Lachesilla albrookensis, García Aldrete & Silva-Neto, 2020

García Aldrete, Alfonso N. & Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira Da, 2020, New Neotropical species of Lachesilla Westwood, in species group forcepeta (Psocodea: ‘ Psocoptera’: Lachesillidae), Zootaxa 4728 (1), pp. 49-62 : 50-61

Lachesilla albrookensis n. sp. Female

( Figs 1–5 )

Diagnosis. Forewing Rs-M joined by a short crossvein; hindwing Rs-M fused by a short distance. Gonapophyses constricted proximally, wider in the middle, decidedly rounded distally; spermapore sclerite irregular, shaped like a horizontal triangle. Lachesilla aliciae García Aldrete and L. delicata García Aldrete , from the Canal Zone, in Barro Colorado Island, have similar subgenital plates, gonapophyses and ninth sterna, but L. albrookensis n. sp., clearly differs from them, and from the other species in group forcepeta, mainly in the distally rounded gonapophyses and in the shape and size of the spermapore sclerite, with the longer axis transverse, not longitudinal, as in the other species in the group.

Color (in 80% ethanol). Body tawny brown. Wings hyaline, veins pale brown. Abdomen whitish, with brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Head missing. Forewings ( Fig. 1 ) slender, pterostigma long, rectangular, wider posteriorly. Areola postica wide, tall, rounded apically. Hindwing ( Fig. 2 ). Subgenital plate broad, with setae as illustrated ( Fig. 3 ), projected posteriorly, posterior border straight, pigmented area deeply cleft anteriorly in the middle. Gonapophyses ( Fig. 4 ) broad, setose, ninth sternum unpigmented, spermapore located anteriorly. Paraprocts ( Fig. 5 ) broadly elliptic, with setae as illustrated; a peripheral pigmented band partially surrounding the sensory fields, these with 12 trichobothria issuing from basal rosettes, and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette. Epiproct ( Fig. 5 ) trapeziform, with setae on posterior half, pigmented area concave anteriorly.

Measurements. FW: 2219, HW: 1673, F: 503, T: 900, t1: 309, t2: 98. Material examined. Holotype female. PANAMA. Canal Zone. Albrook Forest Site, 8º58’ N: 79º 34’ W, 33 m., July 13–14, 1967. Black light trap. Hutton & Llaurado. The type will be deposited in the E. L. Mockford Collection, School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA. Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality.

Lachesilla concaensis n. sp. Male

( Figs 6–9 )

Diagnosis. This is the only species in the forcepeta group in having the Rs-M veins in fore- and hind- wings joined by a crossvein. Epiproct with a setose, median posterior sclerotized process. Lachesilla laciniosiforceps García Aldrete and L. yanomamioides García Aldrete have similar claspers and epiproct, but L. concaensis differs from them in lacking the denticles on the inner border of the distal halves of the claspers.

Color (in 80% ethanol). Body tawny brown, wings hyaline, with a slight orange hue. Abdomen whitish, with ochre subcuticular bands less pigmented ventrally. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with unpigmented centripetal crescents. Abdomen with brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Forewing pterostigma long, almost rectangular, wider distally. Areola postica broadly triangular, apex rounded ( Fig. 6 ). Hindwing ( Fig. 7 ). Hypandrium wide, almost trapeziform, with setae as illustrated, claspers with proximal halves anteriorly pointed, outer posterior corners projected, setae as illustrated; distal halves slender, curved, distally rounded ( Fig. 8 ). Phallosome apodemes forming a baculum, distally expanded in two triangular, membranous sheets ( Fig. 8 ). Paraprocts broadly elliptic, setae as illustrated, sensory fields with 11 trichobothria in basal rosettes, and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 9 ). Epiproct trapeziform, strongly sclerotized peripherally, leaving an unpigmented area centrally, a setose, sclerotized process posteriorly in the middle ( Fig. 9 ).

Measurements. FW: 1904, HW: 1418, F: 396, T: 745, t1: 224, t2: 90, ctt1: 19, Mx4: 83, f1: 307, f2: 265, f3: 222, f4: 173, IO: 271: D: 172, d: 126, IO/d: 2.13, PO: 0.73.

