Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905)

Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey, Forshage, Mattias & Buffington, Matthew L., 2024, Circumscription of the Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905) species complex (Hymenoptera, Figitidae), and the description of two new species parasitizing the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, 1931 (Diptera, Drosophilidae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 97, pp. 441-470 : 441-470

Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905)

Figs 1 A , 3 A, B , 4 A

Diagnosis.

Separated from G. kimorum and G. lupini by the sculpturing on the side of the scutellum. In G. brasiliensis , this area has distinct dorso-ventral carinae enclosing one or a few cells (Fig. 3 A ). In G. kimorum and G. lupini , this area is totally smooth (arrows, Fig. 3 C, E ). Further separated from G. kimorum by the well-developed ovipositor clip that is expanded across more the half the width of the ovipositor valve (Fig. 4 A ).

Redescription.

As in the description for the G. brasiliensis species complex, but lateral aspect of pronotum with distinct ridge with associated fovea; ovipositor clip large, extending beyond the halfway point across the fused ovipositor valve. Previous studies referencing ‘ Gb G 5 ’ or ‘ G 5 ’, refer to this species ( Nomano et al. 2017).

Material examined.

Lectotype (female): Collection Ashmead [first label]; Ipiranga, Brazil [second label]; No 2066 from a peach [third label]; S. S. Paulo Museum 190 [third label]; Lectotype [fourth label, red, Weld’s hand]; Ipiranga, S. S. Paulo Museum 190, No. 4066 a, on peach [folded hand-written label]; EUCOILIDAE , Pseudeucoila (Hexamerocera) brasiliensis Ashmead [white computer generated label]; USNMENT 0119750 . Deposited in USNM . Paralectotype (male): Collection Ashmead [first label]; Hexamerocera brasiliensis male / female symbol Ashm (over) [front side, second label] ex Drosophila punctata fruitfly [back side, second label]; Paratype [third label, red]; Eucoila (Hexamerocera) brasiliensis Ihering [fourth label, in Weld’s hand]; Pseudeucoila brasiliensis (R. v. Ihr.) [fifth label, Weld’s hand); EUCOILIDAE Eucoila brasiliensis [white computer generated label]; USNMENT 01119745 . Deposited in USNM .

Other material examined.

Panama: Monte Oscuro, June-July ’ 95 [1895] Z- 5203, USNMENT 01119746 (male); USNMENT 01119747 (female) ; Panama City, Z- 3661 [no date]; 2 male specimens / pin: USNMENT 01119748 – USNMENT 01119749 , USNMENT 01119740 – USNMENT 01119742 ; Canal Zone, Balboa, VI. 10.1936, J Zetek, collector, P. R. no. 1803; 4 females: USNMENT 01119645 – USNMENT 01119648 ; 3 males: USNMENT 01119649 , USNMENT 01119743 , USNMENT 01119744 ; Monte Oscuro, Panama City, Z- 3666 [no date]; 1 female: USNMENT 01119650 ; Monte Oscuro, Panama City, Z- 3665 [no date]; 1 female: USNMENT 01119651 ; Monte Oscuro, Panama City, Z- 3665, ex Anastrepha acidusa , emerge 2–3 weeks after last fly out- 25 days after pupation [no date]; 1 female: USNMENT 01119652 ; Ancon , Canal Zone, Z- 2748, Ex Anastrepha fratercula or Drosophila striata , July 1927, I. Molino, collector; 2 females: USNMENT 01119653 and USNMENT 01119654 ; Taboga Island , Sept. 30, 1926, I. Molino, collector, Z- 2727; 11 females: USNMENT 01119656 – USNMENT 01119665 , 1 male: USNMENT 01119666 ; Panama City, Z- 3222, Ex Anastrepha serpentina in nispero, May 1930, J Zetek, collector; 2 males: USNMENT 01119667 , USNMENT 01119668 ; Ancon, Canal Zone, Z- 2715, Oct. 12, 1926, bred by Molina, ex fruit of Spondias lutea , parasite of diptera Z- 2716; 1 female: USNMENT 01119669 . Guadeloupe: Ganaspis G. 302.1, Y. Carton; 3 females: USNMENT 01119670 – USNMENT 01119672 ; 3 males USNMENT 01119673 – USNMENT 01119675 .

Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI) Barcode region.

