Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829

Bílý, Svatopluk, 2019, Subgeneric classification of the genus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini), Zootaxa 4568 (2), pp. 261-278 : 264-265

Subgenus Anthaxia Eschscholtz, 1829

Type species: Buprestis nitida Rossi, 1794 (currently Anthaxia (A.) fulgurans (Schrank, 1789)) ; subsequent designation by Westwood, 1838: 24.

Anthaxia (Anthaxiola) Richter, 1945 (unavailable name, without designation of the type species).

Anthaxia (Callanthaxia) Richter, 1945 ; type species: Buprestis passerinii Pecchioli, 1837 .

Anthaxia (Cyclanthaxia) Richter, 1949 ; type species: Buprestis croesus Ƒillers, 1789 .

Anthaxia (Euanthaxia) Richter, 1949 ; type species: Buprestis millefolii sensu Richter, 1949 .

Anthaxia (Homalanthaxia) Richter, 1945 (validiated by Bílý, 1997 with A. funerula lliger 1803 as the type species).

Cratomerus (Trichocratomerus) Richter, 1949 ; type species: Buprestis manca Linnaeus, 1767 .

Eoanthaxites Haupt, 1950 (fossil); type species: Coraebus carniolica Pongrácz, 1935 .

Usually flattened, rarely subcylindrical species; elytra more or less parallel-sided, covering lateral parts of ventrites from the dorsal view ( Figs. 1–5, 11 ), elytral epipleura wide, not reaching elytral apex or very narrow (namely in middle of elytral length), almost missing in small, subcylindrical species ( Fig. 29 ); subhumeral lobe very weak or absent ( Figs. 26–29 ), lateral sides of elytra not or very weakly emarginate posterior to subhumeral lobe ( Fig. 26– 29 ); pronotal sculpture consisting of simple, polygonal cells with or without central grains, lateral margins of pronotum often with oblique or longitudinal rugae ( Fig. 42 ), in some species-groups pronotum with concentric rugae ( Fig. 41 ) or with strongly prolonged, lateral cells ( Fig. 40 ), sometimes all these types of sculpture are combined; very rarely pronotum with rather rough basal microsculpture and very weak, polygonal reticulation ( Fig. 4 ); lateroposterior pronotal depressions usually well-developed, rarely weak (in some small, subcylindrical species—Figs. 4, 5); male antennae not widened, male metatibiae usually simple or only with fine, simple, inner serrations ( Figs. 1–3, 11 ), very rarely more or less curved; aedeagus usually spindle-shaped, sometimes apical half strongly narrowed ( Figs. 55, 56 ), median lobe without lateral serrations, parameres without lateral spines; coloration very diverse, from uniformly bronze to metallic green, dorsal surface often multicolorous ( Figs. 1–5 ).

BIONOMY. Development both in broad-leaved trees or shrubs and Conifers, very rarely also in herbs (e.g. Anthaxia (A.) anatolica or A. (A.) funerula species-groups).

DISTRIBUTION: the whole Palaearctic region with a few species in the Oriental region.

Many species or species-groups currently treated in this subgenus have to be transferred to the subgenus Haplanthaxia .

SPECIES INCLUDED: amasina species-group, anatolica species-group, candens species-group, dimidiata species-group, fulgurans species-group, funerula species-group, glabrifrons species-group, hypomelaena speciesgroup, midas species-group, nitidula species-group, passerini species-group, plicata species-group, salicis speciesgroup, sedilloti species-group, senicula species-group, spinosa species-group; besides above mentioned speciesgroups also many other species which are not currently attributed to any species-group will be included.

