Atopida White, 1846

Kiałka, Agata & Ruta, Rafał, 2022, Revision of Atopida White, 1846 (Coleoptera: Scirtoidea: Scirtidae), Zootaxa 5174 (4), pp. 401-443 : 403-412

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5174.4.6
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:196884A6-1AF7-4C16-B2C5-D05C7F78E1CC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6993092
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A0384152-FF9A-0238-4DE7-FB8DFF5CF98C
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Atopida White, 1846
status

Treatment

Atopida White, 1846

( Figs 1–17 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13 View FIGURE 14 View FIGURE 15 View FIGURE 16 View FIGURE 17 )

Atopida White, 1846: 8 (new genus,

type species: Atopida castanea White, 1846 , by monotypy).

Atopida: Kiałka & Ruta 2017: 21–27 View Cited Treatment (catalogue)

Diagnosis. Body elongated, small to large; pronotum usually widest in anterior 1/3, rarely in 1/2 of its length; subantennal fossae deep; apical labial palpomere articulated on the side of the preapical one; trigonium of penis not divided, parameres of tegmen without modifications.

Redescription. Male. Body elongated, small to large (TL 2.4–6.9 mm), 1.9–2.4× longer than wide, sides of elytra subparallel, moderately convex. Body yellowish-brown to dark brown, legs and antenna often lighter. Punctation on head and pronotum usually granulate, strong and dense, punctures often touching each other, punctation on elytra simple, not granulate. Body covered with short to long, adherent to erect setae.

Head rather wide, W/L ca. 1.2, base of head covered with pronotum. Eyes big, oval, slightly protuberant, gently faceted. Distance from posterior margin of eye to occipital ridge distinctly longer than diameter of eye. Distance from the ventral margin of the eye to subgenal ridge ( Figs 3A, C View FIGURE 3 ) varies from 0.4–1.0 diameter of eye. Supraantennal ridges ( Fig. 3E View FIGURE 3 ) well-marked, slightly to significantly elevated, extending into clypeal margin. Subantennal fossae ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ) deep, wide, reach margin of eye and toward bottom of head, separated from eye with subocular carinae. Frontoclypeal suture absent. Clypeus short, strongly transverse, lateral margins strongly converging anteriorly, anterior edge straight to subtly semicircularly emarginated. Anteclypeus well visible, narrower and slightly longer than clypeus. Ventral side of head between subgenal ridges concave. Gular area convex, square. Submentum wider and slightly longer than mentum, flat, hexagonal, square to transverse, separated from gula. Antennae filiform; antennomere 1 cylindrical, broad, slightly flattened; antennomere 2 globular to cylindrical, the shortest; antennomere 3 narrow, ca. 2.2× longer than antennomere 2, antennomeres 4–11 distinctly wider than antennomere 3, antennomere 4 slightly longer than antennomere 3, antennomeres 4–10 as long as antennomere 3, apical antennomere longer, as long as antennomeres 2 and 3 combined. Labrum ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ) narrower than clypeus, transversely rectangular, anterior margin deeply semicircularly indented, with long setae, front angles rounded. Mandibles ( Fig. 4A View FIGURE 4 ) slightly asymmetrical, narrowly triangular, ca. 2× longer than width at bases, apices unidentate, acute; with short carina on the external edge, abruptly curved in apical third, with setae covering 2/3 of its length; internal edge with triangular denticle and carina with 3 smaller denticles, not covered with setae, denticles developed somewhat better on left mandible; prostheca absent; molar region without denticles or setation. Maxillae ( Fig. 4C View FIGURE 4 ): basistipes with distinct setation; maxillary palpi short; palpomere 1 poorly subconical, slightly longer than wide, palpomeres 2 and 3 about 2× longer than palpomere 1, apical maxillary palpomere about same length as palpomere 3, slightly narrower, bulbous at base and pointed at apex, covered with setae at basal 2/3. Galea slightly elongated, apex with two types of setae—some of setae short and straight, forming fan-shaped structure, other setae much longer, “feathered”, and irregularly arranged. Lacinia elongated, covered with straight, sparse setae in the lower half and with longer, denser, bulkier on apex. Labium ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ): mentum subtrapezoidal, as wide as long; praementum strongly sclerotized, narrow at base, then strongly widening, anterior edge semicircular, covered with numerous straight setae. Labial palpomere 1 angular, long, without setae; palpomere 2 broadly oval, larger than palpomere 1; apical palpomere inserted laterally, oval, slightly shorter than palpomere 2, without setae.

Pronotum ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ) transverse, subrectangular, narrower at base than in anterior part, in most species widest in anterior 1/3. Lateral edges rounded, even or crenulate. Anterior margin slightly rounded, not projecting beyond anterolateral angles, covering base of head. Anterolateral angles subtriangular, often acute and projecting. Posterolateral angles obtuse to acute, well-marked. Basal portion of pronotum with well-marked groove, basal margin of pronotum bisinuate ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ). Prosternal process elongate ( Figs 3B, C View FIGURE 3 ), ca. 3–4× longer than wide, lanceolate to fusiform, apex narrow, bent ventrally, covered with setae. Procoxae long, subconical, procoxal cavities widely open.

