Strobilanthes paniculata (Nees) Miq.

Kladwong, Pornchai & Chantaranothai, Pranom, 2024, Notes on Strobilanthes (Acanthaceae) with capitate inflorescences in Thailand, PhytoKeys 244, pp. 89-126 : 89-126

16. Strobilanthes paniculata (Nees) Miq. , Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 802. 1858.

Fig. 11 B

Goldfussia paniculata Nees in Compan. Bot. Mag. 2: 313. 1837. Type: Indonesia, Java, Hooker s. n. (lectotype E-GL [ E 00749036!] designated by Wood 1994 a, pg. 112).

Microstrobilus paniculatus (Nees) Bremek. , Verh. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch., Afd. Natuurk., Sect. 2. 41 (1): 250. 1944. Type: Based on Goldfussia paniculata Nees.

Strobilanthes deminuta S. Moore in J. Bot. 63: 78. 1925. Type: Indonesia, South Sumatra, Krui, 1880, Forbes 1929 (lectotype BM [ BM 0007933206!] designated by Bennett and Scotland 2003, pg. 46; isolectotype L [ L 0614259!]).

Strobilanthes subcapitata C. B. Clarke in J. D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India 4: 455. 1884. Type: Myanmar, Tenasserim, Helfer 6111 (lectotype K [ K 000883112!] designated here; isolectotypes K [ K 000883113!], P [ P 00719448 image!]).

Strobilanthes microcephala Benoist , Bull. Soc. Bot. France 80: 730. 1934. Type: Laos, Bolaven [Boloven], Poilane 15853 (lectotype P [ P 00719373 image!] designated here; isolectotypes A [ A 00286779 image], K [ K 001514870!, K 001514871!], P [ P 00719376 image!]).

Type.

Based on Goldfussia paniculata Nees

Distribution.

Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Indonesia.

Ecology.

Near stream in evergreen forest or bamboo forest; 10–1,000 m alt., flowering and fruiting from November to March.

Selected specimens examined.

Thailand, Peninsular: Chumphon, Lang Suan, 14 Feb 1927, Kerr 11939 ( BK, BM, K, KYO); ibid., 100 m alt., 1 Mar 1927, Kerr 12172 ( BK, BM, K); ibid., Siep Yuan, 10 m alt., 20 Dec 1928, Kerr 16236 ( BK, BM, K); Ranong, Kaper, 10 m alt., 17 Feb 1929, Kerr 16707 ( BK, BM, K); ibid., Khao Pawta Luang Kaeo, 400–1,000 m alt., 27 Feb 1983, Koyama et al. 33815 ( BKF, K, KYO- 3 sheets, L); ibid., Klong Naka WS, 80 m alt., 17 Nov 1973, Santisuk 593 ( BKF- 3 sheets); ibid., 23 Nov 1974, Indrapong 39 ( BKF); ibid., 30–50 m alt., 8 Dec 1979, Shimizu et al. 26398 ( BKF, KYO- 2); ibid., 30–230 m alt., 6–7 Jan 1990, Hoover 5072 ( E) & 5429 ( E); ibid., Kra Buri, 29 Feb 1968, Vacharapong 186 ( BK) & 190 ( BK); Surat Thani, Klong Sok, 14 Feb 1975, Damrongsak 159 ( BKF).

Preliminary conservation status assessment.

This species has an Extent of Occurrence ( EOO) of 1,739,203.963 km 2 and an Area of Occupancy ( AOO) of 28.000 km 2 and is assessed as Least Concern ( LC) following IUCN (2022).

Notes.

Strobilanthes paniculata resembles S. paniculiformis J. R. I. Wood in having a panicle of capitate inflorescences and glabrous bracts. It differs in having the obovate bracts and linear-obovate bracteoles vs. the ovate-orbicular bracts and obovate to narrowly obovate bracteoles in S. paniculiformis .

Helfer ’ s collection was cited in the protologue of S. subcapitata ( Clarke 1884) . This collection has three duplicates. Two of which were deposited at K [ K 000883112, K 000883113] and one housed at P [ P 00719448]. Both the duplicates at K have Clarke ’ s handwriting as follows: “ Strobilanthes subcapitata Clarke ”: but K 000883112 has more mature leaves. Therefore, we select this specimen as the lectotype.

The original protologue of S. microcephala was based on Poilane 15853 ( Benoist 1934). This collection has five duplicates one at A [ A 00286779], two at K [ K 001514870, K 001514871] and two at P [ P 00719373, P 00719376]. P 00719373 has more mature leaves and inflorescences; therefore, it is selected as the lectotype. The others are isolectotypes.

Figures

Figure 11. Distribution maps of Strobilanthes with capitate inflorescence in Thailand A S. graminea J. B. Imlay, S. hypomalla Benoist and S. kerrii Craib B S. paniculiformis J. R. I. Wood, S. paniculata (Nees) Miq. and S. phengklaii Kladwong & Chantar. C S. phyllocephala J. R. I. Wood & Scotland, S. phyllostachya Kurz and S. serpens (Nees) J. R. I. Wood & Scotland D S. speciosa Blume and S. squalens S. Moore.