Pachybrachis spumarius Suffrian, 1852

Barney, Robert J., LeSage, Laurent & Savard, Karine, 2013, Pachybrachis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) of Eastern Canada, ZooKeys 332, pp. 95-175 : 129-131

Pachybrachis spumarius Suffrian, 1852 Habitus 14 ; Map 14 ; Figures 2b , 5b , 6b , 7d , 8c , 10b, 10c

Pachybrachys spumarius Suffrian, 1852: 179.

Pachybrachis roboris Fall, 1915: 420.

Recognition.

Elytra and pronotum with small yellow spots and diffuse rufous mottled marks; prothoracic puncturation dense, extending to side margins ( Habitus 14 ); ocular lines absent; aedeagus tubular with terminal nodule ( Figure 10b ) or nipple-shaped apex when seen from above ( Figure 10c ); male size small: length 1.91 ± 0.13 mm, width 1.06 ± 0.05 mm.

Distribution.

Eastern species distributed from southern Saskatchewan to Texas to Atlantic Coast ( Riley et al. 2003), and present in southern Ontario and Québec in eastern Canada. The Ottawa Valley and the south of eastern Townships, in Québec, are probably the northernmost distribution limit of Pachybrachis spumarius ( Map 14 ).

Material examined.

ONTARIO: Carleton Co., Britannia, 28.VI.1931, L. J. Milne [1♂ 1♀, UNHC]; same data, except 19.VII.1949, R. de Ruette [1♀, CNC]; Britannia Heights, 16.VII.1958, S. D. Hicks [1♂, CNC]; Constance Bay, 10.VII.1941, W. J. Brown [1♀, CNC]; Carp, 5.VII.1932, W. J. Brown [1♂, CNC]; Essex Co., Ojibway, 24.VI.1945 [1♀, CNC]; Pelee Island, 3.VII.1931, W. J. Brown [1♂ 1♀, CNC]; Roseland, 26.VI.1944, S. D. Hicks [1♀, CNC]; Hasting Co., 2.IX.1934, J. F. Brimley [1♂ 1♀, CNC]; same data, except 25.VII.1954 [1♂, CNC]; Leeds Co., Lindsay Island, Saint Lawrence Island National Park, 15.VII.1976, ex. Betula papyrifera , W. Reid [2♂, CNC]; Mermaid Island, Saint Lawrence Island National Park, 23.VII.1976, W. Reid [1♀, CNC]; Lennox & Addington Co., 16.VII.1939, J. F. Brimley [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 6.IX.1948 [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 10.VII.1949 [3♀, CNC]; Lincoln Co., DeCew Falls, 27.VII.1940, S. D. Hicks [1♀, CNC]; Norfolk Co., Turkey Point Provincial Park, 24.VII.1984, sweeping in mixed forest, L. LeSage [3♂, CNC]; Walsingham, 11.VII.1956, W. J. Brown [6♂ 7♀, CNC]; Walsingham Forest Station, 25.VII.1984, ex. Rhus typhina , L. LeSage [45♂ 47♀, CNC]; Northumberland Co., 2.IX.1950, J.F. Brimley [1♀, CNC]; Prince Edward Co., 10.VII.1935, J. F. Brimley [3♂ 3♀, CNC]; same data, except 21-25.VII.1937 [5♂ 9♀, CNC]; same data, except 3.VII.1938 [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 13.VII.1941 [1♂, CNC]; same data, except 16.VII.1947 [6♂ 2♀, CNC]; same data, except 5-19.VII.1950 [3♂ 3♀, CNC]; same data, except 5.VII.1953 [1♀, CNC]; same data, except 7.VII.1954 [1♂ 1♀, CNC]; Clearwater Bay, 30.VII.1996, sweeping miscellaneous vegetation, B. F & J. L. Carr [2♀, CNC]; Toronto Co., Toronto, 15.VIII.1908, R. J. Crew [1♀, ROM]; Kelly Lake, 26.VII.1933, L. J. Milne [1♂, UNHC]; Victoria Co., Coboconk, 2.VIII.1948, J. F. B. [2♂ 1♀, CNC]; Unknown Co., East Ontario [1♂ 1♀, CNC].

