Segestria florentina ( Rossi 1790 )

Giroti, André Marsola & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2011, The spider genus Segestria Latreille, 1804 in South America (Araneae: Segestriidae), Zootaxa 3046, pp. 59-66 : 60-62

Segestria florentina ( Rossi 1790)

Figs 1–23

Aranea florentina Rossi, 1790: 133 , pl. 9, fig. 3 (Holotype, probably 1Ƥ, from Tuscany, Italy, lost).

Aranea perfida Walckenaer, 1802: 223 (Holotype, probably 1Ƥ, from France, lost).

Aranea cellaria Latreille, 1804: 217 (Holotype, probably 1Ƥ, from France, lost).

Segestria perfida Walckenaer, 1805: 48 , pl. 5, figs 51–52 (Holotype, probably 1Ƥ, from France, lost); Hahn, 1820: 9 (Syn.)

Segestria cellaria Latreille, 1806: 88 (Holotype, probably 1Ƥ and probably collected in France, lost); Hahn, 1820: 9 (Syn.).

Segestria florentina: Hahn, 1831: 1 , fig. 1; Brignoli 1976: 40, figs 8–14.

Segestria gracilis Lucas, 1838: 24 , pl. 6, fig. 1 (Holotype 13 from Canary Islands, lost); Schmidt, 1990: 10 (Syn.).

Segestria senoculata Lucas, 1846: 100 , pl. 1, fig. 9 (misidentification).

Segestria ruficeps Guérin, 1832: 8 , pl. 1 (Holotype 1Ƥ from unknown locality in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, lost); Keyserling 1877: 221; Capocasale 1998: 2, figs 1–11. NEW SYNONYMY.

Segestria holmbergi Mello-Leitão, 1944: 322 , figs 2–3 (holotype 13 from La Plata (34°55’S, 57°57’W), Buenos Aires, Argentina, deposited in Museo de La Plata, La Plata, number 15905, not examined); Capocasale 1998: 2 (Syn.).

Material examined. BRAZIL: São Paulo: São Paulo (23°32’S, 46°38’W) (Bairro Pinheiros), 1Ƥ, September 1978, E.C. Marceno leg. ( IBSP 4010); Itapira (22°25’S, 46°49’W), 2Ƥ, 25 February 1975, S. Nougués leg. ( IBSP 3009); Rio Grande do Sul: Rio Grande (32°01’S, 52°05’W) (Campus da Fundação Universidade de Rio Grande), 13, 16 December 1997 ( IBSP 15359); Pelotas (31°46’S, 52°21’W), 1Ƥ, 14 September 1962, R. Krebs leg. (MCN 1191); URUGUAY: Canelones: Canelones (34°27’S, 55°56’W) (San Jose de Caruso), 1Ƥ 1juv., 4 December 1997, A.D. Brescovit leg. ( IBSP 14435); Lavalleja: Minas (34°22’S, 55°13’W) (Complexo Gruta Arequita), 1juv., 5 December 2005, A.D. Brescovit et al. leg. ( IBSP 59585); Montevideo: Montevideo (34º52’58.7”S, 56º05’48.6”W) (Parque Rivera), 1Ƥ 2juv., 15 October 2009, V. Penna leg. ( IBSP 144085); ARGENTINA: Buenos Aires Province: Buenos Aires (34°35’S, 58°22’W), 13, September 2005, G. Ruiz leg. ( IBSP 72053). ENG- LAND: Greater London: London (51°30’N, 0°7’W) Westminster, Dean´s Yard, 13, 24 September 1955 ( AMNH); FRANCE: Alpes: Cote d’Azur, Menton (43°46’N, 7°30’E), 2Ƥ, July 1934, J. Rossi leg. ( AMNH).

Diagnosis. Segestria florentina resembles S. senoculata (Linnaeus, 1758) in having a curved embolic tip and female genitalia with an elongated dorsal lobe and expanded ventral lobe (see Brignoli, 1976, figs 18–19), but differs from this species by the shorter embolic tip ( Figs 15–18 ), the folded dorsal lobe and the ventral lobe with a larger glandular region ( Figs 19–23 ).

Synonymy. Keyserling (1877) and Brignoli (1976) already noted that S. ruficeps and S. florentina are morphologically very similar. After studying the available (non type) specimens listed above of S. ruficeps and S. florentina , and comparing their genitalia, especially the internal female structures, we conclude that these species are synonyms.

