Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin, 2019

Noei, Javad, Ersin, Firdevs & Çakmak, İbrahim, 2019, A new larval species of Balaustium (Acari: Actinotrichida: Erythraeidae) from Turkey, Turkish Journal of Zoology 43 (1), pp. 30-42 : 31-37

Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. ( Figures 1–13 )

Diagnosis. All scutalae off scutum; palpfemur with one seta; fn Tr 3-3-2; fn BFe 4-4-3; fn Ti I– III 11-11-11; fn Ta (20–22)-(17–19)-(18–20).

Description. (n = 16) Larva.

Dorsum ( Figure 1 ; Table 1). Dorsal surface with 60–79 (fD) barbed setae. Scutum longitudinal, almost parallelsided, with a crista metopica. Alongside the crista is a lightly chitinized area and scutum distinguished from the propodosomal skin by the absence of the normal cuticular striations; sensillary area with two pairs of trichobothria (ASens and PSens); nonsensillary setae (AL, ML, and PL) located outside of the sclerotized area of the scutum (scutum without ML and PL on the right side in holotype 2a, without ML on the left side in paratype 2b, without

PL on the right side in paratype 2c, without ML on both sides in paratype 6f, and with 2 ML on the right side in paratype 2p). AL , ML, and PL subequal in length, all barbed. Posterior sensilla (PSens) longer than anterior pair (ASens) and both barbed along their entire length. One eye (diameter 13–15 µm) placed laterally on each side of scutum.

Venter ( Figure 2 ). Ventral surface of idiosoma with 40–56 (fV) barbed setae behind coxae III ( Table 1). Coxal plates punctate; all coxalae (1b, 2b, 3b) pointed and barbed. A peg-like supracoxal seta (eI) present on coxa I, 2 µm long. Sternal seta 1a inserted on a punctate area (distinguished from the sternal skin by the absence of the normal cuticular striations) next to coxae I and II and longer than sternal seta 3a, both barbed; 14–20 setae between coxae II and III. NDV = 120–147 ( Table 1).

Gnathosoma ( Figures 3 and 4 ). Cheliceral bases punctate; subcapitulum with a barbed galealae (cs) and

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two hypostomalae, anterior (as) minute, spine-like, and posterior (bs) barbed; palptrochanter (17–25 µm) with one barbed seta (32–42 µm) (palptrochanter without seta on the left side in holotype 2a); palpfemur (37–50 µm) with one barbed dorsal seta (palpfemur without seta on the left side in paratype 2b) and palpgenu (27–32 µm) with two barbed dorsal setae (palpgenu with one seta on the left side in paratype 2d); palptibia (12–16 µm) with 3 barbed setae ( Figure 3 ); palpal tibial claw (15–20 µm) entire, with a ventral median tooth; palptarsus (15–20 µm) with 3 barbed and one smooth seta, an eupathidium, and a solenidion; fPp = B-B-BB-BBB-3BNωζ ( Figure 4 ). Supracoxal seta of palp peg-like (eP), 4 µm long.

Legs ( Figures 5 to 13). Leg segmentation formula 7-7- 7. Leg setal formulae are given in Table 2. All leg tarsi with 2 claws and an empodium. Posterior claws bifurcate, one branch pulvilliform and another sickle-shaped with ciliations. Anterior claw and empodium of all leg tarsi falciform with ciliations. IP = 1025–1202.

Metric data are given in Table 1.

Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the city of origin, İzmir, Turkey.

Type material. The holotype (ARS-20170911-2a) and 5 paratype larvae (ARS-20170911-2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f) were obtained (23, 24, and 27 March and 3 April 2016) by laboratory rearing from females collected from building walls and window ledges in Bornova , İzmir, Turkey, 38°28ʹN, 27°13ʹE, 30 m a.s.l., May 2015, coll. F. Ersin ; 10 paratype larvae (ARS-20170911- 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j, 2k, 2l, 2m, 2n, 2o, 2p), same date except 15, 16, 17, 20, 22, 23, and 27 March 2018.