Scutellar shield triangular, subequilateral (slightly longer than it is wide), flat, with slightly rounded edges and acute apex. Elytra elongated, sides subparallel in proximal 1/2, angle between elytra and pronotum well-marked in dorsal view. Elytra distinctly wider than pronotum. Humeri pronounced, apices regularly rounded. Elytra in most species without longitudinal carinae. Epipleuron flat, narrow, slightly narrower than metepisternum at base, then regularly tapering towards apex of elytra, complete to apex. Sides of elytra not explanate.

Hind wings ( Fig. 6 View FIGURE 6 ) ca. 2.2× longer than its width; radial cell subtriangular; apical portion of r3 well visible, straight; RML arcuate, forming acute angle with MP 1+2; CuA 1 long, oblique, joining MP 3+4 and CAS; anal field with well-markedAP 3+4.Medial field with3free veins;pigmented areas in radial cell, medial,radial,central and apical fields.

Mesoventrite short, anterior edge with pair of oblique procoxal rests, suture present throughout mesoventral process. Prosternal process rest ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) triangular, narrow to wide, with slightly rounded edges, slightly concave. Mesoventral process ( Fig. 3B View FIGURE 3 ) triangular to subrectangular, ca. 1.5× longer than wide, apex bilobed. Mesocoxal cavities widely separated. Mesepisterna moderately wide, rhomboid, middle part with depression for procoxae. Mesepimeron narrower than mesepisternum, triangular. Mesocoxal cavities closed laterally by narrow processes of mesepimeron and metasternum. Mesocoxae weakly elongated, ovally transverse (ca. 1.6× longer than wide), slightly protruding and triangular.

Metaventrite long, convex. Metaventral discrimen present in posterior 1/4–1/2. Metepisternum wide, rhomboid. Metacoxae big, ca. 3.5× longer than wide. Metacoxal plates touching each other mesally over the entire length.

Legs long, femora not enlarged, not saltatorial, extending beyond elytral margin; tibiae slightly longer than femora, slender and, especially metatibiae, subtly S-shaped, slightly extended at apex; with well-marked paired longitudinal carinae; tibial spurs well developed, dorsal spurs ca. 1.5× longer than ventral.

Abdomen longer than wide, moderately convex. Ventrites 1–5 of subequal length, regularly covered with setae; ventrite 5 rounded to subtriangular, apex rounded.

Morphology of terminal sclerites of males uniform ( Figs 7A, C View FIGURE 7 ). Sternite VIII transversely rectangular, Ushaped with very few setae and punctures concentrated on apical margin, distinctly wider than longer; sternite IX rectangular, consisting of subtriangular hemisternites, apical part covered with medium length setae, apodemes short and barely visible. Tergite VIII rectangular with rather distinct apodemes, numerous short setae in apical part; tergite IX elongated, apical part membranous, almost devoid of setae, with long apodemes. Aedeagus symmetrical. Tegmen with small styli, parameres widely rectangular, with rounded apical portions to narrowly triangular with pointed apices, with scarce punctures and numerous rows of delicate setae in apical part. Trigonium of penis rather narrow, apex rounded or pointed, shorter than parameroids or as long (rarely slightly longer) as parameroids, rarely trigonium widely oval, bulbous. Pala triangular, slightly longer than parameroids, in some species basal portion emarginated. Parameroids elongated, subtriangular to subrectangular, apices rounded, tempered or pointed, apical part covered with punctures.

Female. Many species with significant sexual dimorphism. Pronotum often more transverse than in males, punctation of pronotum often sparser than in males, with shining interspaces. Punctation of elytra often coarser than in males. Hind wings often reduced—brachypterous ( Fig. 6B View FIGURE 6 ), rarely apterous, no infraspecific variation in wing reduction was observed. Base of elytra in some species closely fitting pronotal base, as a result, humeral portion may project anteriorly. Elytra of species exhibiting wing reduction with curved lateral sides and faintly marked humeri. Abdominal ventrite 4 (in some species also ventrite 3, and occasionally also 5) with paired oval or transverse patches of long, dense setae ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ). Apex of ventrite 5 usually deeply emarginated at apex (e.g. Figs 8C, J View FIGURE 8 ). Tergite VII modified in some species, its posterior portion forming rectangular flap or concavity. Ovipositor ( Fig. 9 View FIGURE 9 ) long, branchlets absent; coxites narrow, membranous, styli apical; bursal sclerites present, either small, rod-like ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ) or larger, plate-like ( Fig. 9A View FIGURE 9 ).

Remarks. Sharp (1878) erroneously described labial palpi of Atopida as “not forked”, i. e. the apical palpomere arising from the top of the penultimate one. This mistake was corrected by Broun (1893) who examined several species of Atopida , all with furcate labial palpi, i. e. with apical palpomere arising from the side of the penultimate one.