Material examined. Holotype male. MEXICO. Querétaro. Sierra Gorda. Concá, 21º 26’29” N: 99º 37’53” W. 25.VI.2014, beating dead banana fronds, A. N. García Aldrete. The type is deposited in the National Insect Collection ( CNIN), located in the Instituto de Biología , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality.

Remarks. We examined 375 species of Lachesilla , including 43 undescribed, in 20 species groups; 14 species are either apterous, micropterous, brachypterous, or without information on wing venation; of the remaining 361 species, besides L. concaensis n. sp., only the Chinese L. crutifurcus Li , and the Argentinean L. peckorum García Aldrete , both in species group pedicularia, have the fore- and hindwing veins Rs-M joined by a crossvein. A total of 271 species have the forewing Rs-M fused or diverging from a point, and the hindwing Rs-M fused. In 37 species the forewing Rs-M are joined by a crossvein, and the hindwing Rs-M are fused.

Lachesilla herediana n. sp. Female

( Figs 10–14 )

Diagnosis. Subgenital plate with convex sides, converging to slightly concave posterior border, with a slender hyaline band and a row of setae along it; two longitudinal pigmented bands next each postero-lateral corner. Go- napophyses proximally constricted, wider in the middle, directed inwards, ninth sternum unpigmented, with large, round spermapore, located in the middle; surrounded by a broad pigmented rim. Lachesilla maculipenna García Aldrete , L. magna García Aldrete , L. aptena García Aldrete and L. erwini García Aldrete also have large spermapores; L. herediana differs from them in the shape of the subgenital plate, in the shape and size of the gonapophyses, and in having the spermapore sclerite circular, not irregular, and in having the forewings unpigmented.

Color (in 80% ethanol). Body reddish brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents. Maxillary palpus brown. Wings hyaline, stigmasac and R1 dark brown, other veins pale brown. Hindwing ( Fig. 11 ). Abdomen with reddish brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Forewing pterostigma long, rectangular, wider distally. Rs-M fused for a short length, areola postica wide, broadly triangular ( Fig. 10 ). Hindwing ( Fig. 11 ). Subgenital plate ( Fig. 12 ), inner pigmented bands in postero-lateral corners curved, pigmented area widely concave anteriorly. Gonapophyses directed postero-mesally, with a row of setae near to posterior border and some setae on surface, ninth sternum narrow, slightly concave anteriorly ( Fig. 13 ). Paraprocts broadly elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields round, with 10–11 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 14 ). Epiproct trapeziform, with setae on posterior half, pigmented area anteriorly concave ( Fig. 14 ).

Measurements. FW: 2007, HW: 1580, F: 444, T: 770, t1: 269, t2: 97, ctt1: 18, Mx4: 99, IO: 291, D: 195, d: 134, IO/d: 2.17, PO: 0.68.

Material examined. Holotype female. COSTA RICA. Heredia Province. Rara Avis, near Horquetas, 10º20’29.37” N: 83º57’21.63” W, 73 m. 19.XII.2003, beating forest vegetation, E. L. Mockford. The holotype will be deposited in the E. L. Mockford Collection, School of Biological Sciences , Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Heredia Province, Costa Rica, where the holotype was collected.

Lachesilla odontiforceps n. sp.

( Figs 15–21 )

Diagnosis. Hypandrium triangular; distal halves of claspers stout, acuminate distally, curved outwards, with a preapical denticle on outer edge; proximally with a mid sized, sclerotized acuminate process on inner border. Male epiproct with a median, elongate, trapeziform sclerotized posterior process. Subgenital plate broad, posteriorly projected in the middle, with a mesal, posteriorly pointed, setose promontory. Gonapophyses proximally narrow, wider in the middle, then narrowing distally to pointed apices. Ninth sternum unpigmented, with large, elliptic spermapore, surrounded by broad, pigmented spermapore sclerite. Only two other species in group forcepeta have the hypandrium triangular: L. dilatiforceps García Aldrete , from Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic, and L. pentaoides García Aldrete , from Amazonian Peru. L. odontiforceps n. sp., differs from the former in the structure of the claspers, in the posterior process of the male epiproct, in the size and shape of the subgenital plate, in the size and shape of the gonapophyses, and in the size and shape of the spermapore and spermapore sclerite. It differs from the latter in not having the hypandrium posteriorly projected in the middle, in the structure of the claspers, in having a posterior process in the male epiproct, in the shape of the subgenital plate, lacking pigmented longitudinal bands on the sides, in the shape and size of the gonapophyses, and in the shape and size of the spermapore.

