Megalopta munduruku, Santos & Melo, 2014

Santos, L. M. & Melo, G. A. R., 2014, Updating the taxonomy of the bee genus Megalopta (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Augochlorini) including revision of the Brazilian species, Journal of Natural History 49 (11), pp. 575-674 : 630-631

Megalopta munduruku sp. n.

( Figures 4C , 12F , 16B )

Diagnosis

The female differs from those of M. cuprea and M. sodalis by basal area of metapostnotum with mid depression restricted to anterior half, not extending to posterior margin ( Figure 4C ) and the male, by basal area of metapostnotum with shorter and weakly impressed longitudinal rugulosities ( Figure 12F ).

Description

Female. (1) Mandible bidentate and with supplementary teeth. (2) Labral elevation with lateral surface slightly raised in relation to central portion, the surface slightly bilobated basally. (3) Clypeus with surface between punctures on basal and central area microreticulated. (4) Central portion of supraclypeal area with sparse punctation, punctures separated by ≥ 1 pd. (5) Antenna reddish brown. (6) Upper frons flat, not strongly declivous toward sulcus around median ocellus. (7) Ocellocular distance smaller than the F1 length. (8) Mesoscutum, adjacent to parapsidial line densely punctured, punctures contiguous, punctation becoming sparser towards mesoscutal lip (<1 pd). (9) Scutellum with posterior margin raised in relation to anterior margin of metanotum. (10) Metanotum with integument, in oblique view, not hidden by short plumose pilosity ( Figure 4C ). (11) Basal area of metapostnotum metallic green with reddish brown tints; its length at least 0.6× that of metanotum; with mid depression restricted to anterior half, not extending to posterior margin, longitudinal rugulosities restricted to central area ( Figure 4C ). (12) Mesepisternum with contiguous punctation. (13) Metepisternum with sparse pilosity, integument visible through pilosity; posterior upper margin of metepisternum unmodified, lacking a velvety process. (14) T1 with dorsal surface of disc densely punctured (<1 pd), posterior marginal zone microreticulated between punctures. Male. (15) Scape with diameter gradually enlarging toward the apex. (16) Flagellum reddish brown; F1–F11 not differing in diameter; F2 about as long as F3; F6–F11, in anterior view with the anterior and posterior margins depressed, in posterior view with basal glabrous area at same level of remaining surface. (17) Metanotum with integument, in dorsal view, not hidden by short plumose pilosity ( Figure 12F ). (18) Basal area of metapostnotum with shorter and weakly impressed longitudinal rugulosities ( Figure 12F ). (19) Metepisternum as in the female. (20) 1st and 2nd tarsomeres of foreleg with longest simple setae shorter than the summed length of the three apical tarsomeres. (21) S3 with longitudinal sulcus, posterolateral margin notched. (22) S4 with medial protruding process, profile of process triangular in lateral view; basal portion glabrous; posterolateral margin notched, notch not extending to basal half of sclerite.

Measurements

Approximate body length: (13.3–14.0); maximum width of head: (4.0–4.8); intertegular distance: (4.4–4.8); length of forewing with the tegula: (13.3–14.0).

