Neotrogaspidia pustulata ( Smith, 1873 )

Okayasu, Juriya, 2020, Velvet ants of the tribe Smicromyrmini Bischoff (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) of Japan, Zootaxa 4723 (1), pp. 1-110 : 95-98

Neotrogaspidia pustulata ( Smith, 1873)

( Figs 48–49 )

Mutilla pustulata Smith, 1873: 182 , ♂, holotype ♂ (“Hiogo” [Hyôgo ẍoi], Honshû, Japan) lost ( Mickel 1935). See Chen (1957) and Lelej (2005) for further synonymies.

Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu, 1934 , syn. nov.: 65, ♀, holotype ♀ (“Anbô-Funayuki” [ẎƦ–ẘứ], Yakushima Island, Japan) [ELKU], examined; Tsuneki 1972a: 20, 25, ♀; Yoshida 1989: 651.

Sinotilla yakushimensis: Yamane 1999: 379 , ♀; Lelej 2005: 56; Terayama 2005: 8, 16, ♀; Terayama et al. 2011: 13, 21, ♀; Lo Cascio 2015: 557; Terayama et al. 2016: 168, ♀; Okayasu 2017: 162 , ♀; Okayasu et al. 2018: 304, ♀.

Type material examined. Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu : holotype, ♀ ( Figs 48 A–B, 49A–B, E, H), Anbô-Funayuki, Yakushima Island, Ôsumi Islands, Japan, 7.VIII.1929, Hiroshi Hori leg. [ ELKU].

