Euwallacea andamanensis (Blandford, 1896)

Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I., 2020, A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China, ZooKeys 983, pp. 1-442 : 1

Euwallacea andamanensis (Blandford, 1896) Fig. 54A, B, I

Xyleborus andamanensis Blandford, 1896b: 222.

Euwallacea andamanensis (Blandford): Wood 1989: 172.

Xyleborus noxius Sampson, 1913: 445. Synonymy: Wood and Bright 1992: 686.

Xyleborus siobanus Eggers, 1923: 186. Synonymy: Schedl 1958c: 150.

Xyleborus burmanicus Beeson, 1930: 210. Synonymy: Schedl 1970b: 224.

Xyleborus intextus Beeson, 1930: 211. Synonymy: Wood 1989: 172.

Xyleborus senchalensis Beeson, 1930: 212. Synonymy: Wood 1989: 172.

Xyleborus granulipennis Eggers, 1930: 194. Synonymy: Wood 1989: 172.

Xyleborus talumalai Browne, 1966: 248. Synonymy: Hulcr and Cognato 2013: 90.

Type material.

Holotype Xyleborus burmanicus (FRI). Holotype Xyleborus granulipennis (FRI). Paratype Xyleborus intextus (MSUC, 2). Holotype Xyleborus noxius (NHMUK). Paratype Xyleborus senchalensis (MSUC, 1). Paratype Xyleborus talumalai (NHMUK).

New records.

China: Hong Kong, Kadoorie Farm, vi.2017, J. Skelton (MSUC, 1). S Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, 29 km NW Jinghong, vic. Da Nuo You NNNR, 22°12.41'N, 100°38.29'E, 790 m, fallow GF, 23.v.2008, A. Weigel (NKME, 1). India: Assam, Bhalukpong, 27°02'N, 92°35'E, 150 m, 26.v-3.vi.2006, L. Dombický (ZFMK, 1). Meghalaya, 3 km E Tura, 25°30'N, 90°14'E, 1150 m, 4.v.1999, Dombický & Pacholátko (RABC, 1). Japan: Kagoshima Pref., Tarumizu Oonohara, broadleaf forest, 425 m, 3.vii.2000, Yoshikazu Sato, ex EtOH baited trap (RJRC, 1). Laos: Bolikhamxai, Ban Nape (8 km NE), 18°21'N, 104°29'E, ~ 600 m, 1-18.v.2001, V. Kubáň (NHMB, 1; RABC, 1); Kham Mouan, Ban Khoun Ngeun, 18°07'N, 104°29'E, ~ 200 m, 24-29.iv.2001, P. Pacholátko (NHMB, 2; RABC, 1). Vietnam: Dong Nai, Cat Tien N.P., 11.46050, 107.37375, 379 m, 20.ii.2017, VN76, A.I. Cognato, T.A. Hoang, ex 8 cm diameter liana (MSUC, 63); as previous except 11°25'44"N, 107°25'44"E, 120 m, 26-31.v.1999, B. Hubley, D. Currie, VIET1H95-99 041, ex flight intercept (SEMC, 1). Thua Thien-Hue, Bach Ma N.P., 16.22897, 107.85349, 415 m, 15.ii.2017, VN57, A.I. Cognato, T.A. Hoang, ex 5 cm diameter branch; twig (MSUC, 4).

Diagnosis.

2.8-3.4 mm long (mean = 3.12 mm; n = 5); 2.5-2.91 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by its slender form; declivital posterolateral margin costate and granulate; pronotum appearing subquadrate when viewed dorsally (type 3); protibiae outer margins distinctly triangular bearing five or fewer large acute denticles; declivital strial punctures much larger on the declivity than on the disc; declivity broadly rounded; and declivital surface often appearing opalescent.

Similar species.

Euwallacea fornicatus species complex ( E. fornicatior , E. fornicatus , E. kuroshio , E. perbrevis ), E. geminus , E. malloti , E. neptis , E. semirudis , E. testudinatus , E. velatus .

Distribution.

Bangladesh, Federated States of Micronesia, China* (Hong Kong*, Jiangxi, Yunnan), Indonesia (Buru I., Java, Mentawai Is, Sumatra), India (Andaman Is, Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal), Japan*, Laos*, West Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Thailand, Vietnam.

Host plants.

Polyphagous ( Beeson 1930, Browne 1961b).

Remarks.

This species as currently defined represents a species complex and is in need of revision ( Cognato et al. 2020b).

Stouthamer et al. (2017) suggest that the synonymy of X. talumalai (Genbank number KU727039) with this species needs reinvestigation given the occurrence of the two species in two different clades with substantially different COI sequences. However, the findings of Stouthamer et al. are incorrect because they are based on a misidentified specimen of E. talumalai which is actually E. velatus . The DNA voucher (Euw.and 1, MSUC) and an additional specimen from the same collecting event in Thailand were examined by SMS and AIC; both specimens exhibited morphology consistent with the E. velatus type.

Figures

Figure 54. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Euwallacea andamanensis, 2.8 - 3.4 mm (A, B, I), E. destruens, 3.9 - 4.6 mm (C, D, J), E. fornicatior, 2.20 - 2.37 mm (E, F, K), and E. fornicatus, 2.6 - 2.7 mm (G, H, L).