Baibarana Matsumura, 1940

Liang, Ai-Ping, Jiang, Guo-Mei & Webb, M. D., 2006, Revision of the Oriental spittlebug genera Baibarana Matsumura and Telogmometopius Jacobi (Hemiptera: Cercopidae: Rhinaulacini), Journal of Natural History 40 (35 - 37), pp. 2071-2099 : 2076-2077

Baibarana Matsumura

Baibarana Matsumura 1940, p 41 ; 1942, p 101; Neave 1950, p 29; Metcalf 1961, p 430. Type species: Baibarana uchidai Matsumura, 1940 , by original designation and monotypy.

Description

Small, finely pubescent spittlebugs, length (from apex of vertex to tip of fore wings): 3.8– 5.0 mm.

General colour grey to brown, vertex and pronotum usually olivaceous yellow; fore wings sometimes with pale granules.

Head relatively broad; roundly or angularly produced anteriorly, narrow in profile. Vertex flat, sloping forward, posterior margin concave; ocelli very close to each other, situated halfway between anterior and posterior margins. Antennae with pedicel distinctly longer than scape, flagellar base expanded and subglobose, with one peg-like basiconic sensillum on apical part; ultrastructure not examined. Postclypeus weakly convex, in males upper half variably compressed laterally and longitudinally keel-like medially; lateral areas with distinct muscle impressions (striations) dorsally. Females with postclypeus more bulbose with lateral areas weakly compressed and medial longitudinal region flatter and smoother and muscle impressions fainter. Rostrum extending slightly beyond middle coxae. Pronotum hexagonal, broader than long, centrally and posteriorly convex, sloping to depressed vertex; anterior margin broadly arched anteriorly, anterior lateral margins relatively short, nearly half to one-third of posterior lateral margin, posterior margin mesially arched anteriorly. Scutellum as long as broad at base, disc shallowly depressed, apex sloping downward caudally. Fore wings about 2.5 times as long as broad, surface sometimes with numerous granules, some of them confluent, forming ridges; Rs branched apically; veins indistinct or sometimes distinct on apical area resulting in obscure or prominent apical cells, respectively. Hind wings with four elongate, closed, apical cells, Cu1 branched, Cu1a and Cu1b on relatively long stalk, cross vein m-cu meeting Cu1a well before branch of Cu1a/Cu1b. Hind tibiae with one lateral spur slightly distad of mid-length. Male pregenital segment very short, much shorter than pygofer in ventral view.

Male genitalia with pygofer in lateral view protruding anteriorly on upper half and posteriorly on lower half, wider dorsally than ventrally, anterior margin somewhat Sshaped, posterior margin sinuate and slightly angular submesially. Anal segments and anal style short and small. Subgenital plates not fused to pygofer, comprising an expanded basal part with an apical spine-like process. Lateral plates usually very elongate and large in lateral view, distinctly protruding posterodorsally above subgenital plates and nearly as long as the upper genital styles in lateral view. Styles relatively elongate, positioned above lateral plates in lateral view; produced dorsally slightly distad of mid-length or club-like (in sinuata ); pilose over apical half. Aedeagal shaft in lateral view very elongate, cylindrical, extreme basal part produced ventrally between subgenital plates then curved posterodorsally and strongly anterodorsally, subapically expanded with extreme apex usually with a fine, posteroventrally directed hook; gonopore subapical on dorsal surface.

Female genitalic segment strongly upturned, ovipositor somewhat protruding beyond apex of pygofer.

Remarks

Baibarana was placed in the tribe Cosmoscartini Schmidt by Metcalf (1961). Cosmoscartini is characterized by the strongly bulbose frons, hind tibiae with two lateral spurs, and male genitalia with subgenital plates short, without an apical spine-like process, without lateral plates, and aedeagal shaft short and not strongly curved. We here transfer Baibarana to the tribe Rhinaulacini based on the following characters: postclypeus weakly bulbous; hind tibiae with one lateral spur; subgenital plates with an expanded basal region and a spine-like apical process; lateral plates present; and aedeagal shaft elongate, cylindrical, and strongly curved.

Baibarana can be distinguished by its relatively broad head ( Figure 1 ) and from most other Rhinaulacini (especially those from the Oriental and Australian Regions) by the postclypeus with its upper part usually keel-like medially and its lower part relatively broad, flat and smooth. In other genera the postclypeus is medially sulcate, or keel-like throughout length in Telogmometopius . In the male genitalia Baibarana is very similar to Sounama (see Liang and Webb 2002, Figures 58–94 ).

In common with most spittlebug groups, currently no biological data are available for Baibarana species. Collecting data show that adults can be collected in almost all seasons and certain species, e.g. B. longispina , can be attracted and collected at light (see collecting data below).

Distribution

Oriental Region, including Taiwan, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand.

Figures

Figures 1–8. Baibarana and Telogmometopius species. (1) Baibarana rufofasciata, dorsal habitus. (2) Telogmometopius carinilabratus, dorsal habitus. (3) B. uchidai, head, ventral view. (4) T. carinilabratus (China: Yunnan), head, ventral view. (5) B. uchidai, head and pronotum, lateral view. (6) T. obsoletus, head and pronotum, lateral view. (7, 8) T. carinilabratus (China: Yunnan): (7) fore wing; (8) hind wing.

Figures 56–68. Baibarana species, male genitalia, left lateral view except where indicated. (56–62) B. longispina: (56) apex of male genital capsule, ventral view, showing subgenital plates; (57) subgenital plate, ventral view; (58) genital capsule; (59, 60) genital style; (61) lateral plate; (62) aedeagus. (63–68). B. rufofasciata: (63) male genital capsule, ventral view; (64) subgenital plate, ventrolateral view; (65) male genital capsule; (66) lateral plate; (67) genital style; (68) aedeagus.

Figures 69–82. Telogmometopius species, male genitalia, left lateral view except where indicated. (69–73) T. bicarinatus: (69) male genital capsule, ventral view; (70) male genital capsule; (71) subgenital plate, ventrolateral view; (72) left genital style; (73) left genital style, inner side view. (74–79) T. carinilabratus: (74) male genital capsule, ventral view; (75) male genital capsule; (76) subgenital plate, ventral view; (77) lateral plate; (78) genital style; (79) aedeagus. (80–82) T. himalayensis: (80) male genital capsule, ventral view; (81) male genital capsule; (82) subgenital plate, ventral view.

Figures 83–93. Telogmometopius species, male genitalia, left lateral view except where indicated. (83–85) T. bifasciatus: (83) male genital capsule; (84) subgenital plate, ventrolateral view; (85) aedeagus. (86–90) T. rangoonensis: (86) male genital capsule, ventral view; (87) male genital capsule; (88) subgenital plate, ventrolateral view; (89) lateral plate; (90) genital style. (91–93) T. angulatus: (91) male genital capsule, ventral view; (92) male genital capsule; (93) subgenital plate.

Figures 94–108. Telogmometopius species, male genitalia, left lateral view except where indicated. (94–97) T. sabahensis: (94) subgenital plates, ventral view; (95) left subgenital plates, ventrolateral view; (96) genital style; (97) aedeagus. (98–103) T. obsoletus: (98) male genital capsule, ventral view; (99) male genital capsule; (100) subgenital plate, ventrolateral view; (101) lateral plate; (102) genital style; (103) aedeagus. (104–108) T. sarawakensis: (104) male genital capsule, ventral view; (105) male genital capsule; (106) subgenital plate, ventrolateral view; (107) lateral plate; (108) genital style.