Other materials examined. 96♂ 102♀. Japan : 96♂ 101♀: [Honshû, Saitama] 1♀, Kamiôyashiki, Kawajimamachi , 20.VII.1998, K. Toyoda leg. [ TUA] ; 1♀, Suwanoiri, Shiga, Ranzan-machi , 60 m alt., 5.VII.2002, K. Toyoda leg. [ TUA]. [Honshû, Kanagawa] 1♂, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atsugi-shi , 5.IX.2001, T. Ishizaki leg. [ TUA] ; 1♂, Sagami-gawa River, Ebina-shi , 28.IX.2006, M. Ôishi & R. Watanabe leg., YPT [ TUA]. [Honshû, Aichi] 1♀, Mt. Hongu-san , 1.VI.1956, M. Sato leg. [ EUM]. [Honshû, Nagano] 1♀ ( Figs 48 C–D, 49C–D, F), Mt. Ontake , 19.VII.1998, S. Maru leg. [ EUM]. [Honshû, Nara] 1♂, Tenri , 17.VIII.1957, I. Miyagi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 19.VIII.1958, I. Miyagi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 1♀, same place, 24.VII.1959, I. Miyagi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Mt. Kasuga-yama, Zoushi-chô, Nara-shi , 22.VIII.2003, T. Tsuru leg. [ TUA] ; 1♀, same place, 25.VIII.2003, T. Tsuru leg. [ TUA]. [Honshû, Hiroshima] 1♂, 10.IX.1955, T. Ishihara leg. [ EUM]. [Honshû, Shimane] 1♀, Kawakudari, Iwami , 9.VIII.1951, S. Ueda leg. [ EUM]. [Shikoku, Kagawa] 1♀, Sakamoto Vil. , 19.VIII.1947, T. Kobayashi leg. [ EUM]. [Shikoku, Tokushima] 1♂, Yoshida, Kaiyô-chô, Kaifu-gun , 24.VIII.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♀, Nishi-aoki-danchi, Otoze, Aizumi, Itano , 29.IV.1998, M. Nishikawa leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Kawata-kitajima, Yamakawachô , 23–26.VIII.1999, T. Doi & K. Aita leg. [ EUM]. [Shikoku, Ehime] 2♀, Kumanodai, Matsuyama , 13.V.1947, M. Miyatake leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Tarumi, Matsuyama , 31.VII.1947, T. Kobayashi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 16.IV.1950, M. Miyatake leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Sugitate , 12.IX.1951, T. Ishihara leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Hoshino-oka , nr. Mat- suyama, 2.VII.1953, M. Miyatake leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Higashino, Matsuyama , 11.IX.1953, S. Ueda leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Jyôjusha, Mt. Ishizuchi-san , 29.VII.1955, S. Ueda leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Matsuyama , 17.V.1953, F. Takechi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 4.VII.1953, F. Takechi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 17.VII.1953, F. Takechi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 30.IV.1954, F. Takechi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 24.V.1955, F. Takechi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 30.VII.1957, M. Miyatake leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Mt. Takanawa-san , 11.VIII.1959, F. Takechi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Neck of Yura Pen, Uchiumi-mura , 3.XI.1995, H. Ono leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Oda-chô , 20.VI.1996, E. Yamamoto leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 7.VI.1997, E. Yamamoto leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Matsugahana, Ôzu-shi , 21.IX.1996, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Kawauchi-jinjya, Sugesawa-machi, Matsuyama-shi , 9.V.2006, K. Takasuka leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Asakura, Handa, Kanada-chô , Shikokutyûô-shi , 24.V.2006, T. Kurihara leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Okufujikawa, Kihoku-chô , 6.IX.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Takanoko, Shirokawa-chô, Seiyo-shi , 27.V.2016, H. Ikeda leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Takanokomachi, Matsuyama-shi , 8.X.2016, K. Yasuda leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Kômo-misaki, Ainan-chô, Minamiuwa-gun , 21.IX.2017, Y. Hisasue leg. [ EUM]. [Shikoku, Kôchi] 2♂, Nakamura , 12.VIII.1955, S. Hisamatsu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Ashizuri, Tosashimizu-shi , 24.VII.1960, N. Ohbayashi leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Kubokawa, Shimanto-shi , 4.VII.1965, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 15.V.1968, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Asakura, Kôchi-shi , 13.XI.1983, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Sakiyama, Muroto-shi , 18.IX.1988, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 13.VIII.1995, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 3♀, same place, 5.V.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 19.X.2003, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Ikumi, Tôyô-chô , 9.X.1990, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 28.IV.1991, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Mt. Kotohira-san, Nangoku-shi , 12.VIII.1991, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 1♀, Ashizuri-misaki, Tosashimizu-shi , 18.IX.1994, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Ôchi, Ino-chô, Agawa-gun , 31.V.1995, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Higashiyama-shinrin-kôen, Aki-shi , 20.VIII.1995, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, Sakihama, Muroto-shi , 23.VIII.1995, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 3.IX.1995, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂ 1♀, same place, 15.IX.1995, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 6.V.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Hirai-san, Akaoka-chô, Kônan-shi , 21.IX.1995, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Hitsuzan, Kôchi-shi , 25.V.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 24.IV.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, same place, 14.VII.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 8.X.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 1.VI.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 8.VIII.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 14.VIII.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 19.VII.2000, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 29.VIII.2005, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 31.V.2006, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♀, same place, 4.VI.2006, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, Mihara-mura, Hata-gun , 1.IX.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Ega- wasaki, Shimanto-shi , 8.IX.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 15.IX.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 11.V.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 12.V.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 3.VIII.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 13.IX.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 15.IX.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, Hata, Mishima, Shimanto-chô , 22.IX.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 18.V.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 3♂, Nyûta, Shimanto-shi , 10.X.1996, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Kashiki, Ino-chô , 29.VII.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Kagechi, Hidaka-mura, Takaoka-gun , 28.VIII.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Mishima, Shimanto-chô , 28.IX.1997, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 9.VIII.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 13.IX.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 4.X.1998, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 8.X.2001, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♀ ( Fig. 49G ), same place, 19.V.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 4.VIII.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 3♂, same place, 11.VIII.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, same place, 16.IX.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 14.IX.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 19.IX.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, same place, 25.IX.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 27.IX.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 25.VIII.2005, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, same place, 14.IX.2006, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 30.IX.2006, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 2♀, Tsuga, Shimanto-chô , 19.IX.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Hisaeda, Nangoku-shi , 25.V.1997, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 3♂, Kawanobori, Shimantoshi , 15.IX.1999, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 2.X.1999, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 9.VI.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 29.IX.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Tosayamada, Kami-shi , 20.IX.2000, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Matsuo, Tosashimizu-shi , 23.XI.2000, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Inabu, Nangoku-shi , 22.VIII.2001, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 28.V.2002, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 3.VII.2002, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Kaida, Hisaeda, Nangoku-shi , 8.IX.2001, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Moriyama, Niyodogawa-chô, Agawa-gun , 21.V.2002, T. Beppu leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Takeshima , Na- kamura-shi, 29.IX.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, same place, 6.X.2002, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Ôhama, Tosashimizu-shi , 5.X.2003, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Tôhama, Yasuda-chô , 5.VI.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Nakanohama, Tosashimizu-shi , 2.X.2004, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Irugi, Sakihama-chô, Muroto-shi , 19.IX.2005, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 1♀, Shimonokae, Tosashimizu-shi , 2.X.2005, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 8.VII.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Hageyama, Tosa-shi , 21.X.2005, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 22.IX.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Suzu, Kuroshio-chô , 30.X.2005, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Kashio-yama, Kôda, Kôchi-shi , 4.VII.2006, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 6.VIII.2006, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 1♀, same place, 24.VII.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Sa- saba, Nakatosa-chô , 16.VII.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, same place, 18.VII.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 19.VII.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, same place, 23.VII.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 24.VII.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, same place, 12.VII.2009, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 1♀, same place, 27.VII.2009, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂ 1♀, same place, 30.VII.2009, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Kurose, Ochi-chô, Takaoka-gun , 21.IX.2007, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 2♂, Ioki, Nakagô, Aki-shi , 8.IX.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Mitsu, Muroto-shi , 17.VII.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Kuromi, Hane-chô, Muroto-shi , 17.VIII.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM] ; 1♂, Okitsu, Shimanto-chô , 25.IX.2008, Y. Kawakami leg. [ EUM]. [Kyûshû, Ôita] 1♀, Hiji, Hayami-gun , 3.IX.2002, Y. Mimura leg. [ TUA] ; 1♀, Udo, Takeda-shi , 6.V.2018, D. Tsuneishi leg. [ EUM]. [Tsushima] 2♂, Atsusaki, Tsushima Island , 30.VII.2001, R. Ômuta leg. [ TUA]. [Gotô Islands] 1♀, Takasaki, Fukue-jima , 19.V.1997, K. Karasuyama leg. [ TUA]. [Izu Islands] 1♀, Mt. Kandô-san, Hachijô-jima Island , 28.V.1980, N. Toda leg. [ EUM]. [Ogasawara Islands] 1♂, Chichi-jima Island , II–V.1918, A. Nohira leg. [ OMNH] ; 2♂, Chichi-jima Island , A. Nohira leg. [ OMNH]. [Ôsumi Islands] 4♀, Nagata-rindô, Nagata, Yakushima Island , 9.V.2001, H. Ôshima leg. [ TUA]. [Tokara Islands] 2♀, Ta- kara-jima Island , 17.VII.1964, M. Nishikawa leg. [ ELKU] ; 1♀, same place, 2.VII.2004, J. Yamasako leg. [ EUM] ; 1♀, Mt. Nanatsuyama, Nakano-shima Island , 5.VI.2004, J. Kanto leg. [ TUA]. [Amami Island] 1♂ ( Figs 48 E–F), Shinmura, Amami-ôshima Island , 18.VII.1954, T. Edashige leg. [ EUM]. [Yaeyama Islands] 1♀, Omoto, Ishigakijima Island , 7.IV.1997, T. Ishikawa leg. [ TUA] ; 1♀, Ôtake, Ishigaki-jima Island , 2.VI.2001, T. Tsuru leg. [ TUA] ; 1♀, Aira-gawa, Iriomote-jima Island , 23.VI.2011, J. Kobayashi leg. [ ELKU] ; 1♂, Haimida, Iriomote-jima Island , 11.IV.2013, Y. Hikosaka leg. [ TUA] ; 1♀, Nakamagawa-trail, Iriomote-jima Island , 21.III.2016, T. Itô leg. [ EUM] . South Korea: 1♀, Jangpyung-Ri, Sinhyun-Up, Koje, Kyungan , 30.VII.2001, H. Ôshima leg. [ TUA] .

