Alycini, Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877

Uusitalo, Matti, Ueckermann, Edward A. & Theron, Pieter D., 2020, A review of the family Alycidae (Acari, Acariformes) from South Africa, Zootaxa 4858 (3), pp. 301-340 : 304

Key to African species of Alycini

(The solenidial numbers concern only the adult stages).

1. Chelicerae beak-like, no cheliceral setae ( Fig. 18 ; Uusitalo 2010: fig. 3). ( Pachygnathus Dugès, 1834 )................. 2

- Chelicerae robust ( Figs. 34 , 135E, F )...................................................................... 3

2. Dorsal chaetotaxy holotrichous; 3 solenidia on femora I ( Fig. 27 )................................... P. nasutus sp. n.

- Dorsum neotrichous ( Uusitalo 2010: fig. 53).................................................... Holarctic fauna

3. Cheliceral shafts elongated, evenly tapering ( Figs. 68 , 135F ; Uusitalo 2010: fig. 5). ( Amphialycus Zachvatkin, 1949 )...... 4

- Cheliceral shafts abruptly tapering into chelae ( Fig. 135E ). ( Alycus C.L. Koch, 1842 ). Naso absent; setae vi off prodorsal sclerite (cf. Holarctic denasutus ) ( Fig. 1 ; Uusitalo 2010: fig. 25); 1 solenidion on tibiae I; no solenidia on femora IV; 1 solenidion on femora I ( Figs. 10, 11 )............................................................. A. augrabiensis sp. n.

4. Both pairs of prodorsal sensilla filamentous; dorsum holotrichous ( Fig. 31 )....................................... 5

- Both pairs of prodorsal sensilla filamentous; dorsum neotrichous ( Fig. 50 )........................................ 6

5. Cheliceral seta present ( Fig. 34 ); naso an obvious button ( Fig. 30 ); 2 solenidia on tarsi I and 1 solenidion on tarsi II; 2 solenidia on genua III; 3 on genua I; 2 on femora I ( Figs. 38, 39, 40 )........................................ A. acacia sp. n.

- Cheliceral seta absent ( Fig. 68 ); naso small, reduced ( Fig. 64 ); 2 solenidia on tarsi I and 1 solenidion on tarsi II; 2 solenidia on genua III; 4 on genua I; 2 on femora I........................................................ A. mayteni sp. n.

6. Naso tapering, obvious, separating counterparts of setae vi ( Figs. 48, 49 ); 2 solenidia on tarsi I and 2 solenidia on tarsi II ( Figs. 55, 56 ); 2 solenidia on genua III; 3 on genua I; 2 on femora I...................................... A. adustus sp. n.

- Naso absent; setae vi very close to each other ( Fig. 76 ); 2 solenidia on tarsi I and 1 solenidion on tarsi II; no solenidia on genua III; 3 on genua I; 1 on femora I.................................................... A. oblongus (Halbert, 1920)

Figures

FIGURE 135. Details of Alycidae. A—prodorsum of Petralycus longicornis, B—prodorsum of P. brevicornis, C—palpal tarsi with solenidion ω extending partly over a pair of distal mucronate eupathids, Petralycus sp., D—strongly elongated chelicerae with 5 teeth similar in size on each fixed digit and 2 claws and a clawless empodium (arrow), Petralycus sp., E—cheliceral shafts abruptly tapering into chelae with 2 strong teeth on each fixed digit, Alycus sp., F—cheliceral shafts evenly tapering, elongated, Amphialycus sp. Abbreviations: Na—naso, Ch—chelicera, chb—cheliceral seta, P—palp, I—first leg.

FIGURES 16−22. Pachygnathus nasutus sp. nov. 16—Prodorsum, sclerotized crista, filamentous sensilla ve and sci ciliated, setae exp small; 17—Swollen naso; 18—Beak-like chelicerae, typical to genus; 19—Palp tarsus with 4 pseudacanthoid eupathids; 20—Subcapitulum, 1 pair of adoral setae; 21—Genital valve of female, 13 genital setae, 2 eugenital setae; 22—Tarsus I (2 solenidia), famulus I (arrow), Tibia I (2 solenidia).

FIGURES 29−35. Amphialycus (Amphialycus) acaciae sp. nov. 29—Prodorsum, sclerotized crista, setae vi wide apart from each other; 30—Nasal area in lateral view; 31—Dorsal habitus, holotrichy; 32—Ventral habitus, 22 genital setae per valve, 8–9 anal setae per valve on PA (cf. Fig. 31); 33—Genital valve of female, 21 genital setae, 1 pair of eugenital setae; 34—Chelicera, smooth cheliceral seta more abaxially than the figure suggests; 35—Palp tarsus with 2 pairs of pseudacanthoid eupathids.

FIGURES 23−28. Pachygnathus nasutus sp. nov. 23—Genital valve of male, 15 genital setae per valve, 10 pairs of eugenitals; 24—Deutonymph, genital area, 5 genital setae per valve; 25—Protonymph, genital area, 1 genital seta per valve; 26—Protonymph, subcapitulum; 27—Dorsal habitus of larva, holotrichy, sensilla ve and sci slightly swollen, 1 pair of palpal eupathids; 28—Ventral habitus of larva, genital area absent, 3–4 anal setae per valve. 16−28 from RSA, near Potchefstroom.

