Glyphidrilus, Horst, 1889

Chanabun, Ratmanee, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak, 2013, The semi-aquatic freshwater earthworms of the genus Glyphidrilus Horst, 1889 from Thailand (Oligochaeta, Almidae) with re-descriptions of several species, ZooKeys 265, pp. 1-76 : 8-9

Genus Glyphidrilus

Type species.

Glyphidrilus weberi Horst, 1889. Type species by original designation in Horst (1889: 77).

Diagnosis.

Prostomium zygolobous. Body shape nearly circular in cross section in anterior part, and becoming quadrangular in posterior part or behind clitellum. Anus dorsal or dorso-terminal. A longitudinal lamellar ridge at maturity from body wall on each side, in bc, through several of the clitellar segments (wi). Dorsal pores absent. Se tae four pairs per segment. Clitellum annular. Genital apertures, all minute and superficial. Male pores inconspicuous, located ventral to wi. Spermathecal pores usually all behind the testis segments. Gi in 7 or 8 sometime extending into an adjacent segment; strengthening of the musculature at the beginning of the intestine present or absent, no well marked intestinal gi. Calciferous glands absent. Sv usually short, each confined to segment of origin or one more; usually four pairs in 9-12. Holonephridia. Nephrostomes avesiculate and without sphincters or intestinal caeca. Testis and funnels free in 10 and 11; male ducts intramural. Ov fan shaped and with several egg strings. Ovisacs present or absent. Prostate glands absent. Sc adiverticulate.

Distribution.

The genus Glyphidrilus has widely distributed range from Tanzania in Africa to South Asia and Southeast Asia. In Asia many species were recorded from Yunnan, southwest China, Hainan, Indochina, Malaysia, Laos, Thailand, Singapore, and some Sunda Shelf islands such as Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Celebes ( Horst 1893, Chen 1938, Gates 1958, 1972, Chen and Xu 1977, Shen and Yeo 2005, Chanabun et al. 2011, 2012a, b). It occurs along the river banks, lakes, canals, swamps and in paddy rice systems.