Discomyzini

Mathis, Wayne N., Costa, Daniel N. R. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2015, A review of Mimapsilopa Cresson (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil, Zootaxa 3926 (4), pp. 499-522 : 500-501

Tribe Discomyzini Acloque (12 genera, 56 species)

Discomyzini Acloque 1897: 486 . Type genus: Discomyza Meigen 1830 .─ Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 21 –30 [world catalog].

Diagnosis. The tribe Discomyzini is distinguished from other shore-fly tribes by the following combination of characters: Small to moderately small shore flies, body length 1.50–4.50 mm; body color and vestiture quite variable, from mostly black and shiny with sparse vestiture of microtomentum to yellowish red and densely invested with microtomentum. Head: Ocellar seta aligned behind anterior ocellus, sometimes only slightly so; pseudopostocellar seta small (elongate in Clasiopella Hendel ); fronto-orbital setae reclinate and/or proclinate; reclinate fronto-orbital seta usually inserted behind larger, proclinate fronto-orbital seta. Pedicel bearing an elongate, conspicuous, dorsal, spine-like seta. Facial conformation variable, smooth to strongly and coarsely sculptured on at least lower 1/2; medial facial setae short, the longest at most as long as its distance from opposite seta; facial area and ventral facial margin without setae; facial setae inserted in more or less vertical series, parallel with parafacial; subcranial cavity small to large. Thorax: Prescutellar acrostichal setae usually present, large (subequal to posterior dorsocentral seta), inserted widely apart (distance between setae subequal to that between either prescutellar and the posterior dorsocentral seta on the same side) and usually inserted anterior of intra-alar seta; presutural or sutural dorsocentral and postsutural setae absent (a synapomorphy for Discomyzinae ). Base or stem of R4+5 bearing 2–4 setulae on dorsum (lacking secondarily in Rhysophora and Guttipsilopa Wirth ). Abdomen: Male terminalia: Presurstylus well developed; postsurstylus (clasper) lobate, generally setose, sometimes with a postsurstylar process; subepandrial plate present; pregonite moderately well developed, usually bearing 2–3 long, apical setulae(a synapomorphy for Discomyzinae ); postgonite often greatly reduced, lacking, or perhaps fused with pregonite(a synapomorphy for Discomyzinae ); hypandrium round; aedeagus tubular, simple; phallapodeme generally hemispherical to rounded triangular in lateral view; ejaculatory apodeme lacking(a synapomorphy for Discomyzinae ). Female terminalia: Ventral receptacle with a relatively large operculum and curved extended process. Larva: Anterior spiracle cauliflower shaped.

Discussion. We follow Zatwarnicki (1992) in recognizing two tribes ( Discomyzini and Psilopini ) within the subfamily Discomyzinae . Evidence for the monophyly of Discomyzini , however, is not overwhelming (base or stem of vein R4+5 bearing 2–4 setulae on dorsum) and more evidence and assessment are needed. For example, the synapomorphies noted in the tribal diagnosis mostly apply to both Discomyzini and Psilopini (the subfamily Discomyzinae ). The tribe Discomyzini presently comprises 12 genera and 56 species ( Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995 and electronic updates).