FIGURES 68−75. Amphialycus (Amphialycus) mayteni sp. nov. 68—Chelicera, robust, elongated, without cheliceral setae; 69—Subcapitulum, rutella with broad shaft, ventrodistal lobes,1 pair of adorals; 70—Rutellum, without apical point; 71—Palp, tarsus with 4 barbed eupathids in 2 groups; 72—Genital valve of female, 24 genital setae, 1 (pair of) eugenital setae; 73—2 slightly bent claws and densely setulated, claw-like empodium; 74—Probably a male tritonymph, genital valve, 15 genital setae per valve, 4 eugenitals, see Kethley (1991); 75—Protonymph, venter, 1 genital seta per valve. 63−75 from RSA, near Potchef- stroom.

FIGURES 1−5. Alycus augrabiensis sp. nov. 1—Prodorsum, integument mostly soft on crista, i.e. the area from naso to sensilla (from vi to ve), exp subequal in size with sce; 2—Dorsal habitus; 3—Integument and setal microplates; 4—Ventral habitus, 18–19 genital setae per valve, 2 eugenitals (female), 5 anal setae per valve on PA (cf. Fig. 2); 5—Genital valve of female, 19 genital setae, 1 pair of eugenital setae.

FIGURES 6−13. Alycus augrabiensis sp. nov. 6—Rutellum, broad shaft, ventrodistal lobes, and apical point; 7—Subcapitulum, 3 pairs of adorals; 8—Palpal tarsi with 3 pairs of pseudacanthoid eupathids; 9—Genital valve of male, 16 genital setae per valve, 7 (pairs of) eugenitals; 10—Tarsus I (2 solenidia), famulus I (arrow); 11—Tibia I (1 solenidion), Genu I (4 solenidia), Femur I (1 solenidion); 12—Tarsus II (1 solenidion), Tibia II (2 solenidia), Genu II (2 solenidia); 13—Two claws with barbed shafts and a claw-like, oligosetulate empodium.

FIGURES 48−53. Amphialycus (Amphialycus) adustus sp. nov. 48—Prodorsum, sclerotized crista, tapering naso, distance between counterparts of setae vi and sensilla ve subequal; 49—Nasal area in lateral view; 50—Dorsal habitus, neotrichy; 51—Ventral habitus, 21–22 genital setae per valve, 9–10 anal setae per valve; 52—Subcapitulum, rutella with broad shaft, ventrodistal lobes and an apical point,1 pair of adorals; 53—Palp tarsus with 5 barbed eupathids.

FIGURES 36−42. Amphialycus (Amphialycus) acaciae sp. nov. 36—Subcapitulum, rutellum with broad shaft and ventrodistal lobes, 2 pairs of adorals; 37—2 claws and multisetulate, claw-like empodium (cf. oligosetulate in Fig. 13); 38—Tarsus I (2 solenidia), famulus I (arrow); 39—Tibia I (2 solenidia), Genu I (3 solenidia), Femur I (2 solenidia); 40—Tarsus II (1 solenidion), famulus II (arrow), Tibia II (2 solenidia), Genu II (2 solenidia); 41—Tarsus III (no solenidia), Tibia III (2 solenidia), Genu III (2 solenidia); 42—Leg IV, Genu IV (1 solenidion).

FIGURES 63−67. Amphialycus (Amphialycus) mayteni sp. nov. 63—Prodorsum, sclerotized crista, reduced naso, distance between counterparts of setae vi and sensilla ve subequal; 64—Nasal area in lateral view; 65—Dorsal habitus, holotrichy; 66—Ventral habitus, neotrichy, 17–20 genital setae per valve, 6 anal setae per valve; 67—Genital valve of male, 21 genital setae, 10 (pairs of) eugenital setae.

FIGURES 54−59. Amphialycus (Amphialycus) adustus sp. nov. 54—Genital valve of male with 19 genital setae, 10 (pairs of) eugenital setae; 55—Tarsus I (2 solenidia); 56—Tarsus II (2 solenidia), famulus II (arrow); 57—2 slightly bent claws and densely setulated, claw-like empodium; 58—Tritonymph, venter, 12–15 genital setae per valve; 59—Deutonymph, venter, 6 genital setae per valve.

FIGURES 76−83. Amphialycus (Orthacarus) oblongus (Halbert). 76—Prodorsum, naso missing, distance between counterparts of setae vi and sensilla ve smaller than between setae in, setae vi, sce and exp reduced; 77—Dorsal habitus, neotrichy; 78—Ventral habitus, 17 genital setae per valve, 8 anal setae per valve (cf. Fig. 77); 79—Genital valve of female, 16–18 genital setae, 1 pair of eugenital setae; 80—Subcapitulum, 1 pair of adorals; 81—Rutellum; 82—Palp, tarsus with 4 barbed and basally fused eupathids; 83—2 slightly bent claws and densely setulated, claw-like empodium.