Type material

Holotype female ( INPA): BRAZIL: ‘BRASIL, PA, Belterra \ FLONA Tapajós, 100m \ 02°36 ′ 15 ″ S – 54°56 ′ 35 ″ W’ ‘ 15-16.iv.2008, arm. luz\ J.A. Rafael, F.F. Xavier Fº .’. Paratypes (12♀, 1♂): BRAZIL: Amazonas : ‘ Brasil. Amazonas \ Fonte Boa \ Estr. do\ Mamopina, Km 3’ ‘ 02°32 ′ 27 ″ S 66°04 ′ 08 ″ W \ 05–30.IX 2005 \ J.A. Rafael &\ F.F. Xavier-Filho \ Em luz’ (2♀, INPA) ; ‘ BRASIL: ‘2070’ ‘MANAUS-AM\ PDBFF 25 / IV/90\ M.L. OLIVEIRA’ (1♀, MEUFV); ‘2072’ ‘MANAUS-AM\ PDBFF 25 / IV/90\ M.L. OLIVEIRA’ ‘ Megalopta spp.\ det. G. Melo 1996’(1♀, MEUFV); ‘ BRASIL- AMAZONAS \ MANAUS-FUA\ 23/II/82\ MORAIS. J.W.’ (1♀, INPA) ; ‘ BRASIL, Amazonas , Pq \ Nac. Jaú R . Carabiani ,\ 0159S-6132W, 07–17.iv.\ 1994. C. Motta e outros’ (1♂, INPA) ‘ BRA, AM , Manaus \ PDBFF ‒ Colosso \ 02°23 ′ 58 ″ S – 59°52 ′ 20 ″ W \ 11–15.i.2010 \ D. Storck-Tonon Leg. ’. (1♀, INPA); ‘ BRA, AM , Manaus \ PDBFF ‒ Colosso \ 02°23 ′ 58 ″ S – 59°52 ′ 20 ″ W \ 9–12.ii.2010 \ D. Storck-Tonon Leg. ’. (3♀, INPA); ‘ BRA, AM , Manaus \ PDBFF ‒ Colosso \ 02°23 ′ 58 ″ S – 59°52’20 ″ W \ 18–20. v.2010 \ D. Storck-Tonon Leg. ’. (1♀, INPA); ‘ BRA, AM , Manaus \ PDBFF ‒ Colosso \ 02°23 ′ 58 ″ S – 59°52 ′ 20 ″ W \ 23–27.vi.2010 \ D. Storck-Tonon Leg. ’. (2♀, INPA); ‘ Br, AM , Pres. Figueiredo \ Am. 240 Km 24\ Com. São Francisco \ 02°01 ′ 05 ″ S / 59°49 ′ 59 ″ W’ ‘ 26/vii-03/viii/2005,\ Armadilha luz mista\ F.F. Xavier F°, G.M. \ Lourido, R . Machado’ (1♀, INPA) .

Distribution

BRAZIL. Amazonas: Fonte Boa, Manaus, Novo Airão. Pará: Belterra ( Figure 16B ).

Etymology

The specific epithet honours the ‘Munduruku’, the name for an ethnic group of natives used here as a noun in apposition. Historically a people with a warrior tradition, the Munduruku culturally dominated the region of the valley of the Tapajós River, Brazil. Today, the wars they wage are to guarantee the integrity of their territory, threatened by pressures from the illegal activities of gold-panning, hydroelectric projects, and the construction of a great waterway on the Tapajós river ( Ramos 2003).

Figures

Figure 4. Females of Megalopta. (A‒E) Posterolateral view of mesosoma; (A) Megalopta yanomami sp. n. from Parauapebas, Brazil; (B) M. piraha sp. n. from Manaus, Brazil; (C) M. munduruku sp. n. from Belterra, Brazil; (D) M. cuprea Friese from Nigrillani, Bolivia; (E) M. sodalis Vachal from Antonina, Brazil; (F) frontal view of head of M. xavante sp. n from Nova Xavantina, Brazil. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 12. Males of Megalopta. (A‒C) Habitus, dorsal view; (A) M. xavante sp. n. from Nova Xavantina, Brazil; (B) M. atlantica Santos & Silveira from Ipanema, Brazil; (C) M. purpurata (holotype) Smith from Tefé, Brazil; (D‒F) posterolateral view of mesosoma; (D) M. yanomami sp. n. from Parauapebas, Brazil; (E) M. piraha sp. n. from Manaus, Brazil; (F) M. munduruku sp. n. from Belterra, Brazil. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 16. Distribution records of Megalopta species. (A) M. cuprea Friese; (B) M. munduruku sp. n; (C) M. sodalis Vachal.