Cyphorinus lawrencii (Sclater MS) Lawrence, 1863

LeCROY, M. A. R. Y., 2003, TYPE SPECIMENS OF BIRDS IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. PART 5. PASSERIFORMES: ALAUDIDAE, HIRUNDINIDAE, MOTACILLIDAE, CAMPEPHAGIDAE, PYCNONOTIDAE, IRENIDAE, LANIIDAE, VANGIDAE, BOMBYCILLIDAE, DULIDAE, CINCLIDAE, TROGLODYTIDAE, AND MIMIDAE, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 278 (278), pp. 1-156 : 124-125

Cyphorinus lawrencii (Sclater MS) Lawrence

Cyphorinus lawrencii (Sclater ms) Lawrence, 1863b: 5 (Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Panama, along the line of the Panama Railroad).

Now Cyphorhinus phaeocephalus lawrencii Lawrence (ex Sclater MS), 1863. See Ridgely and Tudor, 1989: 94–95, and Brewer and MacKay, 2001: 197.

SYNTYPES: AMNH 39561, adult female, and AMNH 39558, adult male, collected on the Atlantic side of the Isthmus of Panama, along the line of the Panama Railroad ( Lawrence, 1861a: 288), Isthmus of Panama, Panama, by James McLeannan alone or James McLeannan and John Galbraith. From the George N. Lawrence Collection (both bearing the number 87).

COMMENTS: Lawrence (1863b: 5) did not designate a type but gave measurements of a male and noted that his ( Lawrence, 1861a: 293) earlier listing of this form as Cyphorinus cantans , species no. 50 in his catalog, included measurements that were ‘‘those of the female’’. Of the earlier misidentification, Lawrence (1863b: 5) wrote: ‘‘on discovering it was not that species, I sent specimens to Mr. Sclater, who decided that it was undescribed, and complimented me by conferring my name upon it.’’

According the the AMNH catalog, four specimens of this form came to AMNH with the Lawrence Collection. Only AMNH 39558 is sexed as a male. It is undated but is labeled as having been collected by McLeannan and Galbraith. This joint collection was made in the winter of 1860–1861 ( Lawrence, 1861b: 315). It is marked ‘‘type’’ in Lawrence’s hand and is undoubtedly the male Lawrence (1863b: 5) reported. He gave the wing measurement as 2 ¾ [inches]; I measure it as 70 mm.

Two specimens are sexed as females. AMNH 39561, marked ‘‘type’’ in Lawrence’s hand, is most probably the specimen he described and gave measurements for under the name Cyphorinus cantans ( Lawrence, 1861a: 293) , even though the date, in Lawrence’s hand, on his label is 1862. The Lawrence specimens rarely retain the original field labels, with dates recorded by the collector. McLeannan collected alone both before the 1860– 1861 joint collection and afterwards. I think this specimen was collected by McLeannan alone pri­ or to the publication of the first part of the Catalog ( Lawrence, 1861a). Lawrence (1861a: 293) gave the wing measurement of the female as 2 ½ [inches]; I measure the wing of AMNH 39561 as 64 mm.

The second female, AMNH 39559, is the specimen Lawrence (1863b: 5) referred to as having the ‘‘chin and centre of the throat pure white, the chestnut color extending around it in a broad margin; this is probably an accidental variation.’’ He did not mention a white throat in his description of the female in 1861, nor does the label have ‘‘type’’ written on it. However, it does have the number ‘‘50’’ written on the label, indicating that Lawrence associated it with the earlier misidentification. The collector is listed as McLeannan alone, and it is also dated 1862.

The fourth specimen, AMNH 39560, is cataloged as this form, but without an indication of sex or date of collection listed. This specimen was sent in 1926 to the museum on Barro Colorado Island, Panama.

Because Lawrence stated that he had at least a male and a normal female, the white­throated female being excluded as an ‘‘accidental variation’’ and the fourth specimen being unsexed, I think that Lawrence intended for the two specimens marked ‘‘type’’ to be considered the syntypes.

The no. 50 does not appear on the labels of the two syntypes; rather, both are numbered ‘‘87’’. I have not been able to trace this number; it does not seem to coincide with numbers given to this taxon in any of Lawrence’s lists.

Leucolepis arada faroensis

Zimmer and Phelps

Leucolepis arada faroensis Zimmer and Phelps, 1946:

19 (Faro (Castanhal), Rio Jamunda´, north bank of the

Amazon River, Brazil).

Now Cyphorhinus aradus faroensis ( Zimmer and

Phelps, 1946). See Ridgely and Tudor, 1989: 94, and

Brewer and MacKay, 2001: 198.

HOLOTYPE: AMNH 284565 , adult male, collected near Faro , 02°11′S, 56°44′W ( Paynter and Traylor, 1991: 204), Rio Nhamunda´, Para´, Brazil, on 3 January 1931, by the Olalla Brothers.

COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the type was cited in the original description. Paratypes are AMNH 284566–284569, 128823, and 128824.

A translation of an extract from a letter by Alfonso Olalla from ‘‘Serra do Espelho’’, Rio Nhamunda´, dated 22 December 1930 (Archives, Dept. of Ornithology at AMNH), delimits the areas where they planned to collect: ‘‘Since the 11th of this month I have been stationed in this locality from where I shall go very soon to my first station, that is the territory lying between the Rio Jamunda [Nhamunda´] and Paratucú [= Rio Piratucu], a place in the neighborhood just to the North bank of the river [presumably the Rio Piratucu]. I shall also make three or more stations in the region below Faro, after which I shall have finished with this region... ’’. The Olallas were in this area from the 28 December 1930 to 6 January 1931. Other localities in the same area, collected between 6 and 29 January, ‘‘Castanhal’’ and ‘‘São Jose´’’, were not located.