Physatocheila orientis Drake, 1942

Souma, Jun & Ishikawa, Tadashi, 2022, Taxonomic review of the tingine genera Cysteochila, Hurdchila, Physatocheila, and Xynotingis from Japan, with description of a new genus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Tingidae), Zootaxa 5150 (1), pp. 1-42 : 27-29

Physatocheila orientis Drake, 1942

( Figs. 8I , 9H , 10H , 11H , 17K , 18K )

Physatocheila orientis Drake, 1942: 9 . Holotype: macropterous ♀, Japan: Hokkaido, Sapporo [= Japan: Hokkaido, Sapporo-shi, Atsubetsu-ku]; USNM.

Physatochila [incorrect subsequent spelling] orientis: Takeya (1951: 20) (checklist: eastern Asia).

Physarocheira [incorrect subsequent spelling] orientis: Miyamoto (1965: 91) (distribution).

Physatocheila orientis: Takeya (1953a: 2) (distribution); Takeya (1953b: 173) (distribution); Drake & Ruhoff (1965a: 336) (catalog); Lee (1969: 193) (nymph, male genitalia); Golub (1977a: 27) (distribution); Kerzhner (1978: 47) (distribution); Tomokuni (1979: 137) (distribution); Jing (1981: 334) (key to species: China); Tomokuni (1982: 349) (distribution); Tomokuni (1987: 117) (distribution); Golub (1988b: 146) (key to species); Miyamoto & Yasunaga (1989: 167) (checklist: Japan); Kerzhner & Marusik (1996: 26) (checklist: Kuril Islands); Péricart & Golub (1996: 56) (checklist: Palaearctic); Kwon et al. (2001: 195) (checklist: Korea); Kerzhner et al. (2004: 236) (distribution); Miyamoto (2008: 158) (distribution); Kanyukova & Marusik (2006: 171) (checklist: Kuril Islands); Vinokurov et al. (2010: 158) (checklist: eastern Russia); Yamada & Tomokuni (2012: 200) (monograph); Nozaki & Nozaki (2013: 30) (distribution); Yano et al. (2013: 25) (distribution); Maehara (2014: 60) (distribution); Nakamura (2014: 358) (distribution); Yamada & Ishikawa (2016: 432) (checklist: Japan); Ito & Sasaki (2018: 19) (distribution); Nakatani (2019: 92) (distribution); Okochi (2019: 2) (distribution); Cho et al. (2020: 742) (checklist: Korea); Tanaka (2021: 112) (distribution).

