Sparganothoides, Lambert and Powell, 1986

Kruse, James J. & Powell, Jerry A., 2009, Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini), Zootaxa 2150 (1), pp. 1-78 : 16-17

Key to males of Sparganothoides

1 Two or three exoskeletal protuberances on head ( Fig. 1 ) ............................................................................................. 2

- Without exoskeletal protuberances on head forewing ................................................................................................ 16

2 Uncus bifid apically ...................................................................................................................................................... 3

- Uncus not bifid apically, but may be otherwise modified............................................................................................. 6

3 Posterior margin of transtilla with median lobe ............................................................................................................ 4

- Posterior margin of transtilla without median lobe....................................................................................................... 5

4 Valva with sclerotized crease; forewing brown .............................................................................................. S. morata

- Valva without sclerotized crease; forewing whitish .................................................................................... S. albescens

5 Scaling on thorax unmodified; two exoskeletal protuberances on head ..................................................... S. prolesana

- Scaling on thorax modified mesally; three exoskeletal protuberances on head ........................................... S. torusana 6 Valva without sclerotized crease ................................................................................................................................... 7

- Valva with sclerotized crease ........................................................................................................................................ 8

7 Three protuberances on head ( Fig.1 ); socius/gnathos arm expanded apically .................................... S. polymitariana

- Two protuberances on head; socius/gnathos arm narrowed apically .......................................................... S. cornutana

8 Socius/gnathos arm narrow apically ......................................................................................................... S. broccusana

- Socius/gnathos arm expanded apically ......................................................................................................................... 9

9 Sclerotized crease of valva not connecting to sacculus .............................................................................................. 10

- Sclerotized crease of valva connecting to sacculus .................................................................................................... 11

10 Sclerotized crease of valva gently curved or nearly straight ....................................................................... S. licrosana

- Sclerotized crease of valva strongly curved or U-shape ............................................................................. S. arcuatana

11 Apex of socius/gnathos arm strongly asymmetrical ................................................................................................... 12

- Apex of socius/gnathos arm asymmetrically lobed, boot-shaped............................................................................... 13

12 Apex of uncus bulbous with two minute projections .............................................................................. S. capitiornata

- Apex of uncus expanded and with a single subrectangular projection ..................................................... S. canorisana

13 Two exoskeletal protuberances on head...................................................................................................................... 14

- Three exoskeletal protuberances on head ................................................................................................................... 15

14 Exoskeletal protuberances on head reduced [visible only if head is denuded of vertex scales]; thoracic scaling unmodified ................................................................................................................................................. S. xenopsana

- Exoskeletal protuberances on head prominent; thoracic scaling modified ................................................. S. umbosana

15 Posterior margin of transtilla weakly bilobed; aedeagus with a ventral lip apically .................................... S. ocrisana

- Posterior margin of transtilla strongly bilobed; aedeagus attenuate, unmodified apically .................... S. probolosana

16 Apex of socius/gnathos arm narrow............................................................................................................................ 17

- Apex of socius/gnathos arm enlarged ........................................................................................................................ 18

17 Valva with small sclerotized crease near center ........................................................................................... S. silaceana

- Valva without small sclerotized crease ...................................................................................................... S. aciculana

18 Costal fold present in male forewing .......................................................................................................................... 19

- Costal fold absent in male forewing .......................................................................................................................... 24

19 Apex of uncus simple.................................................................................................................................................. 20

- Apex of uncus distinctly modified ............................................................................................................................. 21

20 Valva with sclerotized crease ..................................................................................................................... S. xenopsana

- Valva without sclerotized crease .......................................................................................................... S. lentiginosana

21 Apex of uncus bifid..................................................................................................................................................... 22

- Apex of uncus clubbed or trifurcate........................................................................................................................... 23

22 Forewing brown and dark brown with a distinct light brown basal fascia ............................................. S. carycrosana

- Forewing light brown and gray without a distinct light brown basal fascia .......................................... S. plemmelana

23 Apex of uncus clubbed; apex of socius/gnathos arm unilobed ..................................................................... S. teratana

- Apex of uncus with two lateral subapical lobes; apex of socius/gnathos arm bilobed .................................... S. lugens

24 Anterior margin of sacculus distinctly concave, extending to apex of valva or beyond ............................................ 25

- Anterior margin of sacculus straight or gently curved, ending well short of apical margin of valva........................ 26

25 Valva with sclerotized crease; saccular lobe not projecting beyond valva .................................................. S. vinolenta

- Valva without sclerotized crease; saccular lobe projecting well beyond valva ............................................ S. castanea

26 Sclerotized crease in valva not reaching sacculus ...................................................................................................... 27

- Sclerotized crease in valva connecting to sacculus..................................................................................................... 28

27 Transtilla straight or weakly bilobed ............................................................................................................. S. hydeana

- Transtilla strongly bilobed ................................................................................................................. S. calthograptana

28 Apex of socius/gnathos arm asymmetrically lobed or boot-shaped ........................................................................... 29

- Apex of socius/gnathos arm a symmetrical or slightly asymmetrical club................................................................. 31

29 Posterior margin of transtilla distinctly bilobed; forewing yellow and brown ......................................... S. audentiana

- Posterior margin of transtilla slightly bilobed, forewing grayish brown or gray........................................................ 30

30 Uncus widened near middle ............................................................................................................................ S. canities

- Uncus uniformly narrow ............................................................................................................................... S. laderana

31 Posterior margin of transtilla bilobed; aedeagus about as long as phallobase ............................................... S. amitana

- Posterior margin of transtilla straight or slightly bilobed; aedeagus shorter than phallobase .................................... 32

32 Transtilla straight; forewing dark grayish brown, smokey in overall appearance .................................... S. coloratana - Transtilla straight or slightly bilobed; forewing yellowing borwn, golden yellow, or light gray ........... S. machimiana

Figures

FIGURE 1. Dorso-anteriad view of the scaling and protuberances on the head of S. ocrisana. A. Photograph. B. Schematic drawing: 1. Anterior protuberance; 2. Posterior protuberance denuded of scaling; 3. Posterior protuberance with scaling intact. Compound eyes (4) and the pedicels of the antennae (5) for orientation.