Copestylum elizabethae, Rotheray & Hancock & Marcos-García, 2007

Rotheray, G. E., Hancock, E. G. & Marcos-García, M. A., 2007, Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) including 22 new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (2), pp. 267-317 : 285

010. COPESTYLUM ELIZABETHAE SP. NOV.

HANCOCK & ROTHERAY

Diagnosis – male holotype: Face yellow with strong, black, medial vitta, and gena from eye margin to mouth dark, not shiny black; face with black hairs, mostly on medial vitta, and yellow elsewhere ( Fig. 10 ); mesonotum black with yellow hairs anteriorly and black posteriorly; broad, yellow, lateral vittae present, about as wide as postalar callus; scutellum yellow and black haired; pleura lightly dusted, yellow except for black katepisternum, meron, anterior part of the anepisternum and anepimeron; wing membrane hyaline with brown costal margin; cell R1 scarcely broadened apically, not petiolate; legs black, marked at base of femorae, otherwise yellow/fuscous and black haired; abdomen – tergite 1 white, tergite 2 with a white anterior band and narrow (0.3 length of tergite) black band, tergites 3 and 4 black, each with a pair of yellow side-spots in basal half; tergites black haired except for hairs on white band of tergites 1 and 2; sternite 1 white with mostly white hairs; sternite 3 and 4 black with a narrow, white, apical band and black haired; genitalia – surstylus more elongate than triangular in outline shape; hypandrium lacking lateral projections; aedeagus without serrated apical margin ( Figs 44, 45, 46 ); female – similar to holotype male except posterior anepisternum completely yellow including hairs; frons dark orange and shiny, lacking dust, and black marked beyond ocellar triangle; width of vertex about 12.5% width of head. Length: body, 7.50–9.50 mm; wing, 7.90–9.50 mm (N = 3).

Diagnosis – larva and puparium: Suckers present on abdominal segments 1–6; marginal band complete, including both thorax and abdomen; first abdominal segment with three pairs of lobes ( Fig. 77 ); anal segment with lappets 2 and 3 incorporated into the marginal band; ventral surface of lobes smooth and shining; anterior spiracles absent; vestiture of anal segment of dome-shaped papillae; posterior breathing tube black above transverse ridge, punctures heavy and obvious above transverse ridge ( Fig. 101 ), three pairs of circular spiracular openings ( Fig. 105 ); pupal spiracles orange at base, black above, openings clustered at apex ( Fig. 109 ).

Material examined – holotype: Male with puparium, Mexico, Veracruz State, Xalapa , Crta. Coatepec, 4 July 1999, ex water tank of bromeliad, GER, EGH & MAM ( HM) .

Material examined – paratypes: Five males and two females with puparia as follows: two males with the same data as holotype ; one male, Northern Range , Hollis Dam, 6 July 1996, ex water tanks of bromeliad, EGH ( HM) ; one male and one female, Trinidad, Northern Range , Hollis Dam, 9 July 1998, ex water tanks of bromeliads, EGH & GER ( NMS) ; one female, Trinidad, Mount Harris , Plum Military Road, 24 July 1998, ex water tanks of bromeliads, EGH & GER ( NMS) ; one male, Trinidad, Northern Range , Cumaca, 28 July 1998, ex water tanks of bromeliads, EGH ( HM) .

Material examined – additional material: Three larvae, Trinidad, Northern Range, Hollis Dam, 9 July 1998, ex water tanks of bromeliads, EGH & GER; one larva, Trinidad, Northern Range , Cumaca, 28 July 1998, ex water tanks of bromeliads, EGH ; three larvae, Trinidad, Mount Harris , Plum Military Road, 24 July 1998, ex water tanks of bromeliads, EGH & GER ( NMS) .

Etymology: The name ‘ elizabethae’ is descriptive of the name of my wife (EGH).

Taxonomic notes: The mesonotum with broad yellow vittae, elongate surstylus, and hypandrium without lateral projections distinguish C. elizabethae from C. barbara , the only other species in this subgroup. The colour pattern of the abdominal tergites are also distinctive among tank group species and are only shared with C. xalapensis , but this species lack a medial vitta on the face. Elizabethae subgroup early stages are distinguished from other tank subgroups by the complete marginal band with lappets incorporated into it. The early stages of C. elizabethae are readily distinguished from C. barbara by the vestiture of the anal segment consisting of domed, not crenate, papillae and the mostly black pupal spiracles.

Biology: Adults were reared from larvae in water tanks of epiphytic bromeliads ( Bromeliaceae ), and are known from Mexico and Trinidad.

Other species from live bromeliads

Figures

Figures 7–10. Adult Copestylum, lateral view of the head; scale line = 3.5 mm. 7. Copestylum carlosii sp. nov., female holotype; 8. Copestylum volcanorum sp. nov., male holotype; 9. Copestylum barbara sp. nov., male holotype; 10. Copestylum elizabethae sp. nov., male holotype.

Figures 41–46. Adult Copestylum, male genitalia; right- and left-hand figures scale line = 0.50 mm, for middle column figures, left-hand scale line = 0.85 mm. 41–43. Copestylum barbara sp. nov., male holotype: 41. genitalia and associated structures, lateral view; 42. hypandrium, ventral view; 43. surstylus, ventral view. 44–46. Copestylum elizabethae sp. nov., male holotype: 44. genitalia and associated structures, lateral view; 45. hypandrium, ventral view; 46. surstylus, ventral view.

Figures 75–81. Third stage larvae of Copestylum. 75. Copestylum oscillans, whole larva, head to the right, ventral view, length = 11 mm. 76. Copestylum carlosii, whole larva, head to the right, ventral view, length = 10 mm. 77. Copestylum elizabethae, whole larva, head to the right, ventral view, length = 11 mm. 78. Copestylum carlosii, sucker from 4th abdominal segment, anterior end to the right, ventral view, width = 1 mm. 79. Copestylum oscillans, marginal lobe from 3rd abdominal segment, dorsal view, width = 0.35 mm. 80. Copestylum carlosii, marginal lobe from 3rd abdominal segment, dorsal view, width = 0.35 mm. 81. Copestylum elizabethae, marginal lobe from 3rd abdominal segment, dorsal view, width = 0.35 mm.

Figures 99–110. Early stages of Copestylum, respiratory structures. 99–102. Posterior breathing tubes of third stage larva, dorso-lateral view, apex to the left; tr, transverse ridge; scale line = 2 mm. 99. Copestylum emeralda; 100. Copestylum otongaensis; 101. Copestylum elizabethae; 102. Copestylum louisae. 103–106. Spiracular plates of posterior breathing tubes of third stage larva, dorsal view; so, spiracular openings; scale line = 0.6 mm. 103. C. emeralda; 104. C. otongaensis; 105. C. elizabethae; 106. C. louisae. 107–110. Pupal spiracles from puparia, posterior view; scale line = 1 mm. 107. C. emeralda; 108. C. otongaensis; 109. C. elizabethae; 110. C. louisae.