Cricotopus

Drayson, Nick, Cranston, Peter S. & Krosch, Matt N., 2015, Taxonomic review of the chironomid genus Cricotopus v. d. Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Australia: keys to males, females, pupae and larvae, description of ten new species and comments on Paratrichocladius Santos Abreu, Zootaxa 3919 (1), pp. 1-40 : 35

Key to pupae of Australian Cricotopus *

1 Frontal setae present ( Fig. 5 A, B). Longest lateral setae of VIII <1/7 width of segment ( Fig. 5 D). Segment III often with pedes spurii B ( Fig. 5 H)..................................................................................... 2

- Frontal setae absent ( Fig. 5 C). Longest lateral setae of VIII> 1/7 width of segment ( Fig. 5 E, F). Segment III lacking pedes spurii B ( Fig. 5 I)...................................................................................... 9

2 Frontal setae on frons, dorsal to antennal sheaths ( Fig. 5 A)..................................................... 3

- Frontal setae on prefrons, ventral to antennal sheaths ( Fig. 5 B).................................................. 5

3 Thoracic horn mid-brown, spinose ( Fig. 6 D); abdomen with reticulate pattern ( Fig. 8 E)............... C. conicomis sp. n.

- Thoracic horn hyaline, smooth; abdomen non-reticulate....................................................... 4

4 Macrosetae <0.5 anal lobe length; proximal macroseta displaced anteromedially ( Fig. 5 D)................ C. wangi sp. n.

- Macrosetae> anal lobe length, aligned evenly ( Fig. 5 E, F).............................. C. albitarsis Hergstrom sp. n.

5 Tergite I bare ( Fig. 5 H). Tergite II with sparse spinule field anterior to hook row ( Fig. 5 H), or bare ( Fig. 8 F).............. 6

- Tergite I with sparse posterior or medio-Iateral spinule fields ( Fig. 5 I). Tergite II with extensive spinule field anterior to hook row ( Fig. 5 I)......................................................................................... 8

6 Segments III and IV without spinule fields on paraterga; tergite III with D4 setae noticeably stouter than on tergites II and IV; tergites II–VII with pale adhesion marks ( Fig. 8 D)........................................... C. brevicornis sp. n.

- Segments III and IV with spinule fields on paraterga; tergite III with D4 setae similar to those on tergites II and IV; tergites II–VII with dark adhesion marks ( Figs 8 F, 9A).............................................................. 7

7 Thoracic horn virtually smooth, apex tapers to narrow, rounded point ( Fig. 6 F)....................... C. howensis sp. n.

- Thoracic horn with subapical tubercles, apex blunt ( Fig. 6 E)...................................... C. hillmani sp. n.

8 Thoracic horn up to 100 µm long, hyaline, with few or no spinules, variable ( Fig. 7 J)....... C. varicornis (‘varicornis’ form)

- Thoracic horn 120–150 µm long, yellow-tinged, with thorn-like spines ( Fig. 7 K)............. C. varicornis (‘cooki’ form)

9 Tergite II with medio-lateral spine/spinule fields anterior to hook row ( Fig. 8 C)................................... 10

- Tergite II bare anterior to hook row ( Figs 8 A, 9B)........................................................... 11

10 Tergite II with transverse band of spines between D5 setae, separate from narrow anterior area of spinules ( Fig. 9 C). Segment VIII usually with 5 lateral setae ( Fig. 5 F) C. tasmania sp. n.

- Tergite II bare between D5 setae, separate from broader anterior spinule area ( Fig. 8 C). Segment VIII with 4 lateral setae ( Fig. 5 E)............................................................................. C. annuliventris (Skuse)

11 Thoracic horn absent. Tergites IV–VI with small postero-lateral spinule field ( Fig. 8 A)................. C. acornis sp. n.

- Thoracic horn present. Tergites IV–VI without postero-lateral spinules ( Fig. 9 B)......... C. parbicinctus Hergstrom sp. n.

Figures

FIGURE 5. Cricotopus pupa. Frons: A. C. wangi, B. C. howensis, C. C. parbicinctus. Lateral segment VIII: D. C. wangi, E. C. annuliventris, F. C. tasmania. Anal lobe: G. C. wangi. Anterior tergites: H. C. brevicornis, I. C. varicornis.

FIGURE 6. Cricotopus pupa, thorax and thoracic horns. A. C. albitarsis, B. C. annuliventris, C. C. brevicornis, D. C. conicornis, E. C. hillmani, F. C. howensis, G. C. parbicinctus, H. C. tasmania.

FIGURE 7. Cricotopus pupa, thorax and thoracic horn. A. C. varicornis, B. C. wangi. Variation in thoracic horn shape and size (all drawn to scale). C. C. albitarsis, D. C. annuliventris, E. C. brevicornis, F. C. conicornis, G. C. hillmani, H. C. parbicinctus, I. C. tasmania, J. C. varicornis s. s., K. C. varicornis f. cooki.

FIGURE 8. Cricotopus pupa, tergites. A. C. acornis, B. C. albitarsis, C. C. annuliventris, D. C. brevicornis, E. C. conicornis (reticulations shown only on part TVIII), F. C. hillmani

FIGURE 9. Cricotopus pupa, tergites. A. C. howensis, B. C. parbicinctus, C. C. tasmania, D. C. varicornis, E. C. wangi.