Coelorinchus kishinouyei Jordan & Snyder, 1900

Nakayama, Naohide, 2020, Grenadiers (Teleostei: Gadiformes: Macrouridae) of Japan and adjacent waters, a taxonomic monograph, Megataxa 3 (1), pp. 1-383 : 91-93

Coelorinchus kishinouyei Jordan & Snyder, 1900 [Japanese name: Mugura-hige]

( Figs. 57 C–D, 60–61; Appendix 3-3D)

Coelorhynchus kishinouyei Jordan & Snyder, 1900:376 , pl. XX (original description; holotype: USNM 49395, from Misaki); Jordan & Snyder 1901:120 (listed; Japan); Jordan & Gilbert in Jordan & Starks 1904:618, unnumbered fig. [after Jordan & Snyder (1900)]; Jordan et al. 1913:420, fig. 390 (listed; Japan; new Japanese name: “Mugura-hige”); Gilbert & Hubbs 1916:170 (supplementary description; 7 spec. from Suruga Bay); Izuka & Matsuura 1920:103 [spec. from “Bōshiu” (= Chiba Pref.)]; Kamohara 1931b:544 (listed; Kochi); Kamohara 1934a:54 (listed; Kochi); Okada & Matsubara 1938:450, pl. 110, fig. 2 (in key; Japan); Kamohara 1938:73 (spec. from Kochi Pref.); Kamohara 1950:277 (listed; Kochi and Wakayama Pref.); Matsubara et al. 1951:42 (listed; Mie Pref.); Kuroda 1951:391 (listed; Suruga Bay); Uchinomi 1951:76 (listed; southern part of Kii Peninsula); Kamohara 1952:99 (spec. from Kochi Pref.); Kuroda 1952:176, fig. 9 (brief description; 8 spec. from Suruga Bay); Matsubara 1955:1310 (in key; Japan); Kamohara 1958:73 (listed; Kochi Pref.); Okada et al. 1959:83 (listed; Kumano-nada); Kamohara 1964:95 (listed; Kochi Pref.); Matsubara 1965:505 (compiled; Japan); Okamura 1970a:172, pl. XXXVII, text-fig. 71 (description; biological notes; 92 spec. from Pacific off southern Japan from Kominato to Mimase); Tominaga & Uyeno 1981:488 (listed; Japan); Ohta 1983: table A (listed; Suruga Bay); Akazaki 1984:265 (listed; Aoshima, Miyazaki Pref.).

Coelorhynchus (Paramacrurus) kishinouyei : Okamura 1970b: table 1 (listed; Japan).

Coelorinchus kishinouyei : Okamura 1984b:96, pl. 83, fig. A (compiled); Okamura 1988:96, pl. 83, fig. A (compiled); Iwamoto 1990:167, fig. 386 (synopsis); Suzuki & Kataoka 1997:83, pl. 33, fig. 181 (brief description; 1 spec. from off Kii Peninsula); Shao et al. 2008b: table 2 (15 spec. listed from northeastern and southwestern Taiwan, and South China Sea); Fukui et al. 2010:171, figs. 1–2 (descriptions of early life stages; Suruga Bay); Nakabo & Kai 2013:508 (in key; Japan); Ikeda & Nakabo 2015:321, pl. 66, fig. 12 (brief description; 1 spec. from Shingu, Wakayama Pref.); Iwamoto et al. 2015:59 (brief description; 55 spec. from northeastern and southwestern Taiwan); Miyazaki et al. 2019: fig. 3C, table1 (1 spec. listed from Tokyo Submarine Canyon); Motomura 2020:38 (listed; Japan).

Caelorinchus kishinouyei : Nakabo 1993:368 (in key; Japan); Shao 1993:169, fig. 37-9 (compiled; Taiwan); Shinohara & Matsuura 1997:291 (listed; Suruga Bay); Nakabo 2000:432 (in key; Japan); Shinohara et al. 2001:305 (listed; Tosa Bay); Nakabo 2002:432 (in key; Japan); Nakajima 2003:54 (brief description; 1 spec. from Enshu-nada); Senou et al. 2006:420 (listed; Sagami Sea).

[?] Caelorinchus matsubarai (not Okamura 1982): Shao 1993:170 (compiled; Taiwan).

Caelorinchus (Paramacrurus) kishnouyei [sic]: Chiou et al. 2004a: table 1 (listed; Taiwan).

