Lissothuria caboblanquensis Arriaga-Ochoa & Alvarado
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3802.1.12 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18B0E462-4044-4181-801B-F6EE04508EC6 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6124036 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/B9278783-FFEF-4829-5ECC-FF50FC67A681 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Lissothuria caboblanquensis Arriaga-Ochoa & Alvarado |
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Lissothuria caboblanquensis Arriaga-Ochoa & Alvarado View in CoL
Figures 1–4 View FIGURE 1. A View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3. A View FIGURE 4
Material examined. Holotype ICML-UNAM 10165, 15 mm total length (TL), August 3rd, 2012, Collected in La Colindancia, Cabo Blanco, Costa Rica, Pacific Ocean (9°34.763’N, 85°8.816’W), 17 m depth by J. Nivia; Paratypes ICML-UNAM 10166, 2 specimens, total length 10 mm each, same data as the holotype; MZUCR-783, six specimens, from 6.4 up to 13 mm TL, same data as the holotype.
Type locality. La Colindancia, Cabo Blanco, Costa Rica, Pacific Ocean (9°34.763’N, 85°8.816’W).
Diagnosis. Dorsal scale covering completely, with 12 to 13 scales between the mouth and anus, 10 narrow valves surrounding the oral shield; the anus is surrounded by a varying number of rounded small valves. Ten short tentacles, the two most ventral are smaller. Sole elongated, fringed by three rows of closely crowded tube feet, which form a continuous margin, midventral radius with a double row of tube feet throughout. Ossicles of dorsal surface are knobbed baskets, towers complex with spiny apex, and hourglasses well developed. Ossicles of sole are perforated plates, which are smooth or knobbed; baskets with knobbed margin. Tentacles with irregular, perforated, flattened rods and few rosettes.
Description of holotype. 17 mm total length (TL) and 5 mm high at the central part of the body (15 mm sole length, 5 mm wide). Elongated body; well calcified test. Mouth and anus slightly elevated ( Fig. 1A View FIGURE 1. A ). Tentacles contracted. Dorsal surface with thick imbricating scales approximately 900 µm in diameter; 13 scales between oral and anal openings, the marginal scales are smaller ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3. A , B–D, E). Scales perforated for passage of tube feet ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1. A B); 10 narrow valves surrounding the oral opening; anal valves are small and rounded varying in number ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3. A E). Dorsal tube feet distributed in all dorsal surface, those located in the ambulacra are numerous and conspicuous. Sole elongated, fringed by three rows of closely crowded tube feet, which form a continuous margin, midventral radius with a double row of tube feet throughout ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3. A C). Ten dendritic tentacles, the two ventral most are smaller than the rest. Calcareous ring simple, low, radial and interradial plates about the same size and slightly calcified. Color in alcohol white to pale cream, tentacles white. Well-developed gonads. Ossicles of dorsal surface (apart from scales) are towers with spiny apex, some of them tend to be more or less geometric although most are asymmetric or irregular, the base may be smooth or irregular, the base measures between 80 and 120 µm in diameter, the height can be up to 130 µm ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1. A D). Small baskets are 40 to 60 µm in diameter, the base and the edge of which are usually knobbed ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1. A E); elaborated hourglass shaped ossicles, these may be lower than 70 µm in diameter by 40 µm high, or may have the same ratio in diameter and height (90 µm or more) ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1. A C). There are also perforated plates; end plates appear to be vestigial in the dorsal tube feet ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1. A F).
Sole ossicles are perforated plates in various shapes with smooth or knobbed margin, they reach up to 150 µm in length ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 A–B), and there are also small shallow baskets 40 to 60 µm in diameter, with knobbed edges and sometimes small knobs in the center ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 C). Tentacles generally with flat and perforated rods, most times wider in the center than at the end portions or irregular lengths up to 200 µm; there are also elaborate small rosettes 10 to 20 µm wide ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 D–F).
Paratype variations. Specimens slightly smaller than the holotype, 11–13 mm TL and 3 mm high in the central part of the body (8–10 mm sole length, 4 mm wide) ( Figs. 3A View FIGURE 3. A , B, D, E). Elongated body; well calcified test. 12 scales between oral and anal openings. Mouth, anus and internal morphology same as in the holotype. Tentacles contracted. Dorsal scales approximately 800 µm in diameter. Shape and size of the ossicles are the same as in the holotype, except that in the smaller paratype (11 mm TL) ossicles are more abundant.
Etymology. The name refers to the type locality Cabo Blanco, Costa Rica. This is the first protected natural reserve that runs the Costa Rica Conservation Model since its establishment in 1963; we dedicated this species on its 50th anniversary of creation.
Habitat. Inhabits rocky reef with stone blocks, specimens were found attached to rocks at 13 m depth.
Geographical distribution. Only known from its type locality ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.