Lucanus liuweii Huang & Chen, 2019

Zhan, Zhihong & Young, Daniel K., 2023, A taxonomic assessment and redefinition of the Lucanus fortunei species group in China (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae), Zoological Systematics 48 (4), pp. 279-360 : 324

Lucanus liuweii Huang & Chen, 2019 ( Figs 148–155 , 264 , 296 , 325 , 353 , 421–423 , 471 )

Lucanus liuweii Huang & Chen, 2019: 2–6 . Material examined. [5♂]: CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City , Linan County // Da-Ming-Shan Mt., // [临ḱ县,

kfi山]; Alt. 1400m; 26 July. 2022 // Yifan Wang leg.; [2nd label]: 30.03894°N; 118.9902°E Adult // hand collected under the host plant; [2nd label]: Lucanus // liuweii // Huang and Chen ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [1♀]: CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Linan County // Da-Ming-Shan Mt., // [临ḱ县, kfi山]; Alt. 1400m; 26 July. 2022 // Yifan Wang leg.; [2nd label]: 30.03894°N; 118.9902°E Adult // hand collected under the host plant; [2nd label]: Lucanus // liuweii // Huang and Chen ♀ // det. Z. Zhan.

Body length 39.4–55.3 mm (♂); 32.2 mm (♀).

Description. Major male. Body reddish to brownish, metallic along meson, head, including region of mandibular bases, 1.35× width of pronotum and elytra. Head brownish, weakly metallic, surface punctate, without setae; mandibles incurved along midlength and apical 1/3; major inner mandibular tooth located approximately 1/3 distance from apex, sharply triangular, protruding anteriorly but not inflated on either side; inner mandibular width equal to that behind major inner mandibular tooth and forming a short gap;>5 small inner mandibular teeth located near mandibular bases, usually three small inner mandibular teeth located between major mandibular tooth and apical fork; apical mandibular forks well developed and open anteriorly, upper branches of apical fork 1.4× length of lower apical fork branches; anterolateral ridges of head well rounded, posterolateral head significantly wider than anterolateral ridges; clypeolabrum developed, short trapezoidal, labrum triangular, weakly protruding along midlength. Thorax brownish and metallic, always concolorous with head; surface punctuate, setae; convex at apex and base, significantly protruding at middle; 0.74× length of head and mandibles; prothoracic tibiae brownish but with yellow stripes anteriorly, each bearing>5 well developed spines from apex to basal 1/3; mesothoracic tibiae yellowish, each bearing 2–3 spines along midlength; metathoracic tibiae yellowish, each bearing a single spine along midlength. Elytra reddish to brownish, sometimes brighter than head and pronotum, surface smooth and strongly metallic along elytral suture; lateral elytra shape slender, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3. Median male not exhibiting significant differences with major male. Minor male as major and median males except: head with mandibles straight along midlength but strongly incurved anteriorly; major inner mandibular tooth weakly developed, single-pointed and not protruding forward; small inner mandibular teeth poorly developed to absent, when present, located discontinuously attached below and above major tooth. Genitalia. Ventral plate of 9th abdominal segment widened behind cephalic base and not constricted before caudal expansion; basal piece usually clearly defined, 0.34× length of entire aedeagus; apical flagellum weakly enlarged, flagellum 0.6× length of entire aedeagus; aedeagus stout, incurved at basal 1/3, triangular distally.

Female. Body black, surface metallic along meson, body slender, usually smaller than male. Head black; surface punctate; mandibles incurved at apical 1/3; mandibular tooth well developed, asymmetrical; right mandibular tooth triangular, that of left mandibular smooth and convex along midlength; preocular and postocular margins weakly developed, forming acute angle, protruding anteriorly; clypeolabrum weakly developed, triangular, protruding along midlength. Thorax black, surface metallic; obscurely but densely punctate; anterior pronotum strongly enlarged, forming broad angle, 1.35× width of posterolateral pronotum; prothoracic tibiae black, each bearing five spines from anterior to midlength; distal two spines sharp, very well developed; prothoracic tibiae1.4× width of mesothoracic and metathoracic tibiae; mesothoracic tibiae black, each bearing two spines distally; metathoracic tibiae black, each bearing a single spine distally. Elytra black, surface metallic along elytral suture, concolorous with head and pronotum; elytra oval, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3.

Distribution. China (Zhejiang).

Phenology. Adult specimens of L. liuweii were collected during late July.

Natural history. The typical plant for this species is Cyclobalanopsis glauca , height usually> 11 m. The most proficient method to collect this species is hand collecting any dead or dying adults under the host plants. Adult longevity is around 15 days.

Collecting methods. Hand collected under the host plants.

Figures

Figures 148–155. Habitus of Lucanus liuweii. 148. Male, dorsal view. 149. Male, ventral view. 150. Male, lateral view. 151. Major male. 152. Median male. 153. Minor male. 154. Female, dorsal view. 155. Female, ventral view. Scale bar=10mm.

Figures 260–275. Head characters of Lucanus spp., male. 260. L. fonti. 261. L. formosus. 262. L. fujitai. 263. L. hewenjiae. 264. L. liuweii. 265. L. miwai. 266. L. szetschuanicus. 267. L. yulaoensis. 268. L. zhanbishengi. 269. L. zhuxiangi. 270. L. dirki. 271. L. kraatzi kraatzi. 272. L. liupengyui. 273. L. nobilis. 274. L. shulini. 275. L. parryi. Scale bar=10mm.

Figures 276–307. Prothoracic tibial characters of Lucanus spp., male. 276. L. chengyuani. 277. L. datunensis. 278. L. delavayi. 279. L. derani derani. 280. L. derani fukinukiae. 281. L. fortunei. 282. L. fujianensis. 283. L. kirchneri. 284. L. klapperichi. 285. L. moae. 286. L. swinhoei. 287. L. wuyishanensis. 288. L. brivioi. 289. L. cenwanglaoshanus. 290. L. deuveinaus. 291. L. fairmairei. 292. L. fonti. 293. L. formosus. 294. L. fujitai. 295. L. hewenjiae. 296. L. liuweii. 297. L. miwai. 298. L. szetschuanicus. 299. L. yulaoensis. 300. L. zhanbishengi. 301. L. zhuxiangi. 302. L. dirki. 303. L. kraatzi kraatzi. 304. L. liupengyui. 305. L. nobilis. 306. L. shulini. 307. L. parryi. Scale bar=10mm.

Figures 324–335. Head characters of Lucanus spp., female. 324. L. hewenjiae. 325. L. liuweii. 326. L. miwai. 327. L. szetschuanicus. 328. L. zhanbishengi. 329. L. zhuxiangi. 330. L. dirki. 331. L. kraatzi kraatzi. 332. L. liupengyui. 333. L. nobilis. 334. L. shulini. 335. L. parryi. Scale bar=10mm.

Figures 336–363. Prothoracic tibial characters of Lucanus spp., female. 336. L. delavayi. 337. L. derani derani. 338. L. derani fukinukiae. 339. L. fortunei. 340. L. fujianensis. 341. L. kirchneri. 342. L. klapperichi. 343. L. moae. 344. L. swinhoei. 345. L. wuyishanensis. 346. L. brivioi. 347. L. cenwanglaoshanus. 348. L. deuveinaus. 349. L. fairmairei. 350. L. fonti. 351. L. formosus. 352. L. hewenjiae. 353. L. liuweii. 354. L. miwai. 355. L. szetschuanicus. 356. L. zhanbishengi. 357. L. zhuxiangi. 358. L. dirki. 359. L. kraatzi kraatzi. 360. L. liupengyui. 361. L. nobilis. 362. L. shulini. 363. L. parryi. Scale bar=10mm.

Figures 412–435. Male genitalia of Lucanus spp. 412. L. formosus, dorsal view. 413. L. formosus, ventral view. 414. L. formosus, lateral view. 415. L. fujitai, dorsal view. 416. L. fujitai, ventral view. 417. L. fujitai, lateral view. 418. L. hewenjiae, dorsal view. 419. L. hewenjiae, ventral view. 420. L. hewenjiae, lateral view. 421. L. liuweii, dorsal view. 422. L. liuweii, ventral view. 423. L. liuweii, lateral view. 424. L. miwai, dorsal view. 425. L. miwai, ventral view. 426. L. miwai, lateral view. 427. L. szetschuanicus, dorsal view. 428. L. szetschuanicus, ventral view. 429. L. szetschuanicus, lateral view. 430. L. yulaoensis, dorsal view. 431. L. yulaoensis, ventral view. 432. L. yulaoensis, lateral view. 433. L. zhanbishengi, dorsal view. 434. L. zhanbishengi, ventral view. 435. L. zhanbishengi, lateral view. Scale bar=10mm.

Figures 467–476. Lucanus spp. 467. Adults of L. brivioi on host plant in Fujian. 468. Male of L. fairmairei in Sichuan. 469. Male of L. fonti in Zhejiang. 470. Male of L. formosus in Yunnan. 471. Male of L. liuweii collected from host plant in Zhejiang. 472. Male of L. miwai on grass in Taiwan. 473. Male of L. zhuxiangi in Guangdong. 474. Male of L. dirki in Yunnan. 475. Male of L. parryi in Sichuan. 476. Final instar larva of L. kirchneri.