Pholcus bario Huber

Bernard A. Huber, Joseph K. H. Koh, Amir-Ridhwan M. Ghazali, Kamil A. Braima, Olga M. Nuñeza, Charles Leh Moi Ung & Booppa Petcharad, 2016, New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 200, pp. 1-45 : 31-33

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2016.200

publication LSID

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:404329BA-FD12-4F24-ABB6-0AC78A11DE54

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6074648

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D680CB67-1525-4263-B8D4-8E44E587C51E

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:D680CB67-1525-4263-B8D4-8E44E587C51E

treatment provided by

Jeremy

scientific name

Pholcus bario Huber
status

sp. nov.

Pholcus bario Huber View in CoL sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D680CB67-1525-4263-B8D4-8E44E587C51E

Figs 97–100 View Figs 93 – 100 , 121–124 View Figs 120 – 124 , 128–130 View Figs 125 – 130

Diagnosis

Easily distinguished from most similar known relative ( P. tambunan Huber sp. nov.) by morphology of male palps ( Figs 121–122 View Figs 120 – 124 ; longer trochanter apophysis; more slender femur; distinctive structures on tip of procursus), by different shapes of frontal cheliceral apophyses ( Fig. 120 View Figs 120 – 124 ), and by longer epigynal scape ( Fig. 123 View Figs 120 – 124 ).

Etymology

The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.

Material examined

Holotype

MALAYSIA-BORNEO: ♂, ZFMK ( Ar 15716 ), Sarawak, Bario , forest along river W of town (3.736°N, 115.437– 115.443°E), 1150–1250 m a.s.l., on underside of leaf, 30 Jul. 2014 (B.A. Huber, S.B. Huber) GoogleMaps .

Other material

MALAYSIA-BORNEO: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, ZFMK ( Ar 15717–18 ), same data as holotype GoogleMaps ; 2 ♀♀, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK ( Bor 232 ), same data GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.9, carapace width 0.9. Leg 1: 34.5 (8.1 + 0.4 + 8.2 + 15.5 + 2.3), tibia 2: 5.3, tibia 3: 3.2, tibia 4: 4.7; tibia 1 L/d: 104. Distance PME-PME 370 µm, diameter PME 95 µm, distance PME-ALE ~35 µm; no trace of AME.

COLOR. Carapace whitish with dark median mark widening anteriorly and including ocular area and clypeus in upper part and laterally; sternum whitish; legs pale ochre-yellow with dark brown patellae and tibia-metatarsus joints; abdomen pale ochre-gray with black marks dorsally and laterally, monochromous ventrally.

BODY. Habitus as in Figs 97–99 View Figs 93 – 100 ; ocular area slightly raised, each triad on additional short stalk directed towards lateral ( Fig. 120 View Figs 120 – 124 ); carapace without median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum wider than long (0.64/0.52), unmodified.

CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 120 View Figs 120 – 124 , with distinctive pair of frontal apophyses (large flat curved plates) and small rounded lateral humps; without modified hairs; without stridulatory ridges.

PALPS. As in Figs 121–122 View Figs 120 – 124 ; coxa unmodified; trochanter with strong ventral apophysis; femur cylindrical, with two small retrolateral humps proximally and small ventral hump at half length; procursus with strong ventral ‘knee’, with distinctive small prolateral sclerotized process at 1/3 length (arrow in Fig. 121 View Figs 120 – 124 ), distal half with large whitish area retrolaterally, tip complex with distinctive sclerites; bulb elongated, long appendix with distinctive prolateral process provided with small teeth, further teeth along ventral rim, proximal processes of appendix ‘guiding’ embolus between them; embolus long and weakly sclerotized.

LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 pseudosegments not seen in dissecting microscope.

Male (variation)

Tibia 1 in 2 other males: 7.8, 8.0.

Female

In general similar to male ( Fig. 100 View Figs 93 – 100 ) but carapace mark only in posterior half; ocular area dark as in male but clypeus light. Eye triads closer together than in male (PME-PME distance: 230 µm). Dark marks on abdomen less distinct. Tibia 1 in 2 females: 6.6 (both). Epigynum weakly sclerotized ( Fig. 128 View Figs 125 – 130 ), wide transversal plate with long scape directed towards anterior ( Fig. 123 View Figs 120 – 124 ); dark internal arch and lateral posterior structures visible through cuticle; internal genitalia as in Figs 124 View Figs 120 – 124 , 129, 130 View Figs 125 – 130 , with pair of highly distinctive three-layered telescopic tubes.

Natural history

All specimens were found in one small section of forest along a small river. No further specimens were found in two days of intensive search. They built barely visible webs on the undersides of live leaves, and often shared webs with large numbers of Diptera ( Cecidomyiidae , in ZFMK).

Distribution

Known from type locality in northern Borneo (Sarawak) only ( Fig. 1 View Fig. 1 ).

ZFMK

Germany, Bonn, Zoologische Forschungsinstitut und Museum "Alexander Koenig"

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Arachnida

Order

Araneae

Family

Pholcidae

Genus

Pholcus

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