Color (in 80% ethanol). Body brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents. Maxillary palpus brown. Wings hyaline, opaque, veins brown. Abdomen whitish, with ochre subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Compound eyes slightly below the level of the slightly concave vertex. Forewing pterostigma rectangular, wider distally; Rs-M diverging from a point, areola postica wider than long, rounded apically ( Fig. 15 ). Hindwing ( Fig. 16 ). Hypandrium triangular, setae as illustrated. Claspers broadly semicircular anteriorly, with two macrosetae distally near inner border; posterior halves robust; phallosome apodemes forming a baculum, distally with a transverse, elongate membranous area ( Fig. 17 ). Paraprocts almost elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields elliptic, with ten trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 18 ). Epiproct wider than long, straight anteriorly and posteriorly, setae as illustrated, strongly sclerotized along sides and posterior border, posteriorly in the middle with a short, sclerotized process, wider posteriorly ( Fig. 18 ).

Measurements. FW: 1587, HW: 1226, F: 337, T: 622, t1: 210, t2: 79, ctt1: 17, Mx4: 88, f1: 254, f2: 233, f3: 200, f4: 161, f5: 102, f6: 88, f7: 80, f8: 76, f9: 72, f10: 77, f11: 87, IO: 235, D: 159, d: 113, IO/d: 2.07, PO: 0.71.

Female. Color (in 80% ethanol). Same as in the male.

Morphology. Compound eyes and vertex as in the male. Wings as in the male. Subgenital plate broad, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 19 ), with a mesal protuberance posteriorly pointed, area posterior to the protuberance glabrous. Gonapophyses anteriorly narrow, wider in the middle, with sides converging to pointed apices, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 20 ), ninth sternum unpigmented, spermapore elliptic, located posteriorly ( Fig. 20 ). Paraprocts elliptic, setae as illustrated, sensory fields round, with 10 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 21 ). Epiproct broadly trapeziform, with setal field on posterior third ( Fig. 21 ).

Measurements. FW: 1843, HW: 1420, F: 367, T: 642, t1: 216, t2: 79, ctt1: 17, Mx4: 95, f1: 259, f2: 216, f3: 186, f4: 148, f5: 97, f6: 89, f7: 78, f8: 79, f9: 72, IO: 256, D: 219, d: 140, IO/d: 1.82, PO: 0.63.

Material examined. Holotype male. COSTA RICA. Heredia Province. Finca La Selva, 10º25’19” N: 84º00’54” W, 28.VI.1977, beating branches with hanging dead leaves, E. L. Mockford. 2 male paratypes, 1 female paratype, same data as the holotype. 1 female paratype, 1.VII.1979, same locality and collector as the holotype. The types will be deposited in the E. L. Mockford Collection, School of Biological Sciences , Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA.

Records. PANAMA. Canal Zone. Barro Colorado Island . 10.IV.1953 , 1 female, A. M. Nadler; 1 female, 20.IV.1953, same locality and collector .

Etymology. The specific epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the teeth in the male claspers.

Lachesilla oriximinaensis n. sp. Male

( Figs 22–25 )

Diagnosis. Hypandrium wide, almost rectangular. Proximal halves of the claspers almost rectangular, slightly wider posteriorly, distinctly longer than the distal halves, these slender, curved, with the apices knobbed. Phallosome baculum distally expanded in two large, triangular membranous sheets. Twelve species of Lachesilla in group forcepeta, all described by García Aldrete, have the apices of the claspers knobbed ( L. bahiana , L. cuala , L. ecuatoriana , L. estradaorum , L. filicicola , L. laciniosiforceps , L. longiforceps , L. mesomaculipenna , L. pigmentipenna , L. pigmentithorax , L. yanomami , and L. yanomamioides ). Lachesilla oriximinaensis differs from them by having the hypandrium large, subrectangular, and by having the distal halves of the claspers smooth and very slender.