Redescription. Male (IBSP 72053): Carapace orange brown, darker laterally and at eye area with darker thoracic striae. Chelicerae reddish brown, with iridescent shine ( Fig. 1 ). Endites and labium yellowish brown. Sternum orange brown, with dark reddish margins. Male palp yellowish brown, with cymbium lighter; legs orange brown, with pairs I and II darker and distal segments lighter ( Figs 4–5 ). Abdomen pale yellowish brown with grey spots and a dorsal pattern composed of 5–6 brown triangular marks. Total length 12.3; carapace, 6.1 long, 4.2 wide. Chelicerae projected, with conspicuous frontal thickened setae ( Fig. 2 ). Chelicerae with three promarginal and two retromarginal triangular teeth and many transversal grooves on the posterior region ( Fig. 3 ). Carapace flattened. Labium twice as long as wide. Endites porrect, constricted in the middle and a posterior conspicuous conical projection. Sternum truncated anteriorly and pointed posteriorly, not projected between coxae IV. Legs with conspicuous ventral scopula on metatarsus and tarsus I–IV. Leg formula: II-I-III-IV. Leg measurements: I, femur 6.6, patella 2.25, tibia 6.95, metatarsus 6.7, tarsus 1.6, total 24.1; II, 6.4, 2.25, 7.4, 6.65, 1.55, 24.25; III, 5.35, 2.15, 6.05, 5.9, 1.5, 20.95; IV, 5.55, 2.2, 5.8, 4.9, 1.6, 20.05. Spination: leg I, femur d0-1-0-1-0-1-0, p0-0-1-1-2-1-1-0, v0, r0-0-1/0- 1-1-1-1-0; patella d0, p1/2-1, v0, r1; tibia d0-0-1-0-1-0, p1/0-1/0-1-1/2-1-1-1/0-0-0, v3 /0-1-2-0/1-3/2-0-2, r2/0-1- 1-1-1-1-1-1/0-0-0; metatarsus d0, p1/0-0-0-0, v0-1-0-1; r1-0-0-0; II, femur d0-1-0-1-0/1-1-0, p0-0-1, 0-1-1-1-1-1/ 0, v0, r0-0-1/0-0/1-1-0/1-1-0; patella d0, p1-0/1, v0, r1; tibia d0-0-1-0-1-0, p1-0/1-1/0-1-0-1-1/2-0, v3-1 /0-1-1-1-1- 1-2/1-1-1, r1/2-1-0/1-1-0/1-2-1-1-0; metatarsus d0, p1-0-0-0, v0-1-0-1, r1-0/1-0-0; metatarsus IV with distal prolateral preening comb with 4 macrosetae. Tarsal organ leg I not found; tarsal organs legs II, III and IV slightly projected, with two very small sensillae ( Figs 11–12 ). Palp with femur twice as long as tibia. Cymbium long, with the distal two-thirds much narrower than the basal third. Bulb inserted at the proximal third of the cymbium, with a slender apex and embolus curved at tip.

Female (IBSP 144085): Coloration as in male, except carapace and chelicerae darker and abdomen with brown triangular marks dorsally ( Fig. 6 ). Total length 15.8; carapace, 6.8 long, 4.6 wide. Chelicearae without conspicuous frontal thickened setae. Cephalic region more elevated and convex than in the male ( Fig. 7 ). Labium, endites and sternum as in male ( Fig. 8 ). Palpal tarsus, with femur half the tibia length and tarsus with one prolateral macrosetae and one claw without teeth. Legs as in males, differing in size and number of macrosetae ( Figs 9–10 ). Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg measurements: I, femur 5.8, patella 2.5, tibia 5.6, metatarsus 5.1, tarsus 1.3, total 20.3; II, 5.5, 2.5, 5.6, 4.9, 1.4, 19.9; III, 4.55, 2.2, 4.35, 4.1, 1.25, 16.45; IV, 4.9, 2.3, 5.05, 3.85, 1.4, 17.5. Spination: leg I, femur d0-1-0-1-0-1-0, p0-0-0-0-1-1-0, v0, r0; patella d0, p0, v0, r0; tibia d0, p1-0-1/2-0-1/0-0, v2 /1-0-2- 0-2/1-0-2, r1-0/1-1-0-0/1-0; metatarsus d0, p1-0-0-0, v0-1-0-1, r1-0-0-0; II, femur d0-1-0-1-0-1-0, p 0-0-0-0-1-1-0, v0, r0; patella d0, p0, v0, r0; tibia d0, p1-0-1-0-1-0, v1 -0-1-0-2-2, r0; metatarsus d0, p1-0-0-0, v0-1-0-1, r1-0-0-0; preening comb on metatarsus IV as in male. Tarsal organs as in male ( Figs 13–14 ). Internal genitalia with anterior receptaculum composed of two lobes, with a glandular region between them: the dorsal lobe is very curved, with the distal portion expanded and with a pointed end; the ventral one is ventrally expanded, with muscular insertions.

Variation. Males (n = 2): total length 12.1–12.3. Females (n = 6): total length 11.5–15.8; carapace 6.6–7.4; femur I 5.8–6.3.

Distribution. Europe, western Asia, northern Africa ( Slawson et al. 2009), the southeast and south of Brazil, Uruguay, and eastern Argentina.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 5. Segestria florentina, male (Buenos Aires, Argentina, IBSP 72053). 1 Habitus, dorsal view; 2 Same, lateral view; 3 Chelicerae, ventral view; 4 Right leg I, prolateral view; 5 Same, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CT = cheliceral teeth; TG = transversal grooves.

FIGURES 6 – 10. Segestria florentina, female (Canelones, Uruguay, IBSP 14435): 6 – 7 Habitus (6 dorsal view, 7 lateral view); 8 Labium and endites; 9 – 10 Right leg I, (9 prolateral, 10 retrolateral view). Abbreviations: CP = conical projection; L = labium.

FIGURES 11 – 14. Segestria florentina, tarsal organs: 11 – 12 Male (11 leg III, 12 leg IV); 13 – 14 Female (13 leg III, 14 leg IV).

FIGURES 15 – 22. Segestria florentina (male, Buenos Aires, Argentina, IBSP 72053; female, Canelones, Uruguay, IBSP 14435): 15 – 18 Male left palp (15 prolateral view, 16 same, detail, 17 retrolateral view, 18 same, detail); 19 – 22 female genitalia (19 lateral view, 20 anterior receptaculum in detail, 21 ventral view, 22 frontal view). Abbreviations: PR = posterior receptaculum; AR = anterior receptaculum; DL = dorsal lobe; GR = glandular region; MI = muscular insertions; IF = interpulmonary fold; UE = uterus externus; VL = ventral lobe.

FIGURE 23. Segestria florentina (female, Canelones, Uruguay, IBSP 14435): Illustration of the genitalia in lateral view. Abbreviations: PR = posterior receptaculum; AR = anterior receptaculum; DL = dorsal lobe; GR = glandular region; MI = muscular insertions; IF = interpulmonary fold; UE = uterus externus; VL = ventral lobe.