Figures

FIGURES 1–12. Anthaxia, dorsal aspect. 1—Anthaxia (Anthaxia) fulgurans (Schrank), male, 4.5 mm; 2—A. (A.) plicata plicata Kiesenwetter, female, 5.1 mm; 3—A. (A.) salicis salicis (Fabricius), male, 4.1 mm; 4—A. (A.) malachitica Abeille, male, 2.1 mm; 5—A. (A.) stepanovi Richter, holotype, 3.0 mm; 6—A. (Cratomerus) hungarica hungarica (Scopoli), male, 12.0 mm; 7—the same, female, 13.5 mm; 8—A. (Haplanthaxia) dispar Kerremans, male, 7.5 mm; 9—A. (H.) cichorii (Olivier), male, 5.1 mm; 10—A. (H.) kneuckeri zabranskyi Bílý, male, 5.1 mm; 11—A. (A.) cashmirensis Obenberger, male, 8.5 mm; 12—A. (Melanthaxia) godeti Gory & Laporte, male, 4.7 mm.

FIGURES 25–39. Anthaxia, subhumeral lobe (not in scale). 25—Anthaxia (Richteraxia) amplithorax Kerremans, white arrow indicates “lock" in humeral callosity; 26—A. (Anthaxia) salicis salicis (Fabricius); 27—A. (A.) fulgurans (Schrank); 28—A. (A.) plicata plicata Kiesenwetter; 29—A. (A.) stepanovi Richter, holotype; 30—A. (Cratomerus) hungarica hungarica (Scopoli); 31—A. (Haplanthaxia) cichorii (Olivier); 32—A. (H.) caseyi Obenberger; 33—A. (H.) dispar Kerremans; 34—A. (Richteraxia) angustipennis (Klug); 35—A. (Melanthaxia) quadripunctata (Linnaeus); 36—A. (M.) kochi Obenberger; 37—A. (Merocratus) insulaecola Obenberger; 38—A. (Thailandia.) rondoni Baudon; 39—A. (Capanthzaxia..) hilaris Gory.

FIGURES 40–54. Anthaxia, pronotal sculpture (not in scale). 40—Anthaxia (Anthaxia) fulgurans (Schrank); 41—A. (A.) salicis salicis (Fabricius); 42—A. (A.) manca (Fabricius); 43—A. (Melanthaxia) nigrojubata nigrojubata Roubal; 44—A. (Cratomerus) hungarica hungarica (Scopoli); 45—A. (Haplanthaxia) cichorii (Olivier); 46—A. (H.) kneuckeri zabranskyi Bílý; 47—A. (H.) pumila (Klug); 48—A. (Richteraxia) angustipennis (Klug); 49—A. (R.) marginifera metallescens Bílý; 50— A. (Merocratus) tamdaoensis Bílý; 51—A. (Thailandia) rondoni Baudon; 52—A. (Capanthaxia) capensis Kerremans; 53—A. (Cap.) aterrima Kerremans; 54—A. (Cap.) sulcicollis Obenberger.

FIGURES 55–76. Anthaxia, aedeagi (not in scale). 55—Anthaxia (Anthaxia) candens (Panzer); 56—A. (A.) kmoniceki Bílý; 57—A. (Melanthaxia) nigrojubata incognita Bílý; 58—A. (M.) helvetica Stierlin; 59—A. (M.) obesa Abeille; 60—A. (Cratomerus) hungarica hungarica (Scopoli); 61—A. (Richteraxia) angustipennis (Klug); 62—A. (R.) crassa Obenberger; 63—A. (R.) imperatrix Obenberger; 64—A. (Haplanthaxia) elaeagni Richter; 65—A. (H.) nigroaenea Bílý; 66—A. (H.) pseudocongregata Descarpentries; 67—A. (H.) kneuckeri zabranskyi Bílý; 68—A. (H.) deimos Bílý; 69—A. (H.) dispar Kerremans; 70—A. (H.) loebli Bílý; 71—A. (H.) thailandica Bílý; 72—A. (H.) occulta Bílý; 73—A. (H.) duodevicesima Bílý; 74—A. (Merocratus) longipilis Bílý; 75—A. (Thailandica) rondoni; 76—A. (Capanthaxia) capensis Kerremans.