Color (in 80% ethanol). Body tawny brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, without pigmented centripetal crescents. Wings hyaline, veins pale brown. Abdomen whitish, with pale brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Forewing and hindwing veins Rs and M fused for a short length ( Figs 22, 23 ). Forewing pterostigma long, rectangular, wider distally, areola postica broadly triangular, apex rounded ( Fig. 22 ). Hypandrium almost rectangular, 4.2 times as wide as tall. Proximal halves of claspers with setae as illustrated. Phallosome ( Fig. 24 ). Paraprocts broadly elliptic, setae as illustrated, sensory fields round, with 12 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 25 ). Epiproct concave anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, setae as illustrated ( Fig. 25 ).

Measurements. FW: 2374, HW: 1805, F: 563, T: 1119, t1: 418, t2: 95, ctt1: 25, IO: 304, D: 221, d: 163, IO/d: 1.86, PO: 0.73.

Material examined. Holotype male. BRAZIL. Pará. Oriximiná. Rio Trombetas, ALCOA mines, 2º29’47.67”S: 56º09’54.47”W, 129 m. 17–25.XI.1982, J. Vidal. The holotype will be deposited in the Invertebrate Collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia , in Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil ( INPA).

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality.

Lachesilla raravis n. sp.

( Figs 26–33 )

Diagnosis. Proximal halves of the claspers broad, approximately triangular, bearing three macrosetae posteriorly; distal halves of the claspers stout, curved outwards; right clasper with a short, acuminate projection distally on inner border, left clasper with a short acuminate projection distally on outer border. Subgenital plate broad, slightly projected posteriorly, with postero-lateral corners rounded. Gonapophyses proximally narrow, wider in the middle, then narrowing distally to pointed apices. Ninth sternum weakly pigmented, with large, triangular spermapore, surrounded by a slender pigmented rim. Lachesilla dilatiforceps García Aldrete , also has the distal halves of the claspers with a short, acuminate process distally on the inner border, but can be distinguished from L. raravis in (i) the shape of the hypandrium, triangular in the former in the shape of the claspers, with the proximal halves rounded, and the distal halves wider, with an acuminate process in the inner borders in the former, (ii) in the male epiproct, with a rectangular, median posterior process in the former, absent in the latter, (iii) in the shape of the subgenital plate, without pronounced postero-lateral corners and with distinct, large pigmented areas mesally on each side in the former, (iv) in the shape of the gonapophyses, wider proximally and narrowing distally to blunt ends in the former, not proximally constricted, wider in the middle and narrowing distally to pointed ends as in the latter, and (v) in the shape of the spermapore and spermapore sclerite, small, round, with spermapore sclerite broad, posteriorly pointed in the former, not large, triangular, surrounded by a slender spermapore sclerite as in the latter. The African L. furcata Badonnel is similar in having the distal half of the right clasper identical to that of L. raravis , but the distal half of the left clasper is distally truncate and irregularly denticulate; and the phallosome baculum distally extended in two elongate, sclerotized processes, not in triangular, membranous sheets. Lachesilla raravis is the only species in group forcepeta having a ninth sternum with a large, triangular spermapore.

Male. Color (in 80% ethanol). Body pale brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents. Wings hyaline, veins pale brown. Abdomen whitish, with pale brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Compound eyes large, extending slightly above the level of the concave vertex ( Fig. 26 ). Forewing pterostigma almost rectangular, wider distally; areola postica wider than long, rounded apically ( Fig. 27 ). Hindwing ( Fig. 28 ). Hypandrium narrow, slightly concave anteriorly, convex posteriorly ( Fig. 29 ). Phallosome apodemes fused to form a baculum, distally expanded in two mid-sized, triangular membranous sheets ( Fig. 29 ). Paraprocts broad, semi-elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields circular, with 11 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 30 ). Epiproct wide side to side, narrow anteroposteriorly, slightly concave anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, with setae on posterior half ( Fig. 30 ).

Measurements. FW: 1901, HW: 1478, F: 365, T: 735, Mx4: 91, IO: 224, D: 213, d: 154, IO/d: 1.45, PO: 0.72.

Female. Color (in 80 % ethanol). Same as in the male.