Specimens examined. Non-types (34 ♂♂ 35 ♀♀ 1 nymph), JAPAN: Hokkaido: Ebetsu-shi, Bunkyodai , 15.vii.1985, leg. M. Hayashi (1 ♀, TUA) ; Kamikawa-gun, Shimizu-cho, Route 274, 4258'45.3" N 14249 '44.8"E, 6.viii.2019, leg. J. Souma (1 ♂, TUA) ; Ashoro, Kiyokawa , leg. 23.vii.1967, leg. T. Saigusa (1 ♂, KUM) ; Tokachi, Nukabira , 6.vii.1960, leg. S. Nakao (1 ♂ 1 ♀, ELKU) . Rishiri Island: Rishirifuji-cho, Oniwaki , 19.vii.2019, leg. T. Saeki (3 ♀♀ 1 nymph, TUA) . Honshu: Aomori, Mt. Takadaodake , 14.vii.1962, leg. Y. Miyatake (2 ♀♀, KUM) ; Akita Pref., Yuzawa, Takamatsu , 19.vii.2010, leg. H. Ishii et al. (1 ♀, TUA) ; Pr. Iwate, Tanohata Vil., Numafukuro , Padus ssiori, 12–13.vii.1963, leg. I. Hiura (1 ♂ 1 ♀, KUM) ; Yamagata-ken, Nishimurayama-gun, Asahi-machi , Shirakura, 38.29508N 140.03422E, 23.viii.2017, leg. T. Ishikawa (6 ♂♂ 5 ♀♀, TUA) ; as above but leg. Y. Fukuda (6 ♂♂ 1 ♀, TUA) ; Tochigi Pref., Nikko, Shobugahama , 17.viii.2009, leg. S. Maehara (1 ♂, TUA) ; Tochigi Pref., Nikko, Yumoto , 27.viii.2011, leg. S. Maehara (1 ♀, TUA) ; Tochigi Pref., Nikko, Asegata , 15.vii.2013, leg. S. Maehara (1 ♂, TUA) ; Tochigi Pref., Nikko, Utagahama , 2.vii.2014, leg. S. Maehara (1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, TUA) ; Tochigi Pref., Nikko, Kawamata , 5.vi.2019, leg. S. Maehara (1 ♀, TUA) ; Ozegahara, Shimotashiro , 30.viii.1978, leg. S. Tachikawa (1 ♀, TUA) ; Jôshinetsu N. P., Tanigawadake , 23.vii.1961, leg. I. Kawabata (1 ♂, KUM) ; Saitama Pref., Oku-Chichibu Mts., Yatakezawa , 26.vii.1998, leg. M. Hayashi (1 ♂ 1 ♀, TUA) ; as above but 28.vii.1998 (1 ♂ 1 ♀, TUA) ; as above 15.viii.2006 (1 ♂, TUA) ; as above 13.viii.2008 (1 ♂ 1 ♀, TUA) ; Tokyo-to, Okutama-machi , Nippara-rindo, 6.v.2017, leg. H. Nagano (1 ♀, TUA) ; Tokyo-to, Hachioji-shi, Uratakao-machi , Kogesawa-rindo , 3538'37.5" N 13914 '29.4"E, 20.vi.2017, leg. J. Souma (1 ♂, TUA) ; Niigata-ken, Nagaoka-shi, near Otoyoshi , 19–21.v.1993, leg. Asia C. (1 ♀, TUA) ; Nagano Pref., Hara Vil., Pension Vil. , 2–4.vii.1998, leg. H. Yoshitake (2 ♀♀, TUA) ; Nagano Pref., Suwa-gun, Hara-mura , 3–4.vii.1998, leg. H. Yoshitake (1 ♂ 2 ♀♀, TUA) ; as above but 3.vii.1998, leg. T. Ishikawa (1 ♂, TUA) ; Nagano-ken, Suwa-gun, Fujimi-machi , Sakai , 2.v.2009, leg. J. Kantoh (1 ♂, TUA) ; Nagano-ken, Suwa-gun, Fujimi-machi , Hienosoko-mura-ato, 3.v.2009, leg. J. Kantoh (1 ♀, TUA) ; Nagano-ken, Matsumoto-shi, Azumi , 31.v.2017, leg. K. Okuda (1 ♂, TUA) ; Nagano Pref., Kitasaku-gun, Karuizawa-cho, Nagakura , 5.vi.2019, leg. K. Okuda (1 ♀, TUA) ; as above but 4.viii.2020, leg. S. Kobayashi (2 ♂, TUA) ; Nagano, Tokura , 7.vii.1951, leg. H. Hasegawa (1 ♂, KUM) ; Nagano, Karuizawa , 3.viii.1959, leg. S. Miyamoto (1 ♂, KUM) ; Gifu-Pref., Gero-shi, Nigorigoonsen-hotspring , 1,800 m alt., 16.viii.2013, leg. N. Tsuji (1 ♀, ELKU) ; Gifu, 10.v.1947, leg. K. Ohbayashi (1 ♀, KUM) ; Mie-ken, Komono-cho, Tabika , 3.iv.2010, leg. N. Tsuji (1 ♀, ELKU) ; Kyoto Pr., Serio , 22.v.1960, leg. Y. Hama (1 ♀, KUM) . Shikoku: Sanuki, Omogo , 14.xi.1951, leg. K. Yasumatsu (1 ♂, ELKU) . Kyushu: Bungo, Sobosan , 9.ix.1933, leg. K. Yasumatsu (1 ♀, ELKU) . A single female collected from Honshu in 1962 has been recorded as Physatocheira [sic!] orientis by Miyamoto (1965) .

Diagnosis. Recognized among other species of Physatocheila by a combination of the following characters: general color brown ( Figs. 8I , 9H , 10H , 11H ); median spine on head extending beyond bases of frontal spines; rostrum reaching middle part of metasternum; pubescence on pronotum less than 0.5 times as long as diameter of compound eye; lateral carinae of pronotum nearly parallel to each other throughout their length, touching outer margin of paranota at anterior end; paranota incompletely covering pronotal disc in anterior part, not touching each other, not concealing median carina of pronotum, not widened posteriorly, not bulged upward in posterior part, not forming a cyst; outer margin of paranotum nearly straight in its entire length; costal area of hemelytron wider than subcostal area at widest part, less than 0.5 times as wide as discoidal area at widest part, with 3 rows of areolae in basal part, 4–5 rows in middle part and 2 rows in apical part; and subcostal area subhorizontal, with 3 rows of areolae in its entire length.

Description of genitalia. Pygophore ( Figs. 10H , 17K ) compressed dorsoventrally, hexagonal in ventral view, strongly concave at anterior margin of dorsum, elevated at center of venter, smooth on surface, irregularly punctate in middle part of dorsum. Paramere ( Fig. 18K ) expanded in middle part, curved inward in apical part; outer and inner margins covered with pubescence in middle part. Female terminalia ( Fig. 11H ) pentagonal in ventral view, covered with pubescence.

Remarks. Physatocheila orientis can be easily distinguished from other lace bugs from Japan by the following characteristics: paranotum reflexed, expanding inward, not bulged upward in its entire length, not forming a cyst ( Fig. 8I ); outer margin of paranotum resting on pronotal disc in its entire length; and costal area of hemelytron with 3 rows of areolae in basal part, 4–5 rows in middle part and 2 rows in apical part.