Diagnosis. Light organ moderately long, externally represented by narrow black streak immediately anterior to anus (covered with scales), its anterior margin situated on (or very slightly anterior to) line connecting outer pelvicfin bases. Underside almost completely naked; dorsal surface of snout posterior to lateral nasal ridges usually heavily scaled. Snout moderately long, length 50–66% PRL, its dorsal profile concave in lateral view; terminal scute small but broad, dorsoventrally flattened; lateral nasal ridge completely supported by nasal bone, broadly convex in dorsal view. Length of chin barbel 7–13% PRL. Anus separated from anal-fin origin by several scale rows. Premaxillary teeth small, conical, arranged in short, uniformly wide band, none especially enlarged; posterior margin of tooth band falling far short of lateral corner of mouth. Body scales covered with short, greatly reclined, needle-like spinules in tightly packed parallel rows; spinules in each row greatly overlapping, but free from one another; buttresses absent. Body silvery white but darker dorsally; prominent large dark blotch between lateral line and pectoral-fin base; lips and oral cavity whitish; gular and branchiostegal membranes uniformly dull black; anal fin dark especially along anteroventral margin.

Material examined. 24 specimens. Holotype of Coelorhynchus kishinouyei: USNM 49395 (68.5 mm HL, 350+ mm TL), Misaki, Kanagawa Pref., Sagami Bay, Japan, coll. K. Okita, date unknown. Non-types: Japan: BSKU 840 (1, 49.9 mm HL, 256 mm TL), BSKU 842 (1, 43.3 mm HL, 226 mm TL), Mimase fish market, coll. T. Kamohara, 11 Dec. 1950 ; BSKU 74207 (1, 49.4 mm HL, 246+ mm TL), BSKU 74208 (1, 51.6 mm HL, 281 mm TL), BSKU 74209 (1, 48.7 mm HL, 244+ mm TL), BSKU 74210 (1, 46.8 mm HL, 219+ mm TL), off Numazu, Suruga Bay, bottom trawl, coll. E. Izuka, 16 Jan. 2005 ; FAKU 28365 (1, 61.3 mm HL, 311+ mm TL), Miya fish market, Enshu-nada, bottom trawl, coll. O. Okamura, 5–7 Feb. 1959 ; FAKU M7512 (1, 59.2 mm HL, 320 mm TL), Owase fish market, Kumano-nada , bottom trawl, coll. K. Matsubara, 4–9 Jan. 1936 ; * BSKU 110139 (1, 38.5 mm HL, 205 mm TL), Suruga Bay , 34.7651ºN, 138.4880ºE, 200–450 m, F/ V Hinode-maru, sta. 4, bottom trawl, coll. N. Nakayama and R. Misawa, 23 Apr. 2013 ; KPM-NI 10133 (1, 57.0 mm HL, 300+ mm TL), southwest of Boso Peninsula , Uraga Channel , Sagami Bay , 120–220 m, gill net, 25 Mar. 1998 ; FAKU 34242 (1, 55.3 mm HL, 265+ mm TL), FAKU 34243 (1, 59.7 mm HL, 309 mm TL), off Kurihama ,?Tokyo Bay , bottom trawl, coll. O. Okamura, Apr. 1969 ; KPM-NI 10131 (1, 61.8 mm HL, 330+ mm TL), east of Izu Peninsula , Sagami Bay , 60–80 m, gill net, 30 Mar. 1998. Taiwan: ASIZP 65991 (1, 68.5 mm HL, 318+ mm TL), Da-xi fish market, Yilan, bottom trawl, coll. P.-F. Lee, 7 Mar. 2005 ; BSKU 99867 (1, 57.1 mm HL, 298+ mm TL), BSKU 99869 (1, 50.5 mm HL, 230+ mm TL), Da-xi fish market, Yilan, coll. M.-Y. Lee, 30 Jun. 2009 ; KAUM-I. 44657 (1, 43.8 mm HL, 194+ mm TL), KAUM-I. 44658 (1, 50.2 mm HL, 200+ mm TL), KAUM-I. 44659 (1, 47.8 mm HL, 206+ mm TL), off Kaohsiung, 400 m, trawl, coll. M. Matsunuma and H.-C. Ho, 1 Jul. 2011 ; BSKU 98956 (1, 56.2 mm HL, 237+ mm TL), BSKU 98958 (1, 47.6 mm HL, 237 mm TL), BSKU 98959 (1, 44.7 mm HL, 217+ mm TL), BSKU 98960 (1, 51.9 mm HL, 252+ mm TL), Dong-gang fish market, Pingtung, bottom trawl, coll. H.-C. Ho, 16 Nov. 2007.