> Pseudoeucoila _ brasiliensis _ AP 7 BC 36 ( USNMENT 01119647 )

NNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNAATTTGATCAGGAATAATTGGATCAAGTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGTCTA GAATTAGGCACCCCTTCACAATTAATTAATAATGATCAAATTTATAATACAATTGTTACCACTCATGC ATTTGTAATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAGTAGGAGGATTTGGAAATTACTTAATTCCCT TAATATTATCTGCCCCTGATATATCATTTCCTCGTCTTAATAATATAAGATTCTGATTATTAATTCCT TCTTTAATTTTAATAATTTCAAGTATATTTATTGATGAAGGATCTGGAACCGGATGAACCATTTATCC TCCTTTATCATTAAATAAATCACATCCAGGAATTTCAACTGATTTAGTAATTTTCTCCCTTCATCTTA GAGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGGATCAATTAATTTTATTACAACTATTTTAAATATACGACCTAATTTT ATAAGTATAGATAAAATTTCTTTATTTACTTGATCCATTTTTCTTACTACCATTTTATTATTATTATC TTTACCAGTATTAGCAGGCGGAATCACTATATTATTATTTGACCGAAACATTAATACATCTTTTTATG ACCCAATAGGAGGAGGTGATCCTATTC

> Ganaspis _ brasiliensis _ 2966

TATATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGAATAATTGGATCAAGTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGACTAGAAT TAGGCACCCCTTCACAATTAATTAATAATGATCAAATTTATAATACAATTGTTACCACTCATGCATTTGTAA TAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAGTAGGAGGATTTGGAAATTACTTAATTCCTTTAATATTATCTG CCCCTGATATATCATTTCCTCGTCTTAATAATATAAGATTCTGATTATTAATCCCTTCTTTAATTTTAATAA TTTCAAGTATATTTATTGATGAAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCATTAAATAAAT CACATCCAGGAATTTCAACTGATTTAGTAATTTTCTCCCTTCATCTTAGAGGAATCTCTTCAATTCTAGGAT CAATTAATTTTATTACAACTATTTTAAATATACGACCTAATTTTATAAGTATAGATAAAATTTCTTTATTTA CTTGATCTATTTTTCTTACTACCATTTTACTATTATTATCTTTACCAGTATTAGCAGGTGGAATCACTATAT TACTGTTTGATCGAAACATTAATACATCTTTTTATGATCCAATAGGAGGAGGTGACCCTATTCTATACCAAC ATTTATTC

> Ganaspis _ brasiliensis _ 2919

TATATTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGATCAGGAATAATTGGATCAAGTTTAAGAATAATTATTCGACTAGAA TTAGGCACCCCTTCACAATTAATTAATAATGATCAAATTTATAATACAATTGTTACCACTCATGCATTTGT AATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAGTAGGAGGATTTGGAAATTACTTAATTCCTTTAATATTAT CTGCCCCTGATATATCATTTCCTCGTCTTAATAATATAAGATTCTGATTATTAATCCCTTCTTTAATTTTA ATAATTTCAAGTATATTTATTGATGAAGGATCTGGAACAGGATGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCATTAAA TAAATCACATCCAGGAATTTCAACTGATTTAGTAATTTTCTCCCTTCATCTTAGAGGAATCTCTTCAATTC TAGGATCAATTAATTTTATTACAACTATTTTAAATATACGACCTAATTTTATAAGTATAGATAAAATTTCT TTATTTACTTGATCTATTTTTCTTACTACCATTTTACTATTATTATCTTTACCAGTATTAGCAGGTGGAAT CACTATATTACTGTTTGATCGAAACATTAATACATCTTTTTATGATCCAATAGGAGGAGGTGACCCTATTC TATACCAACATTTATTC

Biology.

Kionobiont endoparasitoid of Drosophila melanogaster , D. simulans , and other Drosophila in decaying fruit. Original description and some label data suggesting Anastrepha ( Tephritidae ) as a host are most likely to represent erroneous associations (cf. Buffington and Forshage 2016).

Figures

Figure 1. Type-specimens of the species belonging to the G. brasiliensis species complex A brasiliensis, lectotype B kimorum, holotype C lupini, holotype.

Figure 3. Comparison of the scutellar morphology between G. brasiliensis (A, B), G. lupini (C, D) and G. kimorum (E, F). Black arrows indicate sculptured (A) and smooth (C, E) lateral aspect of scutellum.

Figure 4. Comparison of the ovipositor clip between G. lupini (A, C) and G. kimorum (B, D). A G. lupini ovipositor tip, lateral view B G. kimorum, ovipositor tip, lateral view C G. lupini ventral of ovipositor showing ovipositor clip and membrane D G. kimorum ventral of ovipositor showing ovipositor clip and membrane. Black arrows indicate the location of the ovipositor clip.