Campellolebias dorsimaculatus

Wilson J. E. M. Costa, 2006, Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships among species of the seasonal, internally inseminating, South American killifish genus Campellolebias (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae), with the description of a new species., Zootaxa 1227, pp. 31-55 : 36-39

Campellolebias dorsimaculatus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil

(Figs. 2-3)

Campellolebias dorsimaculatus Costa, Lacerda & Brasil, 1989: 66 ( type locality: temporary pool in border of forest [near Icapara, lower rio Ribeira de Iguape basin], Municipio de Iguape , Estado de São Paulo, Brazil, 24°37’S 47°30’W [correctly 24°40’0.4”S 47°26’4.4”W, altitude 10 m]; holotype: MZUSP 38813 ).

Material examined

Brazil: Estado de São Paulo: MZUSP 38813 , holotype; MZUSP 38814 , 1 paratype; MZUSP 38815 , 12 paratypes; temporary pool in border of forest, near Icapara, Municipio de Iguape, lower rio Ribeira de Iguape basin ; G. C. Brasil & D. Nielsen, 31 Mar. 1988 . MZUSP 38816 , 1 paratype; MZUSP 11493 , 2 paratypes; MNRJ 11493 , 2 paratypes; same locality and collectors, 19 Jul. 1988 . UFRJ 6309 , 2; UFRJ 6310 , 3 (c&s); same locality , A. C. De Luca, 2001 . UFRJ 6311 , 1; same locality , W. J. E. M. Costa, B. B. Costa & C. P. Bove, 12 Dec. 2005 .

Diagnosis

Distinguished from all other congeners by having: pelvic-fin bases medially in contact (vs. separated by interspace), iridescent dots arranged in vertical rows on flank in males (vs. iridescent spots arranged in horizontal rows), dark chromatophores arranged in vertically elongated spots on flank in females (vs. arranged in horizontal lines), 9-10 dark brown bars on flank in males (vs. no dark brown bars on flanks), two pale purple stripes on flank in males (vs. no pale purple stripe on flanks), and black spot on posterior portion of dorsal fin (vs. no distinctive black spot on posterior portion of dorsal fin).

Description

Morphometric data given in Table 1. Males larger than females, largest male 28.4 mm SL, largest female 26.5 mm SL. Dorsal profile convex from snout to end of dorsal-fin base, approximately straight on caudal peduncle. Ventral profile slightly convex from lower jaw to end of anal-fin base, nearly straight on caudal peduncle. Body moderately slender, slightly compressed. Greatest body depth at level of pelvic-fin base.

Dorsal and anal fins pointed, moderately elongate in males, tip reaching vertical through caudal-fin base; dorsal and anal fins rounded, short and without filamentous rays in females. Caudal fin rounded. Pectoral fins elliptical. Posterior margin of pectoral fins reaching vertical between pelvic-fin base and anus in males, through vertical just in front pelvic-fin base in females. Tip of pelvic fins reaching anterior portion of pseudogonopodium base in males, reaching urogenital papilla in females. Pelvic-fin bases medially in contact. Dorsal-fin origin anterior to anal-fin origin, anal-fin origin on vertical between base of 2nd and 3rd dorsal-fin rays in males, between base of 3rd and 5th dorsalfin rays in females. Dorsal-fin origin between neural spines of vertebrae 9 and 11. Anal-fin origin between pleural ribs of vertebrae 10 and 11 in males, between pleural ribs of vertebrae 11 and 12 in females. Dorsal-fin rays 16-18; anal-fin rays 2 + 13-15 in male, 15-16 in females; caudal-fin rays 26-30; pectoral-fin rays 13-14; pelvic-fin rays 5-6.

Scales large, cycloid. Body and head entirely scaled, except on anteroventral surface of head. Dorsal and anal-fin bases without scales. Scales covering anterior 10 % of caudal fin. Frontal squamation E-patterned, E-scales not overlapping. Longitudinal series of scales 26-27; transverse series of scales 7-8; scale rows around caudal peduncle 12. Three to five minute contact organs on exposed margin of each scale of ventral portion of flank in males. Minute papillate contact organs on internal surface of distal portion of pectoralfin rays 1-4 in males.

Cephalic neuromasts: supraorbital 2 + 10-13, parietal 1, anterior rostral 1-2, posterior rostral 1-2, infraorbital 1-2 + 21-26, preorbital 3, otic 1-2, post-otic 2-3, supratemporal 1, median opercular 1, ventral opercular 3, preopercular 18-22, mandibular 8-12, lateral mandibular 2-5, paramandibular 1. Two to six neuromasts on each scale of lateral series. Transverse row of five neuromasts on caudal-fin base.

Basihyal subtriangular, longest width about 35 % of length; basihyal cartilage about 30 % of total length of basihyal. Six branchiostegal rays. Second pharyngobranchial absent. Gill-rakers on first branchial arch 2 + 8. Vomerine teeth absent. Dermosphenotic absent. Ventral process of posttemporal absent. Total vertebrae 27-28.

Coloration

Males: Sides of body purplish brown, with 9-10 brown bars alternating with vertical rows of golden dots, all overlapped by narrow pale purple stripe on lateral midline and other similar stripe just below lateral midline. Sides of head dark purplish red, scales of opercular region golden. Iris bright yellowish green, with dark reddish brown bar through center of eye. Dorsum light brown. Venter white to bluish white; dark reddish gray stripe along ventrolateral region of head; dark brown midventral stripe from lower jaw to pseudogonopodium. Dorsal and anal fins dark orangish pink green, with small reddish brown spots on basal and posterior portions, and one or two black spots on posterior portion of dorsal fin; light blue iridescence on distal and anterior portions, narrow submarginal zone and narrow golden line along anterior edge of fins. Caudal fin light green, with small reddish brown spots, and narrow golden marginal line. Pelvic fins dark reddish brown, with narrow golden line on anterior margin. Pectoral fins hyaline.

Females: Sides of body light yellowish gray, with dark gray vertically elongated blotches; small black spots on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Venter white to pale golden. Opercular region greenish golden. Iris light yellow, with brown bar through center of eye. Unpaired fins hyaline, with small black spots on basal region, larger on caudal-fin posterior portion of dorsal fin. Pectoral fins hyaline. Pelvic fins gray.

Distribution

Temporary pools in the lower rio Ribeira de Iguape basin, coastal plains of São Paulo, Brazil (Fig. 4).