Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello, 1988 )

Redü, Darlan Rutz & Zefa, Edison, 2017, Anurogryllus Saussure, 1877 (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Gryllinae) from southern Brazil: new species and new records, Zootaxa 4290 (3), pp. 559-570 : 564-566

Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello, 1988)

( Figures 3 A– I, 4G– I, 5C)

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:33513

Urogryllus toledopizai: de Mello (1988) Revista de Agricultura 63(2), 245, original description ( Figs. 1–3 ); García-Novo (2002) Transactions of the American Entomological Society 128(1): 31, calling song ( Figs. 1 – 6). Holotype in MZSP, examined.

Material examined (24 ♂). Brazil, RS, Capão do Leão , Campus universitário da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 31°48'03.4"S 52°25'05.8"W, 13.xi.2007 , E. Zefa leg., specimen code 12DA / 20.xi.2007, E. Zefa leg., specimen code 14DA / Cerro das Almas, 31°46'52.7"S 52°35'20.8"W, 16.xi.2009, E. Zefa & D. R. Redü leg., specimens code 101DA, 103DA / Canguçu , BR-392, 31°20'57.0"S 52°43'54.3"W, 21.xi.2012 , D. R. Redü leg., specimen code AD01 / 23.xii.2012, D. R. Redü leg., specimens code AD02, AD03, AD04, AD05 / 25.xii.2013, D. R. Redü leg., specimens code AD10, AD11, AA04, AA05, AA06, AA07, AA08 / 26.xii.2013, D. R. Redü leg., specimens code AD12, AD13 / 26.i.2014, D. R. Redü leg., specimen code AA03 / São Lourenço do Sul , São João da Reserva, 31°17'39.43"S 52°09'02.76"W, 30.xii.2012 , A. S. Neutzling leg., specimens code AP01, AP02, AA01, AA02 / 15.i.2013, A. S. Neutzling leg., specimen code RE01.

Morphology. body dark brown, legs lighter. Head reddish brown; vertex with bands that alternate coloration; coronal suture bisinuous; eyes black with a mediodorsal zone of depigmented ommatidia; three ocelli arranged in a triangle, light and rounded, a line through the lower edge of the lateral ocelli does not touch the middle ocellus; front bulging in side view; two small dark spots below the middle ocellus; small dark spots scattered across the gena and front; antennal fossa deep; escape light brown; pedicel dark brown; flagellum with some light or dark antennomeres; clypeus with the border and the central region depigmented, forming a trident; labrum with the lower portion greenish brown, two dark spots at the lower apex; mandibula darker than the labrum and maxilla; maxillary palp with five palpomeres; third and fourth subequal and longer than the first and second; fifth longest, claviform with apex rounded and sulcate; labial palp with three palpomeres, the third longest and claviform. Thorax: pronotum pubescent, darker on the edges and reddish in the center of the disc, two bilateral reddish marks in leaf form; anterior margin of pronotum disc straight and with bristles; posterior margin of pronotum disc straight; lateral lobe with anterior angle slightly acute and depigmented, posterior angle rounded, margin dilated; prosternum, mesosternum and metasternum light brown, one black line in the center of prosternum. Legs pubescents; legs I and II similar; coxa and trochanter lighter; femur I darker in the distal portion; tibia I with one external and two internal apical spurs, external tympanum oblong, without internal tympanum; femur II darker in the distal portion; tibia II with two external apical spurs and two internal apical spurs; femur III robust, darker on the distal external lateral and dorsoapical portions; tibia III without spines; variable number of subapical spurs, seven our six external and seven our six internal; three external apical spurs, the first shorter, the second and third longer; three internal apical spurs, the first shorter, second and third subequal and longer than the externals; basitarsus III with two rows of dorsal spines, two apical spurs, the internal longer than the external. Right tegmen covers all abdomen or leaves uncovered the last four tergites; dorsal field light; basal area with vein 1A irregular and parallel to Cu2, vein 2A thick; chordal area with veins Cu2 and 1A parallel and arcuate, veins 2A and 3A parallel to the tegmen border, one small vein connecting Cu2 to the mirror; apical area reduced and reticulate; harp with two cross veins; mirror rounded in the apex, cross vein semicircular; lateral field darker along the veins M, R, Sc and hyaline along the six or seven accessory veins; stridulatory file with 101 ± 7 teeth (87–119; n=20); metathoracic wings vestigial. Abdomen: tergites I to IV darker on the sides, tergites V and posterior darker than the tergites I to IV; supra-anal plate truncated at apex, with two large bilateral spots, several small scattered spots; sternites with the border and two median lines darker; subgenital plate light, apex rounded; cerci uniform, covered with bristles.

Genitalia: pseudepiphallic median lobes elongated, slender and dentated; pseudepiphallic parameters slender at the lateral apex, shorter than the median lobes; repli ectophallic ventral sclerotized, extremity do not reach the pseudepiphallic parameters; ectophallic arc wide, short in lateral tips and long in the central portion, basal concavity attenuated, apical convexity accentuated, curved towards apical when in lateral view; rami connected at the basal portion, circular, apical end bifid.

Calling song (Tab. 01): discontinuous and irregular trill; first three or four pulses may have less intensity than the rest of the trill; pulse period 22.88 ± 0.49ms (22.26–23.95; n=14); pulse rate of 44 ± 1p/s (42–47; n=14); dominant frequency of 5180 ± 167Hz (4820–5420; n=14).

Measurements (mm): body length = 16.04 ± 1.25 (13.79–18.8; n=24); pronotal length = 2.6 ± 0.26 (2.13–3; n=24); pronotal width = 4.16 ± 0.17 (3.83–4.47; n=24); head width = 3.71 ± 0.17 (3.29–4.06; n=24); interocular distance = 2.06 ± 0.13 (1.79–2.3; n=24); femur III length = 9.48 ± 0.52 (8.46–10.31; n=24); tibia III length = 6.61 ± 0.37 (5.81–7.44; n=24); tibia III + basitarsus length = 9.84 ± 0.47 (9.06–10.88; n=24); tegmen length = 8.93 ± 0.44 (8.15–9.77; n=19); tegmen width = 6.36 ± 0.3 (5.88–6.99; n=18); cerci length = 6.73 ± 0.47 (5.95–7.36; n=15).

Habitat and habits. individuals were collected between November to February, but the adults occur in greater number from December to January. Males stridulating for the first three hours after sunset. They can sing on the ground, protected by vegetation and away from its burrow, as well as sing in shrubs up to 1 meter. They do not build an acoustic shell.

Figures

FIGURE 1. — Anurogryllus tapes sp. nov. holotype general morphology. A—habitus, dorsal; B—habitus, ventral; C—head and pronotum, dorsal; D—head and pronotum, lateral; E—femur III, lateral; F—external tympanum in the tibia I; G—right tegmen, dorsal; H—supra-anal plate, dorsal; I—subgenital plate, ventral.

FIGURE 2. — Anurogryllus patos sp. nov. holotype general morphology. A—habitus, dorsal; B—habitus, ventral; C—head and pronotum, dorsal; D—head and pronotum, lateral; E—femur III, lateral; F—external tympanum in the tibia III; Ginternal tympanum in the tibia III; H—right tegmen, dorsal; I—supra-anal plate, dorsal; J—subgenital plate, ventral.

FIGURE 3. — Anurogryllus toledopizai (de Mello, 1988) general morphology. A—habitus, dorsal; B—habitus, ventral; Chead and pronotum, dorsal; D—head and pronotum, lateral; E—femur III, lateral; F—external tympanum in the tibia III; Gright tegmen; H—supra-anal plate, dorsal; I—subgenital plate, ventral.