Anchista Nietner, 1856

Shi, Hongliang, Zhou, Hongzhang & Liang, Hongbin, 2013, Taxonomic synopsis of the subtribe Physoderina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini), with species revisions of eight genera, ZooKeys 284, pp. 1-129 : 20-22

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.284.3983

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:33B15A74-746D-4A82-A865-EA1E7E55A9BB

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A31EF43E-5BC2-381A-B9CB-6BC8D53CF906

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Anchista Nietner, 1856
status

 

Genus Anchista Nietner, 1856

Anchista Nietner 1856: 523; Nietner 1857: 374 (redundant publication); Chaudoir 1877: 236 (in part); Csiki 1932: 1455 (catalogue); Jedlička 1963: 449 (in part; key to species); Habu 1967: 137 (in part); Habu 1982: 102 (in part); Kirschenhofer 1994: 1006 (in part; key to species).

Type-species:

Anchista modesta Nietner, 1856 [= Anchista brunnea (Wiedemann)], by monotypy.

Diagnosis.

Mandibles moderately widened ( Fig. 149 View Figures 138–157 ); pronotum with lateral margins slightly angulate in middle ( Fig. 154 View Figures 138–157 ), mid-lateral setae present; elytral 5th interval with one to four setigerous pores near base; terminal sternum of males moderately emarginate, with one pair of setae; median lobe of aedeagus usually strongly setose around apical orifice, internal sac without flagellum.

This genus is most closely related to Paraphaea Bates and Metallanchista gen. n. Comparison of these genera is presented in the key to genera and in the diagnosis of Paraphaea and Metallanchista .

Generic characters.

Dorsal side generally reddish brown to dark brown; elytra unicolored or bicolored. Head glabrous or sparsely pubescent; eyes hemispherical and strongly prominent; tempora shorter than half length of eyes, strongly narrowed behind eyes; vertex flat. Antennae extended to elytral base; 1st antennomere gradually narrowed to base, 3rd slightly longer than 4th. Labrum smooth, without secondary setae; mandibles moderately widened, outer margin nearly straight ( Fig. 149 View Figures 138–157 ), glabrous on outer scrobe and dorsal ridge; terminal maxillary palpomeres fusiform in both sexes; terminal labial palpomeres strongly securiform, apex truncate in males, less widened in females; ligula with apex slightly projected, with four long setae; paraglossae membranous, not longer than ligula, adnate; mentum tooth simple, with two setae near base; submentum with two long setae; genae glabrous or sparsely pubescent beneath eyes. Pronotum slightly wider than head, disc glabrous or pubescent; mid-lateral setae present; front angles more or less setose, hind angles generally with a few additional short setae; pronotal base briefly but distinctly lobed; lateral margins slightly angulate in middle ( Fig. 154 View Figures 138–157 ), distinctly sinuate before hind angles; hind angles sharp, rectangular or nearly so. Elytra wide, apex truncate, sutural angles not projected, outer angles evenly rounded; laterally slightly depressed in basal one-third, disc with an indistinct depression near basal two-fifths; umbilical pores of 9th interval placed in one row ( Fig. 147 View Figures 138–157 ); basal margination nearly complete or only reaching to 3rd interval; basal pores well developed; 3rd interval with two to four primary setigerous pores, 5th interval with one to four primary setigerous pores near base; elytra glabrous or pubescent; 7th and 8th intervals slightly tumid near apex. Ventral side nearly glabrous; males with apex of terminal sternum moderately emarginate, with one pair of setae; females with apex of terminal sternum straight or slightly emarginate, with two pairs of setae. Legs short; protibiae with cleaning spur well developed, quite distant from inner margin; tarsi widened, 4th tarsomere bifid, claws pectinate; males with adhesive hairs well developed (two whole rows) on 1st to 3rd protarsomeres; well developed or rudimentary (two rows but very weakly present near apex) on first three mesotarsomeres; absent on metatarsomeres. Male genitalia with median lobe of aedeagus nearly straight, not twisted; apical orifice opened dorsally, basal margin of apical orifice setose or glabrous; internal sac without flagellum or apical bursa, with weakly sclerotized sclerites and spined areas on internal sac. Female genitalia. Spermatheca tubular, not bent, with indistinct ring-sculpture, inserted on bursa copulatrix; spermathecal gland slender and long, inserted near apex of spermatheca. Apical segment of ovipositor scimitar-form, curved to outer side, inner margin slightly angulate near apex; with fine fluff near apex; apex with elongate membranous extension.

Distribution

( Map 3 View Map 3 ). This genus includes four species. Anchista pilosa is known only from the type locality (Bangalore, south India). The other three species are found in many localities in Indian Subcontinent, with Anchista fenestrata also occurring in Myanmar.

Monophyly and relationships.

The relationship between Anchista and Paraphaea is discussed under Paraphaea . The monophyly of Anchista is suggested by the following apomorphic character states: (1) pronotum slightly angulate in middle; (2) median lobe of aedeagus with main flagellum reduced, usually setose around apical orifice; (3) spermathecal gland inserted near apex of spermatheca.

Taxonomic comments.

Based on setose aedeagal apical orifice and mandibles moderately widened, Anchista could be closely related to Paraphaea Bates, although they have a different aedeagal internal sac, male secondary sexual character and distribution center. Anchista , together with Metallanchista gen. n., is unique in Physoderina in having an aedeagal internal sac without flagellum. The slightly sclerotized area near the median lobe base shows a reduced trumpet-form expansion ( Fig. 71 View Figure 71 ), so we believe these three genera are closely allied.

Key to species of Anchista Nietner

1 Dorsal side evenly pubescent on most areas 2
- Dorsal side glabrous 3
2 Basal margination of elytra only extended to 3rd interval; males with adhesive hairs well developed (two whole rows) on 1st mesotarsomere; median lobe of aedeagus with apical orifice glabrous. South India Anchista pilosa sp. n.
- Basal margination of elytra nearly complete; males with adhesive hairs rudimentary (weakly present near apex) on 1st mesotarsomere; median lobe of aedeagus with long setae around apical orifice; northern India and Pakistan Anchista fenestrata subpubescens Chaudoir
3 Third interval with two setigerous pores; 5th interval with one setigerous pore near base Anchista brunnea (Wiedemann)
- Third interval with three or more setigerous pores; 5th interval with two or more setigerous pores near base 4
4 Pronotum distinctly angulate in middle; front angles with very short setae; elytra uniform reddish brown, sometimes with disc slightly paler, but not forming distinct pattern; males with adhesive hairs well developed (two whole rows) on 2nd and 3rd mesotarsomeres Anchista nubila Andrewes
- Pronotum slightly angulate in middle; front angles with long setae; elytra usually with distinct bicolored pattern; males with adhesive hairs rudimentary (weakly present near apex) on 2nd and 3rd mesotarsomeres Anchista fenestrata fenestrata ( Schmidt-Göbel)

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Coleoptera

Family

Carabidae

Loc

Anchista Nietner, 1856

Shi, Hongliang, Zhou, Hongzhang & Liang, Hongbin 2013
2013
Loc

Anchista

Nietner 1856
1856