Protoperidinium solidicorne (Mangin) Balech 1974

Krakhmalnyi, Aleksandr F., Krakhmalnyi, Maxim A., Terenko, Galyna V. & Goncharenko, Igor V., 2023, Dominant Species Of The Genus Protoperidinium Bergh (Peridiniales: Protoperidiniaceae) In The Black Sea, Zootaxa 5339 (5), pp. 427-448 : 441-442

Protoperidinium solidicorne (Mangin) Balech 1974 . Hydrobiolog. 4 (1): 67. ( Fig. 55 ).

References: Schiller 1937: 218, Fig. 215 a–l; Kiselew 1950: 190, Fig. 317 a–b, 321 a–v; Wood 1968: 108, Fig. 327 (as Peridinium solidicorne ); Balech 1988: 191, Lam. 86, Fig. 8–12 ; Krakhmalnyi 2011: 207, Table 90, 1–3, 6–7.

Basionym: Peridinium solidicorne Mangin 1926 . Exp. Antarct. Scotia 1: 80, Fig. 23 .

Description: Cells subpentagonal, slightly dorsoventrally compressed, with convex lateral sides. The epithecal plate pattern comprises seven precingular plates (7ʹʹ), four apical plates (4ʹ), three anterior intercalary plates (3a), 1ʹ plate – “para”, 2a – “hexa”. Thecal plates areolated. The cingulum median, ascending (displaced by 1.0 cingular width), bordered. The sulcus straight or slightly broadens towards the antapex, bordered with lists. The hypotheca with two conical horns ending in two spines. The hypothecal pore present, located near the median longitudinal line of the 1ʹʹʹ plate, closer to its posterior margin than to the sulcus ( Okolodkov 2008). Dimensions: 70–114 μm long and 50–87 μm wide.

Distribution: Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico; Indian Ocean; Arctic seas, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Sea of Azov ( Krakhmalnyi 2011). Data on the distribution of P. solidicorne are given from the GBIF.org (2022) ( Fig. 96 ).

Figures

FIGURES 47–58. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 47–52—P. pellucidum; 53–54—P. subinerme; 55—P. solidicorne; 56– 57—P. pyriforme; 58—P. pentagonum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. Hypothecal pore in plate 1ʹʹʹ is marked with an arrow (47, 50). 47–49—DIC; 50–52, 56–58—epifluorescence; 53–55—transmitted light. Scale bars: 47–54 = 10 µm; 55–58 = 20 µm.

FIGURES 1–10. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 1–2—P. achromaticum; 3–4, 7—P. brevipes; 5, 10—P. quadrioblongum; 6, 8–9—P. excentricum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 4, 6–9—epifluorescence; 5, 10— transmitted light. Scale bars: 10 µm.

FIGURES 11–22. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 11–12—P. bipes; 14–15—P. brochii; 13, 16—P. crassipes; 17–19—P. claudicans; 20–22—P. depressum. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 11, 13, 15–16—DIC; 12, 14, 18–19, 22—epifluorescence; 17, 20–21—transmitted light. Scale bars: 11–12, 14–15 = 10 µm; 13, 16–22 = 20 µm.

FIGURES 23–34. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 23–31—P. divergens; 32—P. conicum; 33—P. knipowitschii; 34—P. granii. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 24, 34—DIC; 25–28—epifluorescence; 29–31—FE- SEM; 23, 32–33—transmitted light. Scale bars: 20 µm.

FIGURES 95–98. Global distribution maps of some Protoperidinium species. 95—P. oblongum; 96—P. solidicorne; 97—P. steinii; 98—P. subinerme.