Alfaro cultratus (Regan)

Lucinda, Paulo Henrique Franco & Reis, Roberto E., 2005, Systematics of the subfamily Poeciliinae Bonaparte (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae), with an emphasis on the tribe Cnesterodontini Hubbs, Neotropical Ichthyology 3 (1), pp. 1-60 : 37-38

Composition. Alfaro cultratus (Regan) and A. huberi (Fowler)

Distribution. Southern Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Western Panama.

Tribe Brachyrhaphini + Tribe Priapichthyini + Tribe Priapellini + Tribe Heterandriini + Tribe Gambusiini + Supertribe Poeciliini [Clade 125]

Diagnosis. Members of this clade share the following uniquely derived and unreversed features: (1) haemal arch and spine of vertebrae 13-17 in adult males modified into gonapophyses [47-2**]; and (2) lateral process on base of fifth middle analfin radial in adult males large [79-1**].

Additionally, they can be diagnosed by the following not uniquely derived and/or reversed features: (1) epiotic process longer than exoccipital process but not reaching first pleural rib [3- 1*]; (2) preorbital canal partially closed bearing two upper pores and a lower deep groove [9-1]; (3) three well-developed gonapophyses [48-1*]; (4) functional gonapophyses located on vertebrae 14, 15, and 16 [49-1*]; (5) gonactinost complex inclined forward, forming an angle wider than 90 º relative to the body longitudinal axis [68-2*]; (6) basal process on first gonactinost small [69-1*]; (7) second and third gonactinosts partially fused [72-2*]; (8) anal-fin posterior median radials (5 th to last one) in adult males not fused to respective proximal radials [77-0]; (9) one series of subdistal retrorse spines on R4p [114-1*]; (10) eight or more subdistal retrorse spines on R4p[116-1]; and (11) dark stripe present on median portion of dorsal fin [137-1].