Copestylum galantei, Rotheray & Hancock & Marcos-García, 2007

Rotheray, G. E., Hancock, E. G. & Marcos-García, M. A., 2007, Neotropical Copestylum (Diptera, Syrphidae) breeding in bromeliads (Bromeliaceae) including 22 new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 150 (2), pp. 267-317 : 274

001. COPESTYLUM GALANTEI SP. NOV.

MARCOS- GARCÍA & ROTHERAY

Diagnosis – male holotype: face yellow with yellow hairs, lateral vittae lightly marked and not reaching the mouth ( Fig. 1 ); mesonotum mainly yellow with yellow hairs anteriorly and black hairs posteriorly; scutellum yellow with black hairs; pleura yellow with yellow setae; wing membrane hyaline, darker in the costal margin and apically; legs yellow except darkened hind tibiae and tarsi; legs black haired except for yellow haired femoral bases; abdominal tergites 2–4 yellow except for posterior margins, which have black bands either narrowing or interrupted medially; sternites 1 and 2 yellow with yellow hairs; sternites 3 and 4 fuscous with black and yellow hairs; genitalia – surstylus broad and triangular-shaped; hypandrium with triangular lateral projection; aedeagus smooth apically ( Figs 23, 24, 25 ); female – similar to holotype male; width of vertex about 17% width of head. Length: body, 8.75–10.00 mm; wing, 9.16–9.50 mm (N = 6).

Diagnosis – larva and puparium: Suckers on abdominal segments 1–6; marginal band of fleshy lobes coated in long, fine, unbranched setae, present on abdomen only, not including the thorax; ventral surface of lobes on abdominal segments 1–6 coated with fine, matted setae; vestiture on the dorsal surface consisting of soft, fine setae, usually lying flat; posterior breathing tube orange and short, such that the transverse ridge is about halfway along tube; pupal spiracles black with openings clustered at widened apex.

Material examined – holotype: Male with puparium Costa Rica, Alajuela, San Carlos, Fortuna , 30 October 1999, ex water tank of bromeliad ( Bromeliaceae ), collected by J. D. Gutiërrez (INBO0003056063) ( INBio) .

Material examined – paratypes: Four males and one female as follows – two males, one female with puparia, same data as holotype (INBO0003056060, INBO0003056061, INBO0003056062) ( INBio) ; one male with puparium, Costa Rica, Las Heliconias , 29 October 2000, ex water tank of bromeliad, J. D. Gutiërrez ( CIBIO) ; one male with puparium, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa, Est. San Gerardo , 25.vi. 2000, ex water tanks of bromeliad, J. D. Gutiërrez ( NMS) .

Material examined – additional material: one larva, Costa Rica, APC.0012.2, ex water tank of bromeliad ( INBio) ; two larvae, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, Volcán Rincón de la Vieja, 19 August 2001, ex water tank of bromeliad EGH and GER ( NMS) ; two larvae, Costa Rica, DBC-088, ex water tank of bromeliad ( INBio) .

Etymology: The name ‘galantei’ is descriptive of the name of my husband, with whom I have shared many productive hours in the field (MAM).

Taxonomic notes: Although generally a yellow species, variation occurs with dark markings on the face and sides of the thorax in some specimens, and yellow bands of hairs sometimes present on the anterior margins of abdominal tergites 3 and 4. The adult of C. galantei is most similar to Copestylum oscillans and Copestylum tapanti in general body patterning and colouration, and in having relatively broad triangularshaped surstyli in the male genitalia. It can be most readily distinguished from these two species by the yellow hairs at the base of the femorae. Within the larval stages of the oscillans subgroup that have an orange posterior breathing tube, the early stages of C. galantei are readily distinguished by the fine, soft setae of the vestiture on the apico-ventral surfaces of the lobes of the marginal band.

Biology: Adults were reared from larvae in water tanks of epiphytic bromeliads ( Bromeliaceae ), and are known only from Costa Rica.

Figures

Figures 1–6. Adult Copestylum, lateral view of the head; scale line = 3.5 mm. 1. Copestylum galantei sp. nov., male holotype; 2. Copestylum gelenita sp. nov., male holotype; 3. Copestylum oscillans sp. nov., male holotype; 4. Copestylum tacanense sp. nov., male holotype; 5. Copestylum tapanti sp. nov., male holotype; 6. Copestylum xalapensis sp. nov., female holotype.

Figures 23–31. Adult Copestylum, male genitalia; right and left figures scale line = 0.50 mm, for middle column figures, left-hand scale line = 0.85 mm. Abbreviations: a, aedeagus; c, cercus; e, epandrium; h, hypandrium; s, surstylus; sl, superior lobes. 23–25. Copestylum galantei sp. nov., male holotype: 23. genitalia and associated structures, lateral view; 24, hypandrium, ventral view; 25. surstylus, ventral view. 26–28. Copestylum gelenita sp. nov., male holotype: 26. genitalia and associated structures, lateral view; 27, hypandrium, ventral view; 28. surstylus, ventral view. 29–31. Copestylum oscillans sp. nov., male holotype: 29. genitalia and associated structures, lateral view; 30. hypandrium, ventral view; 31. surstylus, ventral view.