Type deposition. The holotype (ARS-20170911- 2a) and 9 paratype larvae (ARS-20170911-2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j) are deposited in the Acarological Collection of Jalal Afshar Zoological Museum ( JAZM), Department of Plant Protection , Faculty of Agriculture , University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran, and 6 paratype larvae (ARS-20170911-2k, 2l, 2m, 2n, 2o, 2p) in the Acarological

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Collection, Acarological Society of Iran, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

Remarks. The new species belongs to the genus Balaustium based on the following characters: palptrochanter and palpfemur each with one seta, fn Cx 1-1-1, fn trochanter 3-3-2, fn BFe 4-4-3, posterior claw on leg tarsi I– III bifurcate, composed of a sickle-shaped and a pulvilliform branch (see diagnostic characters of Balaustium presented by Fuentes Quintero et al., 2014). Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. is most similar to B. yousifi in having one seta on palpfemur, fn BFe 4-4- 3, fn TFe 5-5-5, Ti III <104, and two setae on palpgenu, but differs from it in the number of normal setae on Ge I (8 vs. 9 in B. yousifi ), shorter ISD (50–62 vs. 64–69), AL (15–20 vs. 28–32), ML (20–25 vs. 28–32), PL (20–25 vs. 32–36), ASens (32–42 vs. 50–56), Ta I (60–70 vs. 82–91), Ti I (77–87 vs. 86–94), Ge I (72–85 vs. 88–93), Ta II (50–60 vs. 75–83), Ti II (57–70 vs. 75–79), Ge II (55–67 vs. 68– 74), Ta III (50–60 vs. 75–85), Ti III (72–87 vs. 89–97), Ge III (60–75 vs. 74–79), 2b (30–37 vs. 46–50), 3b (30–40 vs. 45–48), NDV (120–147 vs. 159–160), and IP (1025–1202 vs. 1294–1363). Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. also differs from the other species as follows: from B. cristatum in the number of setae on palpfemur (1 vs. 2) and crista metopica (present vs. absent); from B. biscutalae in the eupathidium on Ta III (present vs. absent), NDV (120–147 vs. 174), scutalae (all off scutum vs. only PL off scutum); from B. leanderi in the number of setae on palpfemur (1 vs. 2), fn Tr (3-3-2 vs. 3-3-3), fn BFe (4-4- 3 vs. 4-4-4), scutalae (off scutum vs. on scutum); from B. barloventensis in the number of setae on palpgenu (2 vs. 3), fn TFe (5-5-5 vs. 5-5-4), scutalae (off scutum vs. on scutum); from B. malpaisesensis in the number of setae

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on palpgenu (2 vs. 3), scutalae (off scutum vs. on scutum); from B. brunoni in the number of setae on palpgenu (2 vs. 4), scutalae (off scutum vs. on scutum); from B. kendalli in the fn TFe (5-5-5 vs. 6-6-5) and scutalae (off scutum vs. on scutum); from B. innocentae , B. medardi , B. minodorae , and B. soydani in the fn BFe (4-4-3 vs. 4-4-2) and scutalae (off scutum vs. on scutum); from B. akramii , B. biljanae , B. kacperi , B. nikae , B. rajmundi , and B. wratislaviensis in fn BFe (4-4-3 vs. 4-4-2); from B. murorum and B. zhangi in fn BFe (4-4-3 vs. 4-4-2) and the number of solenidia on Ti I (2 vs. 3); from B. hernandezi in the fn TFe (5-5-5 vs. 7-6-6) and IP (1025–1121 vs. 1687–1851).

Key of larval species of the genus Balaustium 1. Palpfemur with two setae............................................2 - Palpfemur with one seta ............................................... 3 2. With crista metopica and scutalae on scutum ............ ............................................ B. leanderi (Haitlinger, 2000)

