Yinia hunanica Liu & Li, 1995

Huang, Jianhua, Zheng, Zhemin, Huang, Yuan & Zhou, Shanyi, 2009, New synonymies in Chinese Oxyinae (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Zootaxa 1976, pp. 39-55 : 47-52

Yinia hunanica Liu & Li, 1995

[ Figs. 16–27 , 30–37 ]

Yinia hunanica Liu & Li, 1995: 105 .

Oxyoides bamianshanensis Fu & Zheng, 1999: 384 ; Li, Xia, et al, 2006: 90; Huang, Fu & Zhou, 2007: 525. New synonym

Oxyoides longianchorus Huang, Fu & Zhou, 2007: 526 . New synonym

Caryandoides maguas Zheng & Xie, 2007: 92 . New synonym

Male. Body length: 22.5–27.0 mm; pronotum length: 5.0–6.0mm; tegmina length: 5.3–6.6 mm; hind femur length: 15.0–17.4 mm.

Body medium-sized. Head shorter than pronotum. Vertex short, with anterior margin bluntly rounded in dorsal view, dorsum distinctly depressed, median longitudinal carina and lateral foveolae absent. Interocular space about one to one and a half times as wide as frontal ridge between antennal sockets. Occiput with an indistinct median longitudinal carina, finely punctate at sides of the middle. Face oblique in profile view. Frontal ridge distinct, extending to clypeus, longitudinally sulcate throughout, with lateral carinae nearly parallel, facial carinae distinct. Antennae filiform, extending beyond the posterior margin of pronotum, twentyfour-segmented, the fourth segment shortest and median segments about two to three times as long as broad. Eyes oval, with longitudinal diameter about one and a half times as long as horizontal diameter and about two and a half times as long as subocular furrow. Pronotum cylindrical, irregularly and coarsely reticulate, with anterior margin straight, posterior margin roundedly curved, median carina visible in metazona but absent in prozona, lateral carina absent; three distinct transverse sulci and prozona about one and a two-third times as long as metazona; lateral lobe of pronotum longer than high, with anteroventral corner rounded and posteroventral corner subrectangular. Prosternal process subconical, slightly compressed laterally, apex pointed or rounded. Mesosternal lobes distinctly broader than long, interspace between them about five times as long as broad; metasternal lobes contiguous with each other. Both tegmina and hind wings reduced; tegmina touching each other at basal third or separated throughout; apex of tegmina obtusely rounded, just reaching or slightly exceeding posterior margin of the second abdominal tergite; hind wing narrow, distinctly shorter than tegmina and covered completely by tegmina. Hind femora slightly slender, with upper carinae smooth and spined at apex; upper genicular lobes rounded and lower genicular lobes spined at apex. Hind tibiae not expanded to form oar-like structure, with only carinate margins in the apical half, eleven to twelve spines at inner margin, ten spines at outer margin, both inner and outer apical spines present, but sometimes the outer apical spines very small and indistinct. Hind tarsi with the first segment slightly shorter than the third one; arolium large. Tympanum developed, with oval aperture. Tergite of terminal (the tenth) abdominal segment split in the middle, furcula absent. Supra-anal plate triangular, as long as broad, apex bluntly rounded or pointed in some individuals, basal half broadly depressed at both sides, the middle portion with a broad longitudinal sulcus, which is intersected by a median transverse sulcus and less distinct in apical half (absent even in some individuals). Cerci long and conical, apices pointed and extending beyond the supra-anal plate. Subgenital plate conical, apex truncate in dorsal view, and sometimes slightly concave in the middle.

Epiphallus completely divided into two symmetrical halves; bridge narrow, with two pairs of lophi, the outer pair very developed and hook-like, having a furrow at basal half, the inner pair very short, triangular or concave posteriorly; ancorae absent; anterior projections short and blunt, with distinct or indistinct vertical lobes dorsally, i.e. the dorsal lobes ( Liu & Li, 1995). Phallic complex with apical valves of penis and valves of cingulum broadly lamellated, valvular plate of cingulum basally sulcate, having deep emargination on the middle of apex, cingular apodeme horse-shoe-shaped, zygoma very broad; apical valves of penis, cingular plate and lophi granulose.

Body yellowish brown. Antennae yellowish brown to reddish brown. Eyes pale brown with blackish brown maculae in irregular shapes. Postocular band black, extending to posterior margin of pronotum.