Although the type locality of P. orientis was indicated as “Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan ” ( Drake 1942), the label on the holotype mentions “Sapporo, Atsubetsu” [= Japan: Hokkaido, Sapporo-shi, Atsubetsu-ku] (http://n 2t.net/ ark:/65665/3f56006db-d3a1-43c3-b2a1-78d18a472c03) .

Distribution. Japan (Etorofu Island, Kunashiri Island, Shikotan Island, Hokkaido, Rishiri Island, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu), China, Korea, Russia.

Physatocheila orientis is recorded from Rishiri Island for the first time.

Host plant. In Japan and Russia, P. orientis is found on the following rosaceous plants: Padus avium Mill. [= Pa. racemosa (Lam.) C.K.Schneid. ] ( Golub 1977a); Pa. buergeriana (Miq.) T.T.Y et T.C.Ku ( Maehara 2019; Tanaka 2021); Pa. grayana (Maxim.) C.K.Schneid. (Tomokuni 1979; Yamada & Tomokuni 2012; Maehara 2014; Okochi 2019); Pa. ssiori (F. Schmidt) C. K. Schneid. (present study); Padus sp. ( Golub 1977a) ; Pourthiaea villosa (Thunb.) Decne. ( Maehara 2019) ; and Sorbaria sp. ( Golub 1977a; Kerzhner 1978; Golub 1988b; Kwon et al. 2001). In addition, a number of adults were found on Pa. grayana (Tomokuni 1979, 1982), but nymphs only occurred on rosaceous plants ( Maehara 2019; Okochi 2019). Therefore, rosaceous plants appear to be the host plants for P. orientis . Nonetheless, this species was also occasionally collected from Betula sp. (Betulaceae) ( Golub 1977a; Kerzhner 1978), although betulaceous plants do not seem to be its host plant.

Biology. A number of adults of Physatocheila orientis were collected from the leaves of the host plant Pa. grayana (Tomokuni 1979, 1982), suggesting that this species is folivorous, similar to many tingids ( Schuh & Weirauch 2020). In contrast, nymphs were collected from fruit-bearing branches of Pa. buergeriana ( Maehara 2019; Tanaka 2021). Therefore, this species may also be frugivorous.

In Japan, adults were observed in almost all seasons ( Drake 1942; Takeya 1953a, 1953b; Tomokuni 1979, 1982, 1987; Yamada & Tomokuni 2012; Nozaki & Nozaki 2013; Maehara 2014, 2019; Nakatani 2019; Okochi 2019; Tanaka 2021; present study), and nymphs were collected from June to July (Yamada & Tomokuni 2012; Maehara 2019; Okochi 2019; Tanaka 2021). Overwintering adults were found on fallen leaves of Pa. grayana on branches of Abies firma Siebold et Zucc. (Pinaceae) ( Maehara 2014). Additionally, some individuals were captured in artificial light traps installed from July to August (present study).

Figures

FIGURE 8. Nine Physatocheila species from Japan. Dried specimens, dorsal view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi from Japan proper (E); P. fieberi from the Ryukyu Islands (F); P. miyatakei (G); P. nigrintegerrima (H); P. orientis (I); P. veteris (J). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 9. Rostra and sternal laminae of nine Physatocheila species from Japan, ventral view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi (E); P. miyatakei (F); P. nigrintegerrima (G); P. orientis (H); P. veteris (I). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 10. Male terminalia of nine Physatocheila species from Japan, ventral view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi (E); P. miyatakei (F); P. nigrintegerrima (G); P. orientis (H); P. veteris (I). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 11. Female terminalia of nine Physatocheila species from Japan, ventral view: P. chiniana comb. nov. (A); P. consueta comb. nov. (B); P. distinguenda (C); P. euthenia comb. nov. (D); P. fieberi (E); P. miyatakei (F); P. nigrintegerrima (G); P. orientis (H); P. veteris (I). Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 17. Pygophores of eleven species of Cysteochila and its close relatives from Japan, dorsal view: C. abundantis (A); Limnostatua lewisi comb. nov. (B); Physatocheila chiniana comb. nov. (C); P. consueta comb. nov. (D); P. distinguenda (E); P. euthenia comb. nov. (F); P. fieberi from Japan proper (G); P. fieberi from the Ryukyu Islands (H); P. miyatakei (I); P. nigrintegerrima (J); P. orientis (K); P. veteris (L). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 18. Parameres of eleven species of Cysteochila and its close relatives from Japan, dorsal view: C. abundantis (A); Limnostatua lewisi comb. nov. (B); Physatocheila chiniana comb. nov. (C); P. consueta comb. nov. (D); P. distinguenda (E); P. euthenia comb. nov. (F); P. fieberi from Japan proper (G); P. fieberi from the Ryukyu Islands (H); P. miyatakei (I); P. nigrintegerrima (J); P. orientis (K); P. veteris (L). Scale bars: 0.1 mm.