- Without crista metopica and scutalae off scutum ........ ...................................... B. cristatum Meyer & Ryke, 1959 3. fn BFe 4-4-3 .................................................................. 4 - fn BFe 4-4-2 ................................................................. 10 4. fn TFe 7-6-6, Ti III 128–138 .......................................... .................. B. hernandezi Mąkol, Arijs & Wackers, 2012 - fn TFe 5-5-4, or 5-5-5 and Ti III <104 ....................... 5 5. Palpgenu with two setae, two pairs of scutalae on scutum or scutalae off scutum ....................................... 6 - Palpgenu with three or four setae, three pairs of scutalae on scutum .......................................................... 8 6. Two pairs of scutalae on scutum ................................... .......................... B. biscutalae Mayoral & Barranco, 2009 - Scutalae off scutum ....................................................... 7 7. Ge I with eight normal setae, Ta III 50–60, Ti III 72– 87, with 14–20 setae in the area between coxae II and III, NDV 120–147............ B. izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. - Ge I with nine normal setae, Ta III 75–85, Ti III 89–97, with 26 setae in the area between coxae II and III, NDV 159–160 .................. B. yousifi Kamran and Alatawi, 2014 8. Palpgenu with four setae .... B. brunoni Haitlinger, 2005 - Palpgenu with three setae ............................................ 9 9. fn TFe 5-5-4, Ti III 92–104, fn Ti I– III 11-11-11, ISD 64–72 .............................. barloventensis Haitlinger, 2004 - fn TFe 5-5-5, Ti III 78–84, fn Ti I– III 13-13-13, ISD 52–56 ......................... B. malpaisesensis Haitlinger, 2004 10. fn TFe 6-6-5 ................... B. kendalli Welbourn, 1991 - fn TFe 5-5-5 ................................................................. 11 11. Ti I with three solenidia ......................................... 12 - Ti I with one or two solenidia ................................... 13 12. Ti II with 10 normal setae, Ti I 58–73 ........................ ..................................................... B. zhangi Saboori, 2001 - Ti II with 11 normal setae, Ti I 72–83 ........................... .......................................... B. murorum ( Hermann, 1804) 13. Ti III >98, TFe III >50, scutalae on scutum ......... 14 - Ti III <90, TFe III <48, scutalae on or off scutum .... 16 14. Ti I with one solenidion, number of normal setae on Ti I 12, fn Ge 7-7-8, ISD 80 ............................................ .................................................. B. kacperi Haitlinger, 1996 - Ti I with two solenidia, number of normal setae on Ti I 10, fn Ge 8-8-8, ISD <74 ............................................ 15 15. Number of normal setae on Ti II 10, Ti III 98–100, scutalae on scutum ............. B. medardi Haitlinger, 2000 - Number of normal setae on Ti II nine, Ti III 108–114, scutalae off scutum ......... B. biljanae (Haitlinger, 2000) 16. Scutalae on scutum ................................................. 17 - Scutalae off scutum .................................................... 19 17. fn Ti 10-10-11 .......... B. innocentae Haitlinger, 2006 - fn Ti 9-9-9 or 11-11-10 .............................................. 18 18. fn Ti 9-9-9, PSens 72–82, ASens 48–54, ISD 56–58 .. .......................................... B. minodorae Haitlinger, 2000 - fn Ti 11-11-10, PSens 62, ASens 40, ISD 50 .................. ................................................ B. soydani Haitlinger, 2000 19. Ge II & III each with seven normal setae ............ 20 - Ge II & III each with eight normal setae ................. 21 20. Ge I with nine normal setae, fn Ti 10-12-12, ISD 52, PL 52, Ti III 68, NDV 106 ....... B. nikae Haitlinger, 1996 - Ge I with seven normal setae, fn Ti 11-10-11, ISD 62, PL 36–40, Ti III 82–90, NDV 152 ..................................... .................................... B. wratislaviensis Haitlinger, 1996 21. fn Ti 11-11-11, fn Ta (21–23)-(18–19)-(19–20), AW 30–40, ASens 30–37, PSens 45–60 .................................. ........................................................ B. akramii Noei, 2017 - fn Ti 12-12-10, fn Ta 19-19-17, AW 54, ASens 48, PSens 80 ............................. B. rajmundi Haitlinger, 1996

Figures

Figure 1. Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. (larva). Dorsal view of idiosoma (scutum without ML and PL on the right side in holotype).

Figure 2. Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. (larva). Ventral view of idiosoma.

Figures 3–4. Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. (larva). 3- Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of gnathosoma; 4- Ventral view of palpal tibia and tarsus.

Figures 5‒7. Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. (larva), leg I: 5- Ta; 6- Ti–Ge; 7- TFe–Tr.

Figures 8‒10. Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. (larva), leg II: 8- Ta; 9- Ti–Ge; 10- TFe–Tr.

Figures 11‒13. Balaustium izmirensis Noei & Ersin sp. nov. (larva), leg III: 11- Ta; 12- Ti–Ge; 13- TFe–Tr.