Occiput, dorsum of pronotum, tegmina and abdomen brown. Face, gena and lower half of lateral lobe of pronotum yellow. Labrum, clypeus, face and anterior half of gena densely covered with black punctures. Gena with a black longitudinal band just below eye. Fore legs, middle legs and hind femora yellowish green. Hind tibiae bluish green, except the base and spines as well as apices of hind femora black.

Female. Body length: 28.7–36.6 mm; pronotum length: 6.0–7.0 mm; tegmina length: 6.4–9.2 mm; hind femur length: 18.5–20.7 mm.

Similar to male. Body relatively larger, occiput without median keel, tegmina separated along dorsal keel of abdomen, apices of tegmina reaching the middle or posterior margin of the second abdominal tergite. Supra-anal plate with a distinct transverse sulcus at middle and a distinct elevated furrow just anterior to the sulcus. Subgenital plate convex in the middle of posterior margin, with a subapical tooth at each side. Apices of hind femora and base of hind tibiae brown to blackish brown. Ovipositor valves long and slender, dorsal valves armed with relatively distinct large teeth at apical half of external edge, ventral valves distinctly and finely serrate along external edge.

Biology. This species inhabits at the bamboo bushes ( Indocalamus sp. and Phyllostarchys sp.), flat egg pods covered with yellowish coating were found on leaves of Indocalamus sp. in the field, females reared in lab lay their egg pods on either the provided bamboo leaves or the wall of the rearing container, but not in the moist sand in the bottom ( Liu & Li, 1995).

Materials examined. Yinia hunanica : holotype, male, CHINA: Mangshan Natural Reserve, Yizhang County, Hunan Province, 700 m, 20 August 1991, Zhiwei Liu; paratypes, three males and three females, data same as holotype; one female, CHINA: Mangshan Natural Reserve, Yizhang County, Hunan Province, September 1960, Dingyuan Wen. Oxyoides bamianshanensis : holotype, male, CHINA: Bamianshan Natural Reserve, Qingshan Town, Guidong county, Hunan Province, 26° 02' N, 113° 45' E, 600 m, 20 August 1996, Jianhua Huang. Oxyoides longiancorus : holotype, male, CHINA: Jiulianshan Natural Reserve, longnan county, Jiangxi Province, 24° 35' N, 114° 27' E, 800 m, 19 August 2000, Jianhua Huang; paratypes, two males and two females, data same as holotype. Caryandoides maguas : holotype, female, Mangshan Natural Reserve, Yizhang County, Hunan Province, 620 m, 6 October 2004, Lingde Xie.

Distribution. CHINA (Hunan, Jiangxi).

Remark. There are no differences between the type specimens of Yinia hunanica , Oxyoides bamianshanensis , Oxyoides longianchorus and Caryandoides maguas , except hind tibiae without outer apical spines in Caryandoides maguas according to original description. However, we did find small and indistinct outer apical spines when reexamining the type specimens. Therefore, we synonymize Oxyoides bamianshanensis , Oxyoides longianchorus and Caryandoides maguas with Yinia hunanica .

Figures

FIGURES 16 – 19. Yinia hunanica Liu & Li, in dorsal and profile view. 16 – 17. Holotype male. 18 – 19. Paratype female.

FIGURES 20 – 23. Oxyoides longianchorus Huang, Fu & Zhou, in dorsal and profile view. 20 – 21. Holotype male. 22 – 23. Paratype female.

FIGURES 24 – 27. 24 – 25. Oxyoides bamianshanensis Fu & Zheng, holotype male, in dorsal and profile view. 26 – 27. Caryandoides maguas Zheng & Xie, holotype female, in dorsal and profile view.

FIGURES 28 – 31. 28 – 29. Oxya agavisa Tsai, epiphallus and phallic complex, in dorsal view. 30 – 31. Oxyoides longianchorus Huang, Fu & Zhou, epiphallus and phallic complex, in dorsal view.

FIGURES 32 – 37. 32 – 33. Oxyoides bamianshanensis Fu & Zheng, epiphallus, in ventral and dorsal view. 34 – 37. Yinia hunanica Liu & Li, epiphallus and phallic complex, in dorsal view. 34 – 35. Holotype male. 36 – 37. Paratype male.