Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian, 1951

Matsumura, Yoko, Maruyama, Munetoshi, Ntonifor, Nelson N. & Beutel, Rolf G., 2023, A new species of Zoraptera, Zorotypus komatsui sp. nov. from Cameroon and a redescription of Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian, 1951 (Polyneoptera, Zoraptera), ZooKeys 1178, pp. 39-59 : 39

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1178.108276
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:2F94A6DC-2CBC-4B76-BBD1-78FFB8909235
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/96C2CAD0-D7E6-55B3-81FE-6E3396D9253D
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Zorotypus vinsoni Paulian, 1951
status

Treatment

Figs 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8 , 9 View Figure 9 , 10 View Figure 10

Zorotypus vinsoni : Paulian 1951: 34.

Zorotypus vinsoni : Hubbard 1990: 57.

Zorotypus vinsoni : Kočárek et al. 2020: 51.

Type locality.

Types were not explicitly designated by Paulian (1951), but the author described the species based on specimens collected from Maccabean forest (alt. 600 m) on Mauritius island.

Material examined.

Madagascar: three apterous males, three apterous females, one alata female, near Aventure trail, Andasibe NP., 18°93'60"S, 48°41'90"E, 920 m., 5.iv.2019, coll. P. Jałoszyński (depository number of slide-mounted specimens/ SEHU48819-48822) .

Diagnosis.

According to Paulian (1951), this species can be distinguished from Z. delamarei only by male genitalic morphology which is characterized as follows: (1) asymmetrical; (2) left valve strongly sclerotized, abruptly bent at nearly right angle, with bifurcated apex (left branch anterolaterally expanded and shorter than right one); (3) right valve composed of two sclerites (i and ii); (4) sclerite ii less stout and bifurcated (left branch twisted apically and with basal blade-like projection, right branch curved and pointed); (5) sclerite i located close to curved and pointed branch of sclerite ii. The following features should also be added to the diagnosis: (6) eye spots absent in apterous males; (7) antennomere ii as long as antennomere iii; (8) posterior metafemural surface covered with eight to nine stout spiniform bristles, first and second long and inserted on proximal to middle region, other bristles shorter and evenly distributed on proximal area; and (9) metatibia with three to four stout spiniform bristles, two of them inserted in middle region.

Description.

Apterous male.

Measurements. N = 2. Total body length: 2.58-3.25 mm, head width 0.53-0.54 mm, head length 0.43-0.46 mm, antennal length 1.36-1.53 mm, pronotal length 0.45-0.47 mm, metafemoral length 0.75 mm, metatibial length 0.77 mm, abdominal maximum width 0.62-0.66 mm, length of cerci 0.13 mm.

Color. Coloration light brown except for whitish membranous regions and less pigmented cerci, antennae, and legs (Fig. 5 View Figure 5 ).

Head (Figs 5 View Figure 5 , 6A View Figure 6 ). Head subtriangular, slightly wider than pronotum, without black eye spots (Fig. 5D View Figure 5 ); ocelli absent; cephalic chaetotaxy as in Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ; short setae arranged in dense, oval group on vertex, referred to as fontanelle (e.g. Delamare-Deboutteville 1951; van Ryn-Tournel 1971) (Figs 5D View Figure 5 , 6A View Figure 6 ), with pore between them (possibly gland opening). Antennae 9-segmented, with distal three or four antennomeres less pigmented than others (Fig. 5F View Figure 5 ); antennomere i slightly curved outward, longer than wide; antennomere ii short, about half as long as antennomere i, equal to antennomere iii; antennomere iv slightly longer than antennomeres ii and iii, antennomeres v-ix longer than wide (Fig. 5F View Figure 5 ). Left mandible with five apical teeth and well-developed molar region and prostheca on ventral surface (black arrow in Fig. 5I View Figure 5 ); right mandible with four apical teeth and well-developed molar region but without prostheca. Maxillae with distinctly separated lacinia and galea, both with densely arranged setae on distal part; maxillary palps five-segmented (Fig. 5G View Figure 5 ). Labial palps three-segmented (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ).

Thorax (Figs 5 View Figure 5 , 6B View Figure 6 ). Pronotum trapezoid, slightly narrowed posteriorly; pro-sternum with peg-like anterolateral protuberances (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ). Mesonotum trapezoid, slightly shorter than pronotum. Metanotum trapezoid, distinctly wider than long, shorter than mesonotum. Thoracic setation as in Fig. 6B View Figure 6 . Legs covered with short and moderately long setae; tarsi 2-segmented with small unguitractor plate and hooked claws; ventral and posterior profemoral surfaces covered with short setae; protibia with short setae and bristles arranged as antenna cleaning organ on proximal two-thirds along ventral surface; mesotibia with vestiture of moderately long setae and two apical spurs; metafemur broader than pro- and mesofemora, wider proximally than distally; ventral surface evenly covered with moderately long setae; posterior surface with eight to nine stout spiniform bristles (Fig. 5H View Figure 5 ), first and second long and inserted on proximal to middle region, other bristles shorter and evenly distributed on distal area; metatibia with moderately long setae and three to four stout spiniform bristles.

Abdomen (Figs 5 View Figure 5 , 6C View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 ). Abdominal tergite 1 (Ti) with single transverse row of short setae, and few small setae laterally (Fig. 6C View Figure 6 ); Tii-vii with two transverse rows of short setae and additionally setae of moderate length, and pair of long erect setae inserted at posterior corner; Tviii medially sclerotized, with posterior projection and two transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length (Fig. 6C, E View Figure 6 ); Tix short and medially sclerotized, with transverse row of short setae and setae of moderate length; Tx + xi not visible externally, medially sclerotized, with anterior curved projection; with transverse row of setae of moderate length and with lateral ends enclosing cerci (Fig. 6C, E View Figure 6 ). Cerci unsegmented, conical, with one subapical long seta, few relatively long subapical setae, and numerous short and fine setae. Si scarcely sclerotized; Sii evenly sclerotized and with pair of setae; Siii with transverse row of short setae along posterior margin; Siv-v with two transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length; Svi with three transverse rows of short setae and setae of moderate length; posterior two-thirds of Svii with evenly distributed short and moderately long setae; Sviii semicircular with slightly asymmetric posterior margin, often folded and invisible (Fig. 6D View Figure 6 ), posterior margin with densely arranged longer setae. Genitalia asymmetrical (Figs 5J-L View Figure 5 , 7 View Figure 7 ); left valve strongly sclerotized, abruptly bent at nearly right angle, with bifurcated apex (left branch anterolaterally expanded and shorter than right one); right valve composed of two sclerites (i and ii in Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ), sclerite ii less stout and bifurcated (left branch twisted apically and with basal blade-like projection, right branch curved and pointed); sclerite i located close to curved and pointed branch of sclerite ii.

Apterous female (Figs 8 View Figure 8 , 9 View Figure 9 ).

Measurements. N = 2. Total body length: 2.82-3.00 mm, head width 0.57-0.60 mm, head length 0.38-0.55, antenna length 1.62-1.65 mm, pronotal length 0.44-0.51 mm, metafemoral length 0.76-0.80 mm, metatibial length 0.70-0.76, abdominal maximum width 0.67-0.79 mm, length of cerci 0.12-0.15 mm.

Morphology. Similar to apterous male. Oval group of setae on vertex with pore between them absent (Figs 8A View Figure 8 , 9A View Figure 9 ). Setae on abdominal tergites generally longer and lateral tergal regions setose; Tviii uniformly sclerotized, with transverse row of long setae (Fig. 9C View Figure 9 ); Tix only posteriorly sclerotized, with setae of moderate length (Fig. 9C View Figure 9 ); Tx uniformly sclerotized (Fig. 9C View Figure 9 ). Si only slightly sclerotized; Sii with short setae laterally; posterior margin of Sviii membranous, with more or less evenly distributed moderately short setae.

Alata female (Fig. 8E, G View Figure 8 ).

Morphology. Similar to apterous female. Darker brown in coloration. Compound eyes and three black ocelli present. Scuto-scutellar suture distinctly visible on mesonotum and metanotum (Fig. 8G View Figure 8 ).

Distribution.

Andasibe on Madagascar (newly found record here), Maccabean forest (alt. 600 m) in Mauritius island. Under bark.

Variation

(Figs 5H View Figure 5 , 7J View Figure 7 , 10 View Figure 10 ). In two cases with one or two additional slender spiniform bristles on metatibia.

Validity of the species identification.

Until we obtained specimens of Z. vinsoni from Madagascar, the presence of Z. vinsoni was reported only from Mauritius island ( Paulian 1951). In contrast, Z. delamarei Paulian, 1949 was known from Madagascar ( Paulian 1949; Kočárek et al. 2020). According to Paulian (1951), Z. delamarei and Z. vinsoni are only distinguishable by male genitalic morphology. Our observations clearly suggest that the genitalic morphology of our study samples from Madagascar matches the documentation of the male genitalia in Z. vinsoni in Paulian (1951, fig. 3). Therefore, we consider that our identification should be justified, although we have not been able to get access to original research materials used by Paulian (1949, 1951).

The collection site of our study samples of Z. vinsoni is about 85 km west of the third locality of specimens of Z. delamarei used in Paulian (1949). The three locations in the northern half of Madagascar where his samples were collected are listed below:

10 km S.E. Ambanja, in bast fibres, on the road of Haut-Sambirano.

Forest of Ambohitantely, 140 km. N.NW. of Tananarive, in small, slightly degraded grove of trees.

Forest of la Mandraka, 80 km. W. of Tananarive, in degraded forest.

The samples of Z. delamareii used in Kočárek et al. (2020) were collected nearby (less than 50 km from our sample collection site) from the following localities (P. Kočárek, pers. comm.):

Central Madagascar Andasibe-Mantadia NP., Mantadia, circuit „Eulophia“, 22-23.i.2017, 18°48'16"S, 48°25'43"E, 958 m, coll. P. Baňař (collected with an interceptor trap).

Central Madagascar Andasibe-Mantadia NP., Mantadia, end of circuit „Eulophia“, 22.i.2017, 18°79'87"S, 48°42'78"E, 970 m, coll. P. Janšta (collected from dead trunk over a stream).

Central Madagascar Andasibe-Mantadia NP., Mantadia circuit „Eulophia“, 22.i.2017, 970 m, 18°80'37"S-18°79'87"S, 48°42'92"E-48°42'78"E, coll. P. Janšta.

Considering the hitherto known localities, these two closely related species could occur either parapatrically or sympatrically in Madagascar.