Morphology. Compound eyes much smaller than in the male, upper border well below the level of the vertex. Wings as in the male. Subgenital plate broad, with setae as illustrated, projected posteriorly, posterior border almost straight, pigmented area deeply cleft anteriorly in the middle ( Fig. 31 ). Gonapophyses, ninth sternum and spermapore ( Fig. 32 ). Paraprocts broad, almost elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields round, with 11 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 33 ). Epiproct trapeziform, with setae on posterior half ( Fig. 33 ).

Measurements. FW: 1938, HW: 1494, F: 365, T: 697, t1: 830, t2: 81, ctt1: 16, Mx4: 77, f1: 254, f2: 223, f3: 183, f4: 125, f5: 94, f6: 83, f7: 71, IO: 278, D: 177, d: 156, IO/d: 1.78, PO: 0.88.

Material examined. Holotype male. COSTA RICA. Heredia Province. Rara Avis, near Horquetas, 10º20’29.37” N: 83º57’21.63”W, 73 m., 19.XII.2003. Beating forest vegetation, E. L. Mockford; 1 paratype female with same data as the holotype. All types will be deposited in the E. L. Mockford Collection, School of Biological Sciences , Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA.

Etymology. The specific epithet, a noun in apposition, refers to the type locality.

Lachesilla tenuidenticulata n. sp.

( Figs 34–40 )

Diagnosis. Distal halves of the claspers slender, with a subapical small protuberance on the inner borders, bearing three small denticles. Male epiproct with a median, posterior, triangular sclerotized setose process, near the posterior border, with two sclerotized, diagonal bands anteriorly. Subgenital plate broad, projected posteriorly. Gonapophyses with sides almost parallel, converging distally to blunt apices. Ninth sternum unpigmented, with small, round spermapore located posteriorly, surrounded by a broad, pigmented spermapore sclerite. This species, together with L. concaensis , L. laciniosiforceps García Aldrete , L. yanomami García Aldrete and L. yanomamioides García Aldrete , constitutes a species assemblage characterized by having the distal outer corner of the proximal halves of the claspers projected posteriorly and the male epiproct with a median, posterior, triangular sclerotized process. Lachesilla tenuidenticulata differs from them, and from the other species in group forcepeta, in having a small protuberance with three denticles, subapically on the inner border of the distal halves of the claspers.

Male. Color (in 80% ethanol). Body pale brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents. Tergal lobes of meso- and metathorax slightly more pigmented. Wings hyaline, veins pale brown. Abdomen pale brown, with brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Forewing pterostigma elongate, almost rectangular, slightly wider distally; Rs-M joined by a short crossvein or diverging from a point, areola postica wider than tall, rounded apically ( Fig. 34 ). Hindwing ( Fig. 35 ). Hypandrium almost trapeziform, posteriorly convex, setae as illustrated; claspers and phallosome ( Fig. 36 ). Paraprocts elongate, elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields circular, with ten trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 37 ). Epiproct almost trapeziform, concave anteriorly, clunium projected over the area of the epiproct ( Fig. 37 ).

Measurements. FW: 2185, HW: 1615, F: 432, T: 744, t1: 235, t2: 85, ctt1: 16, Mx4: 88, f1: 262, f2: 268, f3: 224, IO: 280, D: 187, d: 129, IO/D: 2.17, PO: 0.68.

Female. Color (in 80% ethanol). Same as in the male.

Morphology. Wings as in the male. Subgenital plate projected posteriorly, posterior border straight, setal field triangular as illustrated, pigmented area deeply cleft anteriorly; sides and area next to posterior border glabrous ( Fig. 38 ). Gonapophyses, ninth sternum and spermapore ( Fig. 39 ). Paraprocts broadly elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields circular, with 11 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 40 ). Epiproct almost semi-circular, slightly concave anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, with field of setae on distal third ( Fig. 40 ).

Measurements. FW: 2240, HW: 1724, F: 433, T: 789, t1: 266, t2: 94, ctt1: 15, Mx4: 105, f1: 280, f2: 271, IO: 346, D: 159, d: 109, IO/d: 3.17, PO: 0.68.

Material examined. Holotype male. PANAMA. Chiriquí Province. 1.56 km N El Volcán, 8º49’49.52” N: 82º33’01.22” W, 2992 m., 22.VII.1961, J. M. Campbell; 1 paratype male, 2 paratypes female, same data as the holotype. The types will be deposited in the E. L. Mockford Collection, School of Biological Sciences , Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA.