Counts and measurements. Based on 23 specimens (43.3–68.5 mm HL, 194+–350+ mm TL). Counts: first dorsal-fin rays II,8–10; pectoral-fin rays i14–i19; pelvicfin rays 7; gill rakers on first arch (outer/inner) 0/8–10, on second arch 6–8/7–9; longitudinal scales27–35; transverse scale rows below first dorsal-fin origin 5–7, below first dorsal-fin midbase 3–5.5, below second dorsal-fin origin 4–5.5, above anal-fin origin 14–19.

The following measurements are in % of HL, followed by those in % of PRL in parentheses: snout length 34–42 (50–66); orbit diameter 32–39 (50–57); postorbital length 28–34 (45–54); postrostral length 62– 68; orbit–preopercle distance 36–43 (55–64); suborbital width 13–15 (20–23); upper-jaw length 24–28 (36–44); length of rictus 18–23 (26–34); length of premaxillary tooth band 10–14 (15–22); preoral length 30–37 (44– 59); length of terminal snout scute 3–6 (5–10); length of lateral nasal ridge 24–30 (35–49); length of suborbital ridge 94–102 (138–165); snout width 29–34 (43–54); internasal width 18–21 (26–33); interorbital width 19–23 (27–35); occipital width 9–11 (13–17); body width over pectoral-fin bases 40–51 (61–78); body depth at first dorsal-fin origin 60–76 (95–118); body depth at anal-fin origin 50–74 (78–117); prepelvic length 106–122 (156– 189); preanus length 125–150 (191–235); preanal length 137–167 (207–262); isthmus–pelvic distance 31–43 (46– 64); isthmus–anus distance 47–62 (75–95); isthmus–anal distance 55–84 (88–132); pelvic–anal distance 31–52 (49–81); anus–anal distance 8–20 (13–32); pelvic-fin length 41–50 (61–74); pectoral-fin length 55–72 (87– 107); predorsal length 110–122 (166–187); height of first dorsal fin 66–77 (101–117); length of first dorsal-fin base 20–28 (32–41); interdorsal length 29–46 (47–72); length of gill slit 9–13 (15–20); length of posterior nostril 8–12 (12–18); barbel length 5–9 (7–13).

Size. To 36 cm TL ( Okamura 1970a).

Distribution. Restricted to Japan and Taiwan. Known from off the Pacific coasts of southern Japan from Kochi to Chiba Pref., and the East and South China Seas off Taiwan (Appendix 3-3D). The species has a disjunct distribution between central Japan and Taiwan, and is absent from most of the East China Sea. Depth range of Japanese specimens 60– 458 m. Common in Suruga Bay and Taiwan, but rare in other parts of its range.

Remarks. Coelorinchus kishinouyei was described by Jordan & Snyder (1900) based on a single specimen collected from Misaki, Kanagawa Pref. Japan ( Fig. 61 ; probably originally from Sagami Bay). The reader can refer to the original description ( Jordan & Snyder 1900) and Okamura (1970a) for further morphological details. As noted by Iwamoto et al. (2015), the species has a disjunct distribution between Japan and Taiwan, and is absent from the Okinawa Trough in the East China Sea. It is abundant in Taiwan and the Pacific off southern Japan east of Cape Shionomisaki (135.75ºE), but seemingly rare between these two areas. So far as I know, only three specimens of this species have been collected in Tosa Bay despite thorough collecting effort by previous researchers.

Coelorinchus kishinouyei falls in the C. argus group and is most similar to C. jordani Smith & Pope, 1906. The two species are fully compared in the Comparisons section of the latter species.

Figures

FIGURE 57. Scanning electron micrographs showing body scales (from the dorsum below the interdorsal space) of two species of the Coelorinchus argus group. (A–B) C. jordani, BSKU 101167, 56.2 mm HL; (C–D) C. kishinouyei, BSKU 111224, 55.0 mm HL. (A, C) Views from above; (B, D) oblique views. [Photos: NSMT]

FIGURE 61. Holotype of Coelorhynchus kishinouyei (= Coelorinchus kishinouyei). USNM 49395, 68.5 mm HL, 350+ mm TL, Sagami Bay, Pacific. (A) Lateral view; (B) dorsal and (C) ventral views of the head and trunk. Preserved condition. [Photos: N. Nakayama]