Macrocixius unispinus, Zhang, Pei & Chen, Xiang-Sheng, 2013

Zhang, Pei & Chen, Xiang-Sheng, 2013, Taxonomic study on the planthopper genus Macrocixius Matsumura (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) with descriptions of two new species from China, Zootaxa 3646 (3), pp. 277-288 : 285-288

Macrocixius unispinus sp. nov.

( Figs 40–52 )

Description. Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 8.8 mm (n = 1).

Coloration. General color blackish brown ( Figs 56, 60, 64 ). Eyes yellowish brown alternating with black brown. Ocelli dull yellow. Face black brown, base and lateral margin deeply brown, areas around both ends of frontoclypeal suture with glassily yellow markings. Pronotum generally yellowish brown, area beside median carina and posterior margin of eyes black brown. Mesonotum black brown. Forewing colorless, hyaline, spreading with small dark brown markings on apical area, costal area and clavus area; stigma blackish brown; strip between bases of CuP and PCu black brown; yellow alternating with black brown on basal half of veins, apical half of veins mostly black brown. Hind tarsi with platellae yellow. Abdomen blackish brown ventrally.

Head. Median ocellus ( Figs 41 , 64 ) on the peak of frontoclypeal suture. Vertex ( Figs 40 , 56 ) 1.3 X wider than long; subapical carina joins lateral carinae at apical 1/6; anterior margin slightly sinuous with middle archedly convex, posterior margin nearly trapezoidally concave; areolets before subapical carina concave, area behind subapical carina archedly concave; both two portions of median carina existing. Frons ( Figs 41 , 64 ) 1.2 X longer than wide; anterior margin concave into an obtuse angle. Rostrum relatively long, reaching apex of hind femur, subapical segment 1.3 X longer than apical segment.

Pronotum and mesonotum. Pronotum ( Figs 40 , 56 ) 1.3 X longer than vertex; intermediate carinae curving forward, vanishing near anterior margin of pronotum; both sides of median carina deeply concave; posterior margin concave, forming an obtuse angle. Mesonotum ( Figs 40 , 56 ) 1.7 X longer than pronotum and vertex combined; lateral carinae slightly sinuous, inner sides of them with fine short striations, median carina vanishing on posteromedian area.

Wings. Forewing ( Figs 42 , 56, 60 ) 3 X longer than wide; fork Sc+ RP distad of fork CuA1+CuA2, fork PCu+A1 distad of center of clavus.

Legs. Hind tibia with 4 lateral spines; chaetotaxy of hind tarsi: 8/9, 2nd hind tarsus with 4 platellae.

Abdomen. Pygofer ( Figs 43, 44 ) with outer margin slightly sinuous in ventral view, widening from base to apex; in lateral view, lateral lobes trapezoidally convex caudally, outer margin with setae. Medioventral process ( Figs 43, 44 ) 3 X wider than long in ventral view, reaching to 1/3 of length of lateral lobes; thumb-like in lateral view. Anal segment ( Figs 43, 45, 46 ), in lateral view, both dorsal and ventral margins slightly sinuous; in caudad view, dorsal margin archedly convex, ventral margin subtriangularly convex; 2.2 X longer than wide in dorsal view; loosely connected with pygofer, movable. Anal style ( Figs 43, 45 ) relatively long; abdominal segment XI relatively small, covering base of anal style. Genital styles ( Figs 43, 44, 47 ), in ventral view, apical part of inner margin nearly triangularly inflated, touching each other, outer margin sinuous; in lateral view, base of dorsal margin slightly sinuous, base of ventral margin archedly concave, apical portion inflated into balloon-shape; closely connected with connective, unmovable. Aedeagus ( Figs 49–52 ) with total of eight spines; four spines on right side: the latter one short and small, slightly curving caudally, directed d orsocaudad, the upper one of the former three spines curving upward, directed dorsocephalad, the middle one of the former three spines nearly straight, directed dorsocephalad, the lower one of the former three spines slightly curving downward, directed ventrocephalad; three spines on left side: the anterior one relatively broad and large, finely curving upward, apex pointed, directed dorsocephalad, the posterior two spines joined at base, the upper one awl-shaped, directed dorsad, the lower one moderately long, apical half slightly curving upward, directed cephalad. Flagellum with one short spine on dorsal margin, apex pointed, directed dorsocephalad. Connective ( Fig. 48 ) broad and large; aedeagal shaft 1.1 X wider than width of connective plus ventral arm.

Type material. Holotype: 3, CHINA: Tongbiguan, Yijiang County, Yunnan Province, 3 June 2011, J.-K. Long.

Distribution. Southwest China ( Yunan).

Remarks. This new species is similar to M. giganteus , the main differences are as follows: (1) forewing of this new species with fewer dark markings; (2) the spines on the left side of the aedeagus differ from the latter in size, direction and position; (3) the longest spine on right side of aedeagus about 2 X longer than the shortest one, not crossing dorsal margin of aedeagus to left; (4) flagellum of this new species with one short spine on the dorsal margin.

Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin words “ unispinus ”, which refers to flagellum with one spine.

Figures

FIGURES 40 – 52. Macrocixius unispinus sp. nov. (40) Head and thorax, dorsal view; (41) Face, ventral view; (42) Forewing; (43) Male genitalia, lateral view; (44) Pygofer and genital styles, ventral view; (45) Anal segment, dorsal view; (46) Anal segment, caudal view; (47) Right genital styles, ventral view; (48) Connective, dorsocephalad view; (49) Aedeagus, right side; (50) Aedeagus, left side; (51) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (52) Aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 53 – 64. Adult of Macrocixius species. 53, 57, 61. M. giganteus. (53) Habitus, dorsal view; (57) Habitus, lateral view; (61) Face, ventral view. 54, 58, 62. M. grossus. (54) Habitus, dorsal view; (58) Habitus, lateral view; (62) Face, ventral view. 55, 59, 63. M. rarimaculatus. (55) Habitus, dorsal view; (59) Habitus, lateral view; (63) Face, ventral view. 56, 60, 64. M. unispinus. (56) Habitus, dorsal view; (60) Habitus, lateral view; (64) Face, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.