Patrera fulvastra, Simon. Additionally, 1903

Martínez, Leonel, Brescovit, Antonio D., Villarreal, Eduardo & Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., 2021, An update of morphological and distributional data of the genus Patrera Simon (Araneae: Anyphaenidae: Anyphaeninae) with the description of twenty-five new species from Colombia, Zootaxa 4914 (1), pp. 1-64 : 6

Patrera fulvastra species group

Diagnosis: males can be diagnosed by following combination of characters: a prominent, conspicuous and concave distal projection on the subtegulum; long, strong, wide based embolus, basally inserted on prolateral margin of the tegulum, usually provided with projections, and entire retrolateral tibial apophysis ( Figs 1C ̅E; 2C̅E; 3C̅E; 4C̅E; 5C̅E; 6C̅E; 7C̅E; 8C̅E; 9C̅E; 10B̅D; 11C̅E; 12C̅E). Females are distinguished from those of florezi and philipi groups by having wide lateral borders extending to the middle of the epigynal central region; rounded seminal receptacles on the large spermathecae, which are medially or anteromedially positioned ( Figs 1F ̅G; 2F̅G; 4F̅G; 5F̅G; 6F̅G; 8F̅G; 9F̅G; 11F̅G; 12F̅G), except for P. auricoma and P. danielae n. sp. whose seminal receptacles are situated above the copulatory ducts ( Figs 3F ̅G; 7F̅G).

Composition: Thirteen species: P. anchicaya n. sp., P. auricoma (L. Koch, 1866) , P. barbacoas n. sp., P. borjai n. sp., P. danielae n. sp., P. dimar n. sp., P. fulvastra Simon, 1903 , P. lauta ( Chickering, 1940) , P. perafani n. sp., P. platnicki n. sp., P. quillacinga n. sp., P. ramirezi n. sp., P. ruber (F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1900) .

Natural History. In Colombia, the species of the fulvastra group are distributed from the Antioquia, Boyacá, and Cundinamarca through Risaralda, Quindío and Valle del Cauca to Nariño departments, in an altitudinal range from 680 to 3456 meters ( Figs 30 ̅31). Males and female’s specimens of these species are usually collected in huge quantities and in sympatry, during the night, manually and beating foliage of shrubs and low vegetation on a wide variety of ecosystems, such as conserved high mountain wet forest and cloudy forest, such as Rivera del Rio Ñambí. The Natural Reserve Rio Ñambí, in the Pacific southern, known as “Chocó biogeográfico”, is characterized by its great biotic diversity and high endemic values ( Gentry 1981; Rangel & Lowy 1993; Lourenço 1994; Flórez et al. 2015). In addition to housing several endemic species, the reserve also contains a high richness of Patrera species.

Figures

FIGURE 1A–G. Patrera fulvastra Simon, 1903. Male (ICN-Ar-5581): A habitus, dorsal view; C left palp, retroventral view; D palp, ventral view; E palp, retrolateral view. Female (MCN 24208): B habitus, dorsal view; F epigynum, ventral view; G epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: A, atrium; BE, base of the embolus; CD, copulatory ducts; dps, dorsal projection of the subtegulum; H, hood; E, embolus; FD, fertilization ducts; LB, lateral borders; MA, median apophysis; RTA, retrolateral tibial apophysis; S, spermathecae; SD, spermatic ducts; ST, subtegulum; SR, seminal receptacles; T, tegulum. Scale bars:A–B: 3mm; C: 0.8mm; D–E: 1mm; F–G: 0.5mm.

FIGURE 3A–G. Patrera auricoma (L. Koch, 1866). Male (BMNH 1890.7.1.1280a): A habitus, dorsal view; C left palp, retroventral view; D palp, ventral view; E palp, retrolateral view. Female (ICN-Ar-9658): B habitus, dorsal view; F epigynum, ventral view; G epigynum, dorsal view. Abbreviations: MA, median apophysis. Scale bars: A–B: 2mm; C: 1mm; D–E: 0.5mm; F–G: 0.2mm.

FIGURE 30. Distribution of species of the fulvastra group in Colombia.