Distribution. Japan: Honshû, Shikoku, Kyûshû, Tsushima Island, Ôsumi Islands (Tanegashima Island, Takeshima Island, Iô-jima Island, Kuchinoerabu-jima Island, Yakushima Island), Tokara Island (Kuchino-shima Island, Nakano-shima Island, Takara-jima Island), Amami Islands (Amami-ôshima Island), Miyako Islands (Miyako-jima Island), Yaeyama Islands (Ishigaki-jima Island, Iriomote-jima Island), Izu Islands (Hachijô-jima Island), Ogasawara Island (Chichi-jima Island) ( Ikudome & Yamane 2009; Terayama et al. 2011, 2016). South Korea. China ( Lelej 2005). Taiwan ( Lelej 2005).

Occurrence in Japan. March–November.

Remarks. The holotype of Smicromyrme yakushimensis has diagnostic characters of Neotrogaspidia listed above except that the setae are badly worn out and hardly recognizable. Direct comparison of this species with females of N. pustulata revealed that they are synonymous. The pygidial area of the holotype of Sm. yakushimensis is almost smooth as described by Yasumatsu (1934) ( Fig. 49E ), but this trait has also been observed in small individuals of N. pustulata ( Fig. 49G ).

Lelej (1996a) described the genitalic volsella of Neotrogaspidia as lacking a paracuspis. This feature was also included in the key to Oriental genera of Trogaspidiini by Lelej (2005) to separate Protrogaspidia Lelej, 1996 , Nonveilleridia Lelej, 1996 and Neotrogaspidia from Eotrogaspidia and Trogaspidia Ashmead, 1899 at couplet 7. Males collected in Japan, however, have a distinct tuberculate paracuspis ( Fig. 48F ). This character is therefore excluded from the key above. The definition of Neotrogaspidia , together with the genus placements of N. hammeri ( Suárez, 1959) and N. haemarrhoa ( Zavattari, 1914) , should be revised.

Figures

FIGURE 48. Neotrogaspidia pustulata, ♂♀. A–B. Holotype, Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu, ♀; C–D. ♀, Nagano; E–F. ♂, Amami-ôshima Island; A, C. habitus, dorsal view; B, D, E. habitus, lateral view; F. male genitalia, inner view.

FIGURE 49. Neotrogaspidia pustulata, ♀. A–B, E, H. Holotype, Smicromyrme yakushimensis Yasumatsu, ♀; C–D, F. ♀, Na- gano; G. ♀, Kôchi; A, C. mesosoma, dorsal view; B, D. metasoma, dorsal view; E–G. pygidial area; H. procoxa.