QUÉBEC: Bagot Co., Saint-Pie, 1.VII.1985, ex. Acer rubrum L., Larochelle & Larivière [1♂, CNC]; Châteauguay Co., Ormstown, 12.VII.1977, sweeping sumac, E. J. Kiteley [3♂ 2♀, CNC]; Deux-Montagnes Co., La Trappe, 19-22.VII.1945, J. Ouellet [1♂ 1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 7.VII.1946, [1♀, CEUM]; same data, except 13-15.VII.1949 [2♂ 4♀, CEUM]; same data, except 8-23.VII.1950, ex. Virginia sumac [27♂ 35♀, CEUM]; same data, except 1-8.VIII.1950, ex. Virginia sumac [9♂ 5♀, CEUM]; same data, except 27.VII.1951 [6♂ 7♀, CEUM]; Gatineau Co., Mont-King, Parc de la Gatineau, 19.VII.1981, P. Bélanger [1♂ 2♀, LFC]; Kazabazua, 3.IX.1967, H. J. Teskey [1♀, CNC]; Missisquoi Co., Phillipsburg, 15-19.VII.1969, J. L. Laliberté [1♂ 1♀, IDM]; same data, except 29.VII.1972 [3♂ 4♀, IDM]; same data, except 22.VI.1975 [2♂, IDM]; Pontiac Co., Luskville, 30.VII.1985, ex. Quercus alba L., Larochelle & Larivière [1♀, CNC]; Témiscamingue Co., Laniel, 14.VIII.1932, W.J. Brown [1♀, CNC]; Vaudreuil Co., Hudson Heights, 24-30.VII.1956, Lindberg [1♂ 1♀, CNC]; Rigaud, 26.VII.1902, F. Knab [1♂ 1♀, USNM]; same data, except 25.VII.1939, A. Robert [1♂, CEUM]; same data, except 15.VIII.1972, on sumac, E. J. Kiteley [3♂, CNC]; same data, except 13.VII.1973, sweeping sumac [1♂ 3♀, CNC]; same data, except 22.VII.1974, on sumac [3♂ 2♀, CNC]; same data, except 27.VIII.1977, on sumac [1♂ 1♀, CNC]; same data, except 16.VIII.1984, ex. Rhus typhina L., Larochelle & Larivière [1♀, CNC]; Saint-Lazare, 9.VIII.1982, UV light in a pine plantation, A. Larochelle [1♀, CNC].

Host plants.

Several specimens were recorded as being collected from Rhus typhina L., Virginia sumac, or just sumac ( Anachardiaceae ), which are various names for the same plant. Barney and Hall (2011) reported collecting specimens in abundance on Rhus copallina L. and Rhus glabra L., and observed feeding, mating and oviposition on these species in the laboratory. Larochelle cited Acer rubrum L. ( Aceraceae ) and Quercus alba L. ( Salicaceae ) as potential hosts on his labels. Betula papyrifera Marsh. ( Betulaceae ) was also reported here but cannot be confirmed as a plant association.

Comments.

Pachybrachis spumarius is the second most commonly collected species in eastern Canada and can often be found in large series on Rhus spp. ( Table 1 ).

Figures

Figure 2. Ocular lines: a present, Pachybrachis peccans b small, Pachybrachis hepaticus c absent, Pachybrachis spumarius.

Map 4. The known distribution of Pachybrachis cephalicus in eastern Canada. Carolinian Zone in dark beige.

Figure 5. Tibial spurs: a absent from front leg, Pachybrachis atomarius b minute on front leg, Pachybrachis spumarius c large on front leg, Pachybrachis calcaratus d small and pointed on middle legs in most species.

Figure 6. Pronotum: a reddish, with close-up of marginal bead, Pachybrachis bivittatus b mottled, Pachybrachis spumarius c with black M-mark, Pachybrachis m-nigrum d almost black, Pachybrachis nigricornis carbonarius.

Figure 7. Elytral punctures and coloration: a in rows in deep striae, Pachybrachis luctuosus b confused in basal half, in rows in apical half, Pachybrachis calcaratus c all confused, Pachybrachis hepaticus d confused and mottled, Pachybrachis spumarius e vittate with marginal vitta interrupted, Pachybrachis bivattatus f black, margined with yellow, Pachybrachis nigriconis carbonarius g entirely black, Pachybrachis luridus.

Figure 8. Pygidium: a largely yellow, Pachybrachis bivittatus b with well-defined yellow spots, Pachybrachis cephalicus c with faint reddish spots, Pachybrachis spumarius d black, Pachybrachis atomarius.

Figure 10. Aedeagus: a lateral view, Pachybrachis luctuosus b lateral view, Pachybrachis spumarius c apex, dorsal view, Pachybrachis spumarius.

Habitus 14. Dorsal habitus of Pachybrachis spumarius. Scale bar, 1 mm.

Map 14. The known distribution of Pachybrachis spumarius in eastern Canada. OR - Ottawa River.