Records. GUATEMALA. 15 km NE Guatemala City, 27.VIII.1968, beating miscellaneous shrubs and tres, burned pine-oak area, 1 male, 1 female . E. L. Mockford & A. N. García Aldrete. Amatitlán, United Nations National Park, 25.VIII.1973, beating dried Compositae plants, 2 females . A. N. García Aldrete. Antigua. Monument to Apóstol Santiago , 28.VIII.1973, beating Cupressus , 1 male ; on dead hanging leaves of shrubs, 1 female. A. N. García Aldrete. MEXICO. Chiapas. Pueblo Nuevo. 40 km N. Rd. 190, 17.VII.1962, beating vegetation, 1 female . F. Hill & E. L. Mockford. Lagunas de Montebello , 60 km SE Comitán, 1500 m., 11.VIII.1975, beating vegetation in liquidambar forest, 1 male ; beating Pinus , 1 female. A. N. García Aldrete. 28 km E Tuxtla Gutiérrez , 30. VI.1981, beating branches with dead leaves on mountain slope, 1 male, 1 female . A. N. García Aldrete & L. Menchaca. Veracruz. Los Tuxtlas. Rd. to El Vigía, 6 km N Santiago Tuxtla, on Hwy. 180, 18 km from Hwy. Beating branches with dried leaves on forest edge, 1 female . E. L. Mockford. 10 km NE San Andrés Tuxtla, rd. to Volcán San Martín, 14.VII.1973, beating vegetation in forest, 1 female , A. N. García Aldrete.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the tenuous denticles on the distal halves of the claspers.

Lachesilla ticana n. sp.

( Figs 41–48 )

Diagnosis. Hypandrium wide, narrow, straight anteriorly, concave posteriorly. Proximal halves of the claspers almost semi-circular, with 16 – 19 setae over the surface; distal halves of the claspers stout, curved, with knobbed apices; paraprocts densely setose. Subgenital plate broad, with posteriorly pointed protuberance bearing a field of setae, area posterior to the protuberance glabrous, posterior border concave. Gonapophyses large, proximally narrow, wider in the middle, then narrowing distally to blunt apices. Ninth sternum unpigmented, with medium sized round spermapore, surrounded by large, elliptic, spermapore sclerite. The following species described by García Aldrete also have the apices of the distal halves of the claspers knobbed: L. bahiana , L. cuala , L. ecuatoriana , L. estradaorum , L. filicicola , L. laciniosiforceps , L. longiforceps , L. mesomaculipenna , L. pigmentipenna , L. pigmentithorax , L. yanomami and L. yanomamioides . However, L. ticana can be distinguished from these these taxa by the size and shape of the hypandrium, narrow, straight anteriorly and concave posteriorly in the latter, the semi-circular shape of proximal halves of the claspers; and the stout, smooth and strongly knobbed the distal halves of the claspers. Other species also exhibit similar subgenital plates, gonapophyses, spermapores and spermapore sclerites as those found in L. ticana : L. aptena , L. erwini , and L. magna , all described by García Aldrete and L. valvula New & Thornton. However, these species can be easily differentiated from L. ticana by (i) being macropterous; (ii) by the size of the spermapore, smaller in the latter, and (iii) by the shape of the spermapore sclerite, large, elliptic in the latter, and from the other species by the male genitalia, by the smaller size of the spermapore and by the size and shape of the spermapore sclerite, large and elliptic in the latter.

Male. Color (in 80% ethanol). Body brown. Compound eyes black, ocelli hyaline, with ochre centripetal crescents. Tergal lobes of meso- and metathorax dark brown, with whitish bands along the sulci. Wings hyaline, veins brown. Abdomen pale brown, with brown subcuticular segmental rings, less pigmented ventrally.

Morphology. Forewing Rs-M fused for a short distance, pterostigma elongate, rectangular, wider distally, areola postica broadly triangular, rounded apically ( Fig. 41 ). Hindwing ( Fig. 42 ). Phallosome apodemes fused to form a slender baculum, distally expanded in two large, broadly triangular, membranous sheets ( Fig. 43 ). Hypandrium and claspers ( Fig. 43 ). Paraprocts broad, almost elliptic, with dense field of setae as illustrated, sensory fields round, with 13 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 44 ).

