Sennius leucostauros Johnson & Kingsolver, 1973

Viana, Jéssica Herzog & Ribeiro-Costa, Cibele Stramare, 2013, Review of the largest species group of the New World seed beetle genus Sennius Bridwell (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), with host plant associations, Zootaxa 3736 (5), pp. 501-535 : 518-520

Sennius leucostauros Johnson & Kingsolver, 1973

( Figs 47–54 )

Sennius leucostauros Johnson & Kingsolver, 1973: 75 (description, key, figures, type designation, taxonomy, distribution, host); Johnson 1977: 128,130 (host, distribution); Johnson & Kingsolver 1981: 419 (catalog, distribution); Udayagiri & Wadhi 1989: 105 (catalog); Kingsolver 2004: 200 (key, diagnosis, figures, host, distribution); Romero-Nápoles & Johnson 2004: 627 (list); Lorea-Barocio et al. 2006: 519 (distribution, host).

Redescription. Dimension. BL: 1.8–2.3 mm; BW: 1.1–1.7 mm.

Integument color. Head black with small red-orange post-ocular macula, labrum generally brown ( Fig. 49 ); antennomeres 1–4 red-orange, seven apical pale to dark brown ( Figs 48, 49 ). Thorax, abdomen and fore coxa black; legs red-orange except hind femur with black macula on basal half, remaining red-orange to almost entirely black ( Fig. 48 ).

Pubescence. Head white on post-ocular lobe; small white dense patch posterior to post-ocular lobe, remainder with sparse white setae ( Figs 48, 49 ). Labrum with scattered golden setae, denser at apex ( Fig. 49 ). Pronotum with sparse white setae on midline and lateral third, remaining with sparse brown and golden setae. Elytra at base of 3rd, 5th and 6th interstices with white short patch of dense setae; 1st strial interval with white and golden setae, golden setae denser; 2nd strial interval with dense white setae except golden apex; mesoapical region of 3rd strial interval with white setae except golden apex; white horizontal and irregular strip from 4th to 11th interstices on submedian region, remainder of elytra with sparse white and golden setae ( Fig. 47 ). Pygidium with three white dense patch at base, one on each lateral margin and one median, which extends in line until apex; remainder with sparse brown and golden setae ( Fig. 50 ). Ventral surface with moderately dense white setae, denser laterally ( Fig. 48 ).

Head with frons slightly convex, frontal carina slightly evident or absent and ocular sinus deep, more than half length of eye ( Fig. 49 ). Antennomeres 1, 3 and 4 filiform, 2 moniliform, 5–10 as long as wide, 11 globular but pointed apically. Disc of pronotum strongly sulcate at basal lobe. Elytra without denticle at base of strial. Hind femur on ventral margin with very prominent tooth (0.05–0.08 mm), microserrate ( Fig. 51 ); hind tibia with lateroventral carina extending more than half its length ( Fig. 52 ).

Male genitalia. Median lobe strongly sclerotized, about 4.4 times longer than wide medially, apex slightly expanded; ventral valve triangular with truncate apex and lateral margins convex. Internal sac with hinge sclerites long, moderately curved and thin; apical region without spicules; subapical region with long and dense group of short spicules; submedian region with two elongated and lateral groups of long spicules; latero-basal lobes of internal sac with dense and short spicules; basal region with denticles denser near gonopore ( Fig. 53 ). Tegmen with lateral lobes separated by emargination about 0.8 times their length ( Fig. 54 ).

Material examined. Types (14): Sennius leucostauros Johnson & Kingsolver, 1973 . Holotype and Allotype deposited in USNM. Holotype, labels: “ MEX.: Oax., \ Temascal, 5 mi. \ E. VI-30-64 ”(White) “Reared from seeds \ Cassia bicapsularis ”(White) “C. D. Johnson \ collectors”(White) “ U.S. N.M. \ Type Nº \ 71397”(Red) “ HOLOTYPE \ Sennius leucostauros \ Johnson & Kingsolver”(Blue). Allotype, labels: same labels of holotype except the last: “ALLOTYPE \ Sennius leucostauros \ Johnson & Kingsolver” (Blue). 12 Paratypes studied, deposited in USNM (6) and CNCI (6), labels: USA: Texas: 2, “McAllen, Tex. \ 4-1-1948 \ L. J. Bottimer”(White) “ex seed of \ Cassia ”(White) “L. J. Bottimer \ Collection \ Nº 90r”(White) “ PARATYPE \ Sennius leucostauros \ Johnson & Kingsolver”(Blue) (USNM); 2, “McAllen, Tex. \ 7-11-1948 \ L. J. Bottimer”(White) “ex seed of \ Cassia ”(White) “L. J. Bottimer \ Collection \ Nº 90r”(White) “ PARATYPE \ Sennius leucostauros \ Johnson & Kingsolver”(Blue) “ PARATYPE \ CNC Nº 13139” (CNCI); 4, “McAllen, Tex. \ 9-10-1948 \ L. J. Bottimer”(White) “ex seed of \ Cassia ”(White) “L. J. Bottimer \ Collection \ Nº 90r”(White) “ PARATYPE \ Sennius leucostauros \ Johnson & Kingsolver”(Blue) “ PARATYPE \ CNC Nº 13139” (CNCI); MEX: Oaxaca: 4, “ MEX.: Oax., \ Temascal, 5 mi. \ E. VI-30-64 ”(White) “Reared from seeds \ Cassia bicapsularis ”(White) “C. D. Johnson \ collectors”(White) “ PARATYPE \ Sennius leucostauros \ Johnson & Kingsolver”(Blue) (USNM). Note: The paratypes studied are part of the type material designated in Johnson & Kingsolver (1973). In addition to the museums mentioned above, others paratypes were deposited in TAMU (CD Johnson collection), CAS, FMNH and MCZ.

Non-type (11): USA: Texas: Donna: 7, V/[19]36, J. W. Monk (CNCI). MEX: Veracruz: Tampico: 1, 32 mi. S., 14/IV/1972 (USNM). Oaxaca: Temascal: 3, 5 mi E., 24/VI/1964, D. H. Janzen, Cassia bicapsularis

(2, DZUP; 1, USNM).

Distribution. USA (Texas), MEX (Veracruz, Oaxaca, Campeche, Colima, Jalisco, Morelos), BIZ, GUA, ESA.

Host Plant. FABACEAE : Caesalpinioideae : Senna pendula , S. bicapsularis .

Diagnosis. Sennius leucostauros (subgroup 3) is externally similar to S. bondari and S. lojaensis (subgroup 1). All three species share the black integument with a horizontal stripe of white setae at the median region of elytra.

Sennius leucostauros differs by the dense golden setae with moderately white and golden setae forming a horizontal stripe on the elytra and Sennius lojaensis specimens have sparse golden with black pubescence except a dense white zig zag stripe. The male genitalia of S. leucostauros is similar to that of S. bondari (subgroup 3) and S. lebasi (subgroup 3), differing by the long, moderately curved and thin hinge sclerites; those are long, moderately curved and broad in S. bondari and short, strongly curved and thin in S. lebasi .

Figures

FIGURES 47 – 54. Sennius leucostauros. 47, dorsal view; 48, lateral view; 49, head, frontal view; 50, pygidium; 51, part of hind leg, internal view; 52, hind tibia, external view; 53, 54 male genitalia: 53, median lobe with hinge sclerites, others sclerites magnified and latero-basal lobes of internal sac; 54, tegmen.