mischualli, 450m, 26.xii.1987, Mike Huybensz (col.) (♀ AMNH) ; Napo, Tena, E. Rio Tena , 17.xii.1990, Carpenter J & Wenzel J (col.) Nest 901217- 11 (10♀ AMNH) ; Sucumbios Prov., Limoncocha , 00º24’S, 76º36’W, 12.vii.1970, M. Naumann (col.), Nest 45 (25♀ AMNH) ; 01.viii.1970, Nest 47 (10♀ AMNH) ; 03.viii.1970, Nest 48 (20♀ AMNH) ; 26.viii.1970, Nest 49 (30♀ AMNH) ; PERU: Dept Loreto, 80 Km Ne Iquitos , 21.xii.1990, Carpenter J & Wenzel J (col.) Nest 901221-3 (10♀ AMNH) ; San Martin, Tarapoto , 06º29’S 76º22’W, 350m, 16.iii.2009, C. Rasmussen (col.) (148♀ AMNH) ; Tingo Maria , 20-27.i.1968, A. Garcia & C. Peorter (col.) (♀ AMNH) ;

Distribution ( Fig. 8 ): Colombia:Amazonas, Caquetá, Putumayo; Ecuador: Napo, Sucumbios *; Peru: Apurimac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martin *; Brazil: Acre *, Amazonas, Maranh„o, Mato Grosso, Pará, Rondônia; Bolivia: Beni, Cochabamba.

Figures

FIGURE 7. Nests of Charterginus: A. Charterginus xanthura; B, C, D. Charterginus fulvus.

FIGURE 8. Map of the Neotropical Region showing the geographic distribution of Charterginus species.

FIGURES 1–3. 1. Charterginus carinatus (Zavattari, 1906); 2. Paratype of Charterginus fulvus Fox, 1898; 3. Paratype of Charterginus nevermanni Bequaert, 1938. A: lateral view. B: dorsal view.