Measurements. FW: 3232, HW: 2446, F: 703, T: 1249, t1: 433, t2: 123, ctt1: 26.

Female. Color (in 80% ethanol). Same as in the male.

Morphology. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 45 ), pigmented area deeply cleft anteriorly in the middle. Gonapophyses, ninth sternum and spermapore ( Fig. 46 ). Paraprocts broad, elliptic, with setae as illustrated, sensory fields circular, with 15 trichobothria in basal rosettes and one marginal trichobothrium without basal rosette ( Fig. 47 ). Epiproct almost semi-circular, straight anteriorly, rounded posteriorly, with setae as illustrated ( Fig. 48 ).

Measurements. FW: 2627, HW: 1976, F: 623, T: 1132, t1: 418, t2: 111, ctt1: 25, Mx4: 113, f1: 350, f2: 345, f3: 295, f4: 238, f5: 123, f6: 117, IO: 331, D: 207, d: 150, IO/d: 2.20, PO: 0.72.

Material examined. Holotype male. COSTA RICA. San José Province. 13 km N. San Isidro, beating dried banana fronds, E. L. Mockford; 1 paratype female with same data as the holotype. The types will be deposited in the E. L. Mockford Collection, School of Biological Sciences , Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois, USA.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Costa Rican origin of this species; the Costa Ricans are called “ticos”.

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. Lachesilla albrookensis n. sp. (Holotype female) 1. Right forewing. 2. Right Hindwing. 3. Subgenital plate. 4. Gonapophyses and ninth sternum. 5. Right paraproct and epiproct. Figure 2 to scale of Figure 1. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 6–9. Lachesilla concaensis n. sp. (Holotype male). 6. Right forewing. 7. Right Hindwing. 8. Phallosome, hypandrium and claspers. 9. Right paraproct and epiproct. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 10–14. Lachesilla herediana n. sp. (Holotype female). 10. Right forewing. 11. Right Hindwing. 12. Subgenital plate. 13. Gonapophyses and ninth sternum. 14. Right paraproct and epiproct. Figure 11 to scale of Figure 10. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 15–21. Lachesilla odontiforceps n. sp. (Holotype male: 15–18; paratype female: 19–21). 15. Right forewing. 16. Right Hindwing. 17. Phallosome, hypandrium and claspers. 18 Right paraproct and epiproct. 19. Subgenital plate. 20. Gonapophyses and ninth sternum. 21. Left paraproct and epiproct. Figure 16 to scale of Figure 15. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 22–25. Lachesilla oriximinaensis n. sp. (Holotype male). 22. Right forewing. 23. Right Hindwing. 24. Phallosome, hypandrium and claspers. 25. Left paraproct and epiproct. Figure 23 to scale of Figure 22. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 26–30. Lachesilla raravis n. sp. (Holotype male). 26. Front view of head. 27. Right forewing. 28. Right Hindwing. 29. Phallosome, hypandrium and claspers. 30 Left paraproct and epiproct. Figure 28 to scale of Figure 27. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 31–33. Lachesilla raravis n. sp. (Paratype female). 31. Subgenital plate. 32. Gonapophyses and ninth sternum. 33. Left paraproct and epiproct. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 34–40. Lachesilla tenuidenticulata n. sp. (Holotype male: 34–37; paratype female: 38–40). 34. Right forewing. 35. Right Hindwing. 36. Phallosome, hypandrium and claspers. 37. Left paraproct and epiproct. 38. Subgenital plate. 39. Gonapophyses and ninth sternum. 40. Left paraproct and epiproct. Figure 35 to scale of Figure 34. Scales in mm.

FIGURES 41–48. Lachesilla ticana n. sp. (Holotype male: 41–44; paratype female: 45–48). 41. Right forewing. 42. Right Hindwing. 43. Phallosome, hypandrium and claspers. 44. Left paraproct. 45. Subgenital plate. 46. Gonapophyses and ninth sternum. 47. Left paraproct. 48. Epiproct. Figure 42 to scale of Figure 41. Scales in mm.