Cyclocephala gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg, 1907

Moore, Matthew R., Cave, Ronald D. & Branham, Marc A., 2018, Annotated catalog and bibliography of the cyclocephaline scarab beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Cyclocephalini), ZooKeys 745, pp. 101-378 : 169

Cyclocephala gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg, 1907

Cyclocephala gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg, 1907: 91-92 [original combination]

Stigmalia gregaria (Heyne & Taschenberg) [new combination by Casey 1915: 115, 122].

Cyclocephala gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg [revised combination by Arrow 1937b: 8, 11].

syn. Cyclocephala gregaria pallida Arrow, 1911: 172 [original combination].

Cyclocephala gregaria ab. pallida Arrow [new infrasubspecific status by Endrődi 1966: 210].

Types.

Invalid neotype ♂ of C. gregaria at HNHM ( Endrődi Collection) ( Endrődi 1966). Endrődi (1966) did not examine the type of C. gregaria pallida , and it may be at BMNH.

Distribution.

BOLIVIA: Santa Cruz. BRAZIL: Pará, São Paulo. COLOMBIA: Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca. ECUADOR: Morona-Santiago. VENEZUELA: Mérida.

References.

Heyne and Taschenberg 1907, Casey 1915, Arrow 1911, 1937b, Blackwelder 1944, Daniel 1945, Martínez 1968c, Pike et al. 1976, Endrődi 1966, 1985a, Montoya et al. 1994, Dechambre 1995, Restrepo et al. 2003, García-Robledo et al. 2004, 2005, Útima and Vallejo 2008, García-Robledo 2010, Krajcik 2005, 2012, Breeschoten et al. 2013, Yepes-Rodriguez et al. 2013, López-García et al. 2015, Gasca-Álvarez and Deloya 2016.

Remarks.

Heyne and Taschenberg (1907) briefly described an in litt. specimen of C. gregaria from Steinheil’s collection. Arrow (1911) published a longer description and designated types for C. gregaria that were sent to him from insect specimen dealers Otto Staudinger and Andreas Bang-Haas. Cyclocephala gregaria Arrow could be considered a homonym and synonym of C. gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg. Endrődi (1966) could not locate the type of C. gregaria and designated an invalid neotype. Endrődi (1966, 1985a) reported C. gregaria Heyne & Taschenberg from Boquete ( Chiriquí, Panama). Ratcliffe (2003) considers this record as likely erroneous and probably based on misidentified specimens of C. conspicua Sharp. Arrow (1911) described C. gregaria var. pallida . However, Arrow (1911) did not discuss or name subspecies, meaning that C. gregaria var. pallida is ambiguously infrasubspecific